TEACHING AND RESEARCH APTITUDE
TEACHING AND RESEARCH APTITUDE SYLLABUS |
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This page contains teaching and research aptitude notes useful for those preparing for UPSC and other competitive exams. The research methodology aptitude questions and answers of previous years (in pdf format) will be extremely useful for the students.
1. Teaching Aptitude
a) Teaching: Nature, objectives, characteristics and basic requirements
b) Learner’s characteristics
c) Factors affecting teaching
d) Methods of teaching
e) Teaching aids
f) Evaluation systems
2. Research Aptitude
a) Research: Meaning, characteristics and types
b) Steps of research
c) Methods of research
d) Research Ethics
e) Paper, article, workshop, seminar, conference and symposium
f) Thesis writing: its characteristics and format
3. Reading Comprehension: A passage to be set with questions to be answered.
4. Communication: Nature, characteristics, types, barriers and effective classroom communication.
5. Reasoning (Including Mathematical): Number series; letter series; codes; > Relationships; classification
6. Logical Reasoning
a) Understanding the structure of arguments
b) Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning
c) Verbal analogies: Word analogy– Applied analogy
d) Verbal classification
e) Reasoning Logical Diagrams: Simple diagrammatic relationship, multi-diagrammatic relationship
f) Venn diagram
g) Analytical Reasoning
7. Data Interpretation
a) Sources, acquisition and interpretation of data
b) Quantitative and qualitative data
c) Graphical representation and mapping of data.
8. Information & Communication Technology (ICT)
a) ICT : meaning, advantages, disadvantages and uses
b) General abbreviations and terminology
c) Basics of internet and e-mailing
9. People and Environment
a) People and environment interaction
b) Sources of pollution
c) Pollutants and their impact on human life, exploitation of natural and energy resources
d) Natural hazards and mitigation
10. Higher Education System: Governance, Polity and Administration
a) STRUCTURE of the institutions for higher learning and research in India
b) Formal and distance education
c) Professional/technical and general education
d) Value education: governance, polity and administration
e) Concept, institutions and their interactions
1. Teaching Aptitude
a) Teaching: Nature, objectives, characteristics and basic requirements
b) Learner’s characteristics
c) Factors affecting teaching
d) Methods of teaching
e) Teaching aids
f) Evaluation systems
2. Research Aptitude
a) Research: Meaning, characteristics and types
b) Steps of research
c) Methods of research
d) Research Ethics
e) Paper, article, workshop, seminar, conference and symposium
f) Thesis writing: its characteristics and format
3. Reading Comprehension: A passage to be set with questions to be answered.
4. Communication: Nature, characteristics, types, barriers and effective classroom communication.
5. Reasoning (Including Mathematical): Number series; letter series; codes; > Relationships; classification
6. Logical Reasoning
a) Understanding the structure of arguments
b) Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning
c) Verbal analogies: Word analogy– Applied analogy
d) Verbal classification
e) Reasoning Logical Diagrams: Simple diagrammatic relationship, multi-diagrammatic relationship
f) Venn diagram
g) Analytical Reasoning
7. Data Interpretation
a) Sources, acquisition and interpretation of data
b) Quantitative and qualitative data
c) Graphical representation and mapping of data.
8. Information & Communication Technology (ICT)
a) ICT : meaning, advantages, disadvantages and uses
b) General abbreviations and terminology
c) Basics of internet and e-mailing
9. People and Environment
a) People and environment interaction
b) Sources of pollution
c) Pollutants and their impact on human life, exploitation of natural and energy resources
d) Natural hazards and mitigation
10. Higher Education System: Governance, Polity and Administration
a) STRUCTURE of the institutions for higher learning and research in India
b) Formal and distance education
c) Professional/technical and general education
d) Value education: governance, polity and administration
e) Concept, institutions and their interactions
TEACHING AND RESEARCH APTITUDE MCQs
1. Select the alternative which consists of positive factors contributing to effectiveness of teaching :
List of factors :
(a) Teacher’s knowledge of the subject.
(b) Teacher’s socio-economic background.
(c) Communication skill of the teacher.
(d) Teacher’s ability to please the students.
(e) Teacher’s personal contact with students.
(f) Teacher’s competence in managing and monitoring the classroom transactions.
Codes :
(1) (b), (c) and (d) (2) (c), (d) and (f)
(3) (b), (d) and (e) (4) (a), (c) and (f)
Ans: 4
2. The use of teaching aids is justified on the grounds of
(1) attracting students’ attention in the class room.
(2) minimising indiscipline problems in the classroom.
(3) optimising learning outcomes of students.
(4) effective engagement of students in learning tasks.
Ans: 3
3. Assertion (A) : The purpose of higher education is to promote critical and creative thinking abilities among students.
Reason (R) : These abilities ensure job placements.
Choose the correct answer from the following code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Ans: 2
4. Match the items of the first set with that of the second set in respect of evaluation system.
Choose the correct code :
Set – I Set – II
a. Formative evaluation i. Evaluating cognitive and co-cognitive aspects with regularity
b. Summative evaluation ii. Tests and their interpretations based on a group and certain yardsticks
c. Continuous and comprehensive evaluation iii. Grading the final learning outcomes
d. Norm and criterion referenced tests iv. Quizzes and discussions
Codes :
a b c d
(1) iv iii i ii
(2) i ii iii iv
(3) iii iv ii i
(4) i iii iv ii
Ans: 1
5. A researcher intends to explore the effect of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study ?
(1) Historical method (2) Descriptive survey method
(3) Experimental method (4) Ex-post-facto method
Ans: 4
6. Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research ?
(1) Developing a research design
(2) Formulating a research question
(3) Deciding about the data analysis procedure
(4) Formulating a research hypothesis
Ans: 2
7. The format of thesis writing is the same as in
(1) preparation of a research paper/article
(2) writing of seminar presentation
(3) a research dissertation
(4) presenting a workshop / conference paper
Ans: 3
8. In qualitative research paradigm, which of the following features may be considered critical ?
(1) Data collection with standardised research tools.
(2) Sampling design with probability sample techniques.
(3) Data collection with bottom-up empirical evidences.
(4) Data gathering to take place with top-down systematic evidences.
Ans: 3
9. From the following list of statements identify the set which has negative implications for ‘research ethics’ :
(i) A researcher critically looks at the findings of another research.
(ii) Related studies are cited without proper references.
(iii) Research findings are made the basis for policy making.
(iv) Conduct of practitioner is screened in terms of reported research evidences.
(v) A research study is replicated with a view to verify the evidences from other researches.
(vi) Both policy making and policy implementing processes are regulated in terms of preliminary studies.
Codes :
(1) (i), (ii) and (iii) (2) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(3) (ii), (iv) and (vi) (4) (i), (iii) and (v)
Ans: 3
10. In a research on the effect of child-rearing practices on stress-proneness of children in completing school projects, the hypothesis formulated is that ‘child rearing practices do influence stress-proneness’. At the data-analysis stage a null hypothesis is advanced to
find out the tenability of research hypothesis. On the basis of the evidence available, the null hypothesis is rejected at 0.01 level of significance. What decision may be warranted in respect of the research hypothesis ?
(1) The research hypothesis will also be rejected.
(2) The research hypothesis will be accepted.
(3) Both the research hypothesis and the null hypothesis will be rejected.
(4) No decision can be taken in respect of the research hypothesis.
Ans: 2
List of factors :
(a) Teacher’s knowledge of the subject.
(b) Teacher’s socio-economic background.
(c) Communication skill of the teacher.
(d) Teacher’s ability to please the students.
(e) Teacher’s personal contact with students.
(f) Teacher’s competence in managing and monitoring the classroom transactions.
Codes :
(1) (b), (c) and (d) (2) (c), (d) and (f)
(3) (b), (d) and (e) (4) (a), (c) and (f)
Ans: 4
2. The use of teaching aids is justified on the grounds of
(1) attracting students’ attention in the class room.
(2) minimising indiscipline problems in the classroom.
(3) optimising learning outcomes of students.
(4) effective engagement of students in learning tasks.
Ans: 3
3. Assertion (A) : The purpose of higher education is to promote critical and creative thinking abilities among students.
Reason (R) : These abilities ensure job placements.
Choose the correct answer from the following code :
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Ans: 2
4. Match the items of the first set with that of the second set in respect of evaluation system.
Choose the correct code :
Set – I Set – II
a. Formative evaluation i. Evaluating cognitive and co-cognitive aspects with regularity
b. Summative evaluation ii. Tests and their interpretations based on a group and certain yardsticks
c. Continuous and comprehensive evaluation iii. Grading the final learning outcomes
d. Norm and criterion referenced tests iv. Quizzes and discussions
Codes :
a b c d
(1) iv iii i ii
(2) i ii iii iv
(3) iii iv ii i
(4) i iii iv ii
Ans: 1
5. A researcher intends to explore the effect of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study ?
(1) Historical method (2) Descriptive survey method
(3) Experimental method (4) Ex-post-facto method
Ans: 4
6. Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research ?
(1) Developing a research design
(2) Formulating a research question
(3) Deciding about the data analysis procedure
(4) Formulating a research hypothesis
Ans: 2
7. The format of thesis writing is the same as in
(1) preparation of a research paper/article
(2) writing of seminar presentation
(3) a research dissertation
(4) presenting a workshop / conference paper
Ans: 3
8. In qualitative research paradigm, which of the following features may be considered critical ?
(1) Data collection with standardised research tools.
(2) Sampling design with probability sample techniques.
(3) Data collection with bottom-up empirical evidences.
(4) Data gathering to take place with top-down systematic evidences.
Ans: 3
9. From the following list of statements identify the set which has negative implications for ‘research ethics’ :
(i) A researcher critically looks at the findings of another research.
(ii) Related studies are cited without proper references.
(iii) Research findings are made the basis for policy making.
(iv) Conduct of practitioner is screened in terms of reported research evidences.
(v) A research study is replicated with a view to verify the evidences from other researches.
(vi) Both policy making and policy implementing processes are regulated in terms of preliminary studies.
Codes :
(1) (i), (ii) and (iii) (2) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(3) (ii), (iv) and (vi) (4) (i), (iii) and (v)
Ans: 3
10. In a research on the effect of child-rearing practices on stress-proneness of children in completing school projects, the hypothesis formulated is that ‘child rearing practices do influence stress-proneness’. At the data-analysis stage a null hypothesis is advanced to
find out the tenability of research hypothesis. On the basis of the evidence available, the null hypothesis is rejected at 0.01 level of significance. What decision may be warranted in respect of the research hypothesis ?
(1) The research hypothesis will also be rejected.
(2) The research hypothesis will be accepted.
(3) Both the research hypothesis and the null hypothesis will be rejected.
(4) No decision can be taken in respect of the research hypothesis.
Ans: 2
11. Which among the following skill is required most for a present day teacher?
A:-Planning
B:-Instruction
C:-Evaluation
D:-Facilitation
Correct Answer:- Option-D
12. While initiating the instructional process a teacher should be aware of
A:-Learner qualities
B:-Learner readiness
C:-Structure of the Lesson
D:-Preparation for the lesson
Correct Answer:- Option-B
13. Comprehensive evaluation is inclusive in nature by doing it
A:-Regularly
B:-Periodically
C:-Continuously
D:-Subject specific
Correct Answer:- Option-C
14. Which of the following is most suitable for meaningful learning in a classroom?
A:-Interactions
B:-Instructions
C:-Experiments
D:-Demonstration
Correct Answer:- Option-A
15. Which of the following is a best teaching aid?
A:-Diorama
B:-Programmed Instruction
C:-Power point Presentation
D:-Sound motion picture
Correct Answer:- Option-D
A:-Planning
B:-Instruction
C:-Evaluation
D:-Facilitation
Correct Answer:- Option-D
12. While initiating the instructional process a teacher should be aware of
A:-Learner qualities
B:-Learner readiness
C:-Structure of the Lesson
D:-Preparation for the lesson
Correct Answer:- Option-B
13. Comprehensive evaluation is inclusive in nature by doing it
A:-Regularly
B:-Periodically
C:-Continuously
D:-Subject specific
Correct Answer:- Option-C
14. Which of the following is most suitable for meaningful learning in a classroom?
A:-Interactions
B:-Instructions
C:-Experiments
D:-Demonstration
Correct Answer:- Option-A
15. Which of the following is a best teaching aid?
A:-Diorama
B:-Programmed Instruction
C:-Power point Presentation
D:-Sound motion picture
Correct Answer:- Option-D
16. The basic unit of society is
A:-Individual
B:-Family
C:-Group
D:-Community
Correct Answer:- Option-B
17. The three domains of educational objectives according to Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational objectives
A:-Cognitive, Affective, Psychomotor
B:- Behavioural, Mechanical, Emotional
C:- Psychomotor, Behavioural, Comparative
D:- Affective, Descriptive, Comprehensive
Correct Answer:- Option-A
18. A code of accepted behaviour based on morals
A:-Ethics
B:-Conduct
C:-Standard
D:-Etiquette
Correct Answer:- Option-D
19. The statement of predicted relationship between two or more variables
A:-Assumption
B:-Hypothesis
C:-Theory
D:-Construct
Correct Answer:- Option-B
20. A learner centered method of teaching learning process
A:-Demonstration
B:-Lecture
C:-Bedside clinic
D:- Project
Correct Answer:- Option-D
21. A teaching method employed to develop proficiency in a particular teaching skill
A:-Micro Teaching
B:-Role Playing
C:-Demonstration
D:-Simulation
Correct Answer:- Option-A
22. The highest level of learning
A:-Concept Learning
B:-Chaining
C:-Problem Solving
D:-Verbal Association
Correct Answer:- Option-C
A:-Individual
B:-Family
C:-Group
D:-Community
Correct Answer:- Option-B
17. The three domains of educational objectives according to Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational objectives
A:-Cognitive, Affective, Psychomotor
B:- Behavioural, Mechanical, Emotional
C:- Psychomotor, Behavioural, Comparative
D:- Affective, Descriptive, Comprehensive
Correct Answer:- Option-A
18. A code of accepted behaviour based on morals
A:-Ethics
B:-Conduct
C:-Standard
D:-Etiquette
Correct Answer:- Option-D
19. The statement of predicted relationship between two or more variables
A:-Assumption
B:-Hypothesis
C:-Theory
D:-Construct
Correct Answer:- Option-B
20. A learner centered method of teaching learning process
A:-Demonstration
B:-Lecture
C:-Bedside clinic
D:- Project
Correct Answer:- Option-D
21. A teaching method employed to develop proficiency in a particular teaching skill
A:-Micro Teaching
B:-Role Playing
C:-Demonstration
D:-Simulation
Correct Answer:- Option-A
22. The highest level of learning
A:-Concept Learning
B:-Chaining
C:-Problem Solving
D:-Verbal Association
Correct Answer:- Option-C
23. To cater to the needs of slow learners in the class, a teacher should give
A:-daily test
B:-remedial teaching
C:-anchored instruction
D:-apprenticeship training
Ans: B
24. Inductive reasoning is
A:-bottom up process
B:-top down process
C:-verbal reasoning
D:-non verbal reasoning
Ans: A
25. If the students on the back bench are talking while teaching in the class, the teacher should
A:-allow them to do what they are doing
B:-punish by sending them out of the class
C:-ask them to sit on front benches
D:-not mind them as it may disturb the rest of the class
Ans: C
26. 'Learning readiness' involves
A:-disposition for learning
B:-adequate cognitive functioning
C:-an ideal situation and knowledge base for presenting content
D:-all of the above
Ans: D
27. Why are additional exercises and activities included in the syllabus?
A:-to make teaching easy and interesting
B:-to make the learner understand the topic well
C:-to assist the teacher
D:-to develop thinking skill in students
Ans: B
28. What is NOT possible to achieve in the case of field experiments?
A:-randomization
B:-manipulation
C:-control of extraneous variables
D:-collecting data from a group of informed subjects
Ans: C
29. 'Men are superior to women in their health status after 40 years' is an example of
A:-directional hypothesis
B:-non directional hypothesis
C:-null hypothesis
D:-all of the above
Ans: A
30. The ethical principle displayed while sharing data, results, ideas or tools of one's research is
A:-honesty
B:-objectivity
C:-openness
D:-integrity
Ans: C
31.The systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the development of generalizations, principles and theories resulting in prediction and possible ultimate control of events is known as :
A:-Teaching
B:-Analysis
C:-Predicting
D:-Research
Ans: D
32:-Persons have to engage in some productive task out of which something tangible can be created in :
A:-Seminar
B:-Symposium
C:-Workshop
D:-Debate
Ans: C
A:-daily test
B:-remedial teaching
C:-anchored instruction
D:-apprenticeship training
Ans: B
24. Inductive reasoning is
A:-bottom up process
B:-top down process
C:-verbal reasoning
D:-non verbal reasoning
Ans: A
25. If the students on the back bench are talking while teaching in the class, the teacher should
A:-allow them to do what they are doing
B:-punish by sending them out of the class
C:-ask them to sit on front benches
D:-not mind them as it may disturb the rest of the class
Ans: C
26. 'Learning readiness' involves
A:-disposition for learning
B:-adequate cognitive functioning
C:-an ideal situation and knowledge base for presenting content
D:-all of the above
Ans: D
27. Why are additional exercises and activities included in the syllabus?
A:-to make teaching easy and interesting
B:-to make the learner understand the topic well
C:-to assist the teacher
D:-to develop thinking skill in students
Ans: B
28. What is NOT possible to achieve in the case of field experiments?
A:-randomization
B:-manipulation
C:-control of extraneous variables
D:-collecting data from a group of informed subjects
Ans: C
29. 'Men are superior to women in their health status after 40 years' is an example of
A:-directional hypothesis
B:-non directional hypothesis
C:-null hypothesis
D:-all of the above
Ans: A
30. The ethical principle displayed while sharing data, results, ideas or tools of one's research is
A:-honesty
B:-objectivity
C:-openness
D:-integrity
Ans: C
31.The systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the development of generalizations, principles and theories resulting in prediction and possible ultimate control of events is known as :
A:-Teaching
B:-Analysis
C:-Predicting
D:-Research
Ans: D
32:-Persons have to engage in some productive task out of which something tangible can be created in :
A:-Seminar
B:-Symposium
C:-Workshop
D:-Debate
Ans: C
33. The most important task in teaching is
A:-Giving assignments and evaluating it
B:-Providing experiences for the learner towards holistic development
C:-Maintaining discipline in children
D:-Giving sufficient drill
Correct Answer:- Option-B
34. Remedial Teaching is a process of instruction given after
A:-Summative Evaluation
B:-Standardized Testing
C:-Formative Evaluation
D:-Diagnostic Testing
Correct Answer:- Option-D
35. The state within a person or animal that drive behaviour towards some common goal is
A:-Motivation
B:-Self Actualization
C:-Adjustment
D:-Attitude
Correct Answer:- Option-A
36. Which among the following is a learner related factor?
A:-Difficulty of the task
B:-Length of the task
C:-Maturation
D:-Distribution of Practice
Correct Answer:- Option-C
37. Which of the following can be taken as a reflection of meaningful learning?
A:-High score in the examination
B:-High degree of retention
C:-Ability to recall
D:-Ability to transfer knowledge in different situations
Correct Answer:- Option-D
38:-Participants present to the audience their views about various aspects of a selected problem or topic through speeches or proper reading is :
A:-Seminar
B:-Debate
C:-Brainstorming
D:-Symposium
Ans: D
39. The purpose of review of related literature is to
A:-Use the literature to identify present knowledge and what is known
B:-Help in defining the problem and operational definition
C:-Identify strength and weakness of previous studies
D:-All of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-D
40. A variable that can change due to the action of another variable is known as
A:-Dependent variable
B:-Extraneous variable
C:-Independent variable
D:-Confounding variable
Correct Answer:- Option-A
41. The method of collecting data through observation and experimentation, formulation and testing of hypothesis
is called
A:-Empirical method
B:-Observation method
C:-Scientific method
D:-Case study
Correct Answer:- Option-C
42. First step in research is
A:-Identification of problem
B:-Survey of related literature
C:-Finding methodology
D:-Finding the solutions
Correct Answer:- Option-A
A:-Giving assignments and evaluating it
B:-Providing experiences for the learner towards holistic development
C:-Maintaining discipline in children
D:-Giving sufficient drill
Correct Answer:- Option-B
34. Remedial Teaching is a process of instruction given after
A:-Summative Evaluation
B:-Standardized Testing
C:-Formative Evaluation
D:-Diagnostic Testing
Correct Answer:- Option-D
35. The state within a person or animal that drive behaviour towards some common goal is
A:-Motivation
B:-Self Actualization
C:-Adjustment
D:-Attitude
Correct Answer:- Option-A
36. Which among the following is a learner related factor?
A:-Difficulty of the task
B:-Length of the task
C:-Maturation
D:-Distribution of Practice
Correct Answer:- Option-C
37. Which of the following can be taken as a reflection of meaningful learning?
A:-High score in the examination
B:-High degree of retention
C:-Ability to recall
D:-Ability to transfer knowledge in different situations
Correct Answer:- Option-D
38:-Participants present to the audience their views about various aspects of a selected problem or topic through speeches or proper reading is :
A:-Seminar
B:-Debate
C:-Brainstorming
D:-Symposium
Ans: D
39. The purpose of review of related literature is to
A:-Use the literature to identify present knowledge and what is known
B:-Help in defining the problem and operational definition
C:-Identify strength and weakness of previous studies
D:-All of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-D
40. A variable that can change due to the action of another variable is known as
A:-Dependent variable
B:-Extraneous variable
C:-Independent variable
D:-Confounding variable
Correct Answer:- Option-A
41. The method of collecting data through observation and experimentation, formulation and testing of hypothesis
is called
A:-Empirical method
B:-Observation method
C:-Scientific method
D:-Case study
Correct Answer:- Option-C
42. First step in research is
A:-Identification of problem
B:-Survey of related literature
C:-Finding methodology
D:-Finding the solutions
Correct Answer:- Option-A
43. The type of variable that link a cause-and-effect relationship are called
A:-Intervening Variables
B:-Independent Variables
C:-Dependent Variables
D:-Extraneous Variables
Correct Answer:- Option-A
44. Which of the following statements is correct?
A:-The objectives should be stated only in a statement form
B:-The objectives should be stated only in question form
C:-The objectives can be stated either in the form of a statement or in a question form
D:-None of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-C
45. Variables of study are selected during
A:-Data collection
B:-Sample selection
C:-Stating the hypothesis
D:-Scientific definition of the problem
Correct Answer:- Option-D
46. An operational definition of a term used in the title of a research problem refers to
A:-A definition quoted in glossaries or dictionaries
B:-A most acceptable definition of the term
C:-A comprehensive definition of the term
D:-A definition that gives meaning to the term and helps into quantification
Correct Answer:- Option-D
47. 'Summary of the Literature' is
A:-A Bibliography
B:-A description of the significant findings from each relevant reference that the researcher searched
C:-A description of the main findings that are organized around main themes that emerge from literature search
D:-None of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-B
48. The term 'Action Research' was coined by
A:-Corey
B:-Travers
C:-Dewey
D:-Lehmann
Correct Answer:- Option-A
49. The best method of sampling whenever the population is homogeneous is
A:-Stratified
B:-Purposive
C:-Random
D:-Incidental
Correct Answer:- Option-C
50. Sampling refers to
A:-Selecting small portion of a universe
B:-Selecting a large population of a universe
C:-Selecting a representative portion of a population
D:-Selecting small portion of a population
Correct Answer:- Option-D
51. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A:-Interview schedule is a research tool
B:-If the study population is illiterate, data collection using questionnaire is appropriate
C:-Both (1) and (2)
D:-Neither (1) nor (2)
Correct Answer:- Option-B
52. SPSS stands for
A:-Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
B:-Software Package for Social Sciences
C:-Social Progress and Social Sciences
D:-None of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-A
A:-Intervening Variables
B:-Independent Variables
C:-Dependent Variables
D:-Extraneous Variables
Correct Answer:- Option-A
44. Which of the following statements is correct?
A:-The objectives should be stated only in a statement form
B:-The objectives should be stated only in question form
C:-The objectives can be stated either in the form of a statement or in a question form
D:-None of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-C
45. Variables of study are selected during
A:-Data collection
B:-Sample selection
C:-Stating the hypothesis
D:-Scientific definition of the problem
Correct Answer:- Option-D
46. An operational definition of a term used in the title of a research problem refers to
A:-A definition quoted in glossaries or dictionaries
B:-A most acceptable definition of the term
C:-A comprehensive definition of the term
D:-A definition that gives meaning to the term and helps into quantification
Correct Answer:- Option-D
47. 'Summary of the Literature' is
A:-A Bibliography
B:-A description of the significant findings from each relevant reference that the researcher searched
C:-A description of the main findings that are organized around main themes that emerge from literature search
D:-None of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-B
48. The term 'Action Research' was coined by
A:-Corey
B:-Travers
C:-Dewey
D:-Lehmann
Correct Answer:- Option-A
49. The best method of sampling whenever the population is homogeneous is
A:-Stratified
B:-Purposive
C:-Random
D:-Incidental
Correct Answer:- Option-C
50. Sampling refers to
A:-Selecting small portion of a universe
B:-Selecting a large population of a universe
C:-Selecting a representative portion of a population
D:-Selecting small portion of a population
Correct Answer:- Option-D
51. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A:-Interview schedule is a research tool
B:-If the study population is illiterate, data collection using questionnaire is appropriate
C:-Both (1) and (2)
D:-Neither (1) nor (2)
Correct Answer:- Option-B
52. SPSS stands for
A:-Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
B:-Software Package for Social Sciences
C:-Social Progress and Social Sciences
D:-None of the above
Correct Answer:- Option-A
53. What aspect of the research report should be most concerned, when it is not peer reviewed ?
A:-The length of the report
B:-The implications of the research
C:-The quality of the research
D:-The authors sincerity
Correct Answer:- Option-C
54. Which of the following is not a form of qualitative research ?
A:-Ethnography
B:-Ex-post facto research
C:-Case study
D:-Phenomenological inquiry
Correct Answer:- Option-B
55. Who popularized action research ?
A:-John Lock
B:-Ken Springer
C:-Stephen M Corey
D:-Louis Cohen
Correct Answer:- Option-C
56. Longitudinal studies investigate :
A:-Different subjects over time
B:-Different subjects at the same time
C:-Same subjects at different levels
D:-Same subjects over time
Correct Answer:- Option-D
57. Assessment used to monitor learning progress during instruction :
A:-Formative assessment
B:-Summative assessment
C:-Prognostic assessment
D:-CCE
Correct Answer:- Option-A
58. What is meant by Retro-active inhibition ?
A:-Failure to recall newly learned things by the influence of early learning
B:-Failure to assimilate new learning
C:-Failure to recall earlier learning due to the interference of new learning
D:-Failure to adjust with the new learning by the interference of environment
Correct Answer:- Option-C
59. 'Drive Reduction Theory of Learning' is formulated by :
A:-Thorndike
B:-Pavlov
C:-Skinner
D:-Hull
Correct Answer:- Option-D
60. Reinforcement is a major principle in :
A:-Humanism
B:-Psycho-analysis
C:-Constructivism
D:-Behaviourism
Correct Answer:- Option-D
61. The personality of teachers influence the personality of students through a process of :
A:-Observation
B:-Imitation
C:-Psycho-osmosis
D:-Comparison
Correct Answer:- Option-C
A:-The length of the report
B:-The implications of the research
C:-The quality of the research
D:-The authors sincerity
Correct Answer:- Option-C
54. Which of the following is not a form of qualitative research ?
A:-Ethnography
B:-Ex-post facto research
C:-Case study
D:-Phenomenological inquiry
Correct Answer:- Option-B
55. Who popularized action research ?
A:-John Lock
B:-Ken Springer
C:-Stephen M Corey
D:-Louis Cohen
Correct Answer:- Option-C
56. Longitudinal studies investigate :
A:-Different subjects over time
B:-Different subjects at the same time
C:-Same subjects at different levels
D:-Same subjects over time
Correct Answer:- Option-D
57. Assessment used to monitor learning progress during instruction :
A:-Formative assessment
B:-Summative assessment
C:-Prognostic assessment
D:-CCE
Correct Answer:- Option-A
58. What is meant by Retro-active inhibition ?
A:-Failure to recall newly learned things by the influence of early learning
B:-Failure to assimilate new learning
C:-Failure to recall earlier learning due to the interference of new learning
D:-Failure to adjust with the new learning by the interference of environment
Correct Answer:- Option-C
59. 'Drive Reduction Theory of Learning' is formulated by :
A:-Thorndike
B:-Pavlov
C:-Skinner
D:-Hull
Correct Answer:- Option-D
60. Reinforcement is a major principle in :
A:-Humanism
B:-Psycho-analysis
C:-Constructivism
D:-Behaviourism
Correct Answer:- Option-D
61. The personality of teachers influence the personality of students through a process of :
A:-Observation
B:-Imitation
C:-Psycho-osmosis
D:-Comparison
Correct Answer:- Option-C
62:-The best teacher is one who is capable of _________.
A:-giving a good result
B:-inspiring the students to learn
C:-completing the topic in time
D:-helping the students in preparing notes
Ans: B
63:-'Learning by Doing' principle is reflected in _________.
A:-Realism
B:-Idealism
C:-Pragmatism
D:-Naturalism
Ans: C
64:-In inductive reasoning, one proceeds from
A:-particular to general
B:-general to particular
C:-rational to empirical
D:-none of these
Ans: A
65:-Which of the following is a projective aid for teaching?
A:-Still model
B:-Working model
C:-Charts
D:-Slides
Ans: D
66:-The most significant system of evaluation is ________.
A:-Formative evaluation
B:-Summative evaluation
C:-Continuous and comprehensive evaluation
D:-Continuous evaluation
Ans: C
67:-Characteristics of descriptive research studies are
A:-They do not involve hypothesis formulation and testing
B:-They use logical methods of inductive-deductive reasoning to arrive at generalisations
C:-They never employ methods of randomization in sampling
D:-The variables and procedures are not described accurately and completely
Ans: B
68:-Conditions or characteristics that the experimenter manipulates or controls in his or her attempt to ascertain their relationship to observed phenomena are called ________.
A:-Independent variables
B:-Dependent variables
C:-Confounding variables
D:-None of these
Ans: A
69:-Types of experimental validity are
A:-Content and construct validity
B:-Statistical validity
C:-Internal validity
D:-Internal validity, external validity, statistical validity and construct validity
Ans: D
70:-Qualitative research focuses on ________.
A:-In-depth interview only
B:-Observations only
C:-Document analysis, in-depth interview and observations
D:-Document analysis only
Ans: C
71:-Probability based sampling method is _________.
A:-Stratified sampling
B:-Purposive sampling
C:-Random sampling
D:-Judgement sampling
Ans: A
A:-giving a good result
B:-inspiring the students to learn
C:-completing the topic in time
D:-helping the students in preparing notes
Ans: B
63:-'Learning by Doing' principle is reflected in _________.
A:-Realism
B:-Idealism
C:-Pragmatism
D:-Naturalism
Ans: C
64:-In inductive reasoning, one proceeds from
A:-particular to general
B:-general to particular
C:-rational to empirical
D:-none of these
Ans: A
65:-Which of the following is a projective aid for teaching?
A:-Still model
B:-Working model
C:-Charts
D:-Slides
Ans: D
66:-The most significant system of evaluation is ________.
A:-Formative evaluation
B:-Summative evaluation
C:-Continuous and comprehensive evaluation
D:-Continuous evaluation
Ans: C
67:-Characteristics of descriptive research studies are
A:-They do not involve hypothesis formulation and testing
B:-They use logical methods of inductive-deductive reasoning to arrive at generalisations
C:-They never employ methods of randomization in sampling
D:-The variables and procedures are not described accurately and completely
Ans: B
68:-Conditions or characteristics that the experimenter manipulates or controls in his or her attempt to ascertain their relationship to observed phenomena are called ________.
A:-Independent variables
B:-Dependent variables
C:-Confounding variables
D:-None of these
Ans: A
69:-Types of experimental validity are
A:-Content and construct validity
B:-Statistical validity
C:-Internal validity
D:-Internal validity, external validity, statistical validity and construct validity
Ans: D
70:-Qualitative research focuses on ________.
A:-In-depth interview only
B:-Observations only
C:-Document analysis, in-depth interview and observations
D:-Document analysis only
Ans: C
71:-Probability based sampling method is _________.
A:-Stratified sampling
B:-Purposive sampling
C:-Random sampling
D:-Judgement sampling
Ans: A
72:-Understanding the meaning of the word is known as
A:-Phonology
B:-Morphology
C:-Semantics
D:-Syntax
Ans: C
73:-Which one of the following is not coming under the category of descriptive research ?
A:-Survey research
B:-Assessment research
C:-Historical research
D:-Action research
Ans: D
74:-Kohlberg's theory of moral development is based on the works of
A:-Bruner
B:-Piaget
C:-Vygotsky
D:-Ausubel
Ans: B
75:-Naturalistic observation is widely accepted as an effective tool in the conduct of
A:-Quantitative research
B:-Ex-post-facto research
C:-Exploratory research
D:-Mixed research
Ans: C
76:-The mental age of a boy is 12 years and chronological age is 10 years. What is the IQ of this boy ?
A:-100
B:-120
C:-85
D:-140
Ans: B
77:-The process of determining the authenticity of a source, while conducting historical research is known as
A:-Expert criticism
B:-External criticism
C:-Internal criticism
D:-Secondary criticism
Ans: B
78:-"Free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such a manner as the state
may by law, determine" – Which Article of our Constitution states this ?
A:-Article 45
B:-Article 46
C:-Article 15
D:-Article 21
Ans: A
79:-From the following, which one is not an important Section of the research report ?
A:-Introduction and review of related literature
B:-Theoretical background and methodology
C:-Analysis of data and conclusions
D:-Footnotes and quotations
Ans: D
80:-The most important pedagogical implication of Gagne's stress on learning hierarchy is
A:-Maintaining all the eight steps while teaching
B:-Starting learning with the creation of S-R bonds
C:-Ensuring at each stage, that all the pre-requisites for learning a new material are available
D:-Aiming at the highest level of learning, so that the learner is motivated to the fullest possible level and that the maximum learning outcomes are ensured
Ans: C
81:-Which of the following is true about the relationship between validity and reliability ?
A:-If validity is high, reliability also will be high
B:-If reliability is high, validity also will be high
C:-There exists no relation between the two
D:-As reliability increases, validity gradually decreases
Ans: A
A:-Phonology
B:-Morphology
C:-Semantics
D:-Syntax
Ans: C
73:-Which one of the following is not coming under the category of descriptive research ?
A:-Survey research
B:-Assessment research
C:-Historical research
D:-Action research
Ans: D
74:-Kohlberg's theory of moral development is based on the works of
A:-Bruner
B:-Piaget
C:-Vygotsky
D:-Ausubel
Ans: B
75:-Naturalistic observation is widely accepted as an effective tool in the conduct of
A:-Quantitative research
B:-Ex-post-facto research
C:-Exploratory research
D:-Mixed research
Ans: C
76:-The mental age of a boy is 12 years and chronological age is 10 years. What is the IQ of this boy ?
A:-100
B:-120
C:-85
D:-140
Ans: B
77:-The process of determining the authenticity of a source, while conducting historical research is known as
A:-Expert criticism
B:-External criticism
C:-Internal criticism
D:-Secondary criticism
Ans: B
78:-"Free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such a manner as the state
may by law, determine" – Which Article of our Constitution states this ?
A:-Article 45
B:-Article 46
C:-Article 15
D:-Article 21
Ans: A
79:-From the following, which one is not an important Section of the research report ?
A:-Introduction and review of related literature
B:-Theoretical background and methodology
C:-Analysis of data and conclusions
D:-Footnotes and quotations
Ans: D
80:-The most important pedagogical implication of Gagne's stress on learning hierarchy is
A:-Maintaining all the eight steps while teaching
B:-Starting learning with the creation of S-R bonds
C:-Ensuring at each stage, that all the pre-requisites for learning a new material are available
D:-Aiming at the highest level of learning, so that the learner is motivated to the fullest possible level and that the maximum learning outcomes are ensured
Ans: C
81:-Which of the following is true about the relationship between validity and reliability ?
A:-If validity is high, reliability also will be high
B:-If reliability is high, validity also will be high
C:-There exists no relation between the two
D:-As reliability increases, validity gradually decreases
Ans: A
82:-Teacher pupil interaction inside the classroom should generate
A:-Argument
B:-Data
C:-Ideas
D:-Controversy
Ans: C
83:-In order to have an efficient learning, learner should have
A:-Opportunities to learn only
B:-Requisite level of motivation only
C:-Ability to learn only
D:-Desired level of ability and motivation
Ans: D
84:-"Spare the rod and spoil the child", gives the message that
A:-Judiciously use the punishment in the class
B:-Corporal punishment is not acceptable
C:-Undesirable behaviour must be punished
D:-Children should be beaten with rods
Ans: C
85:-With respect to the development of skills, which one is the correct answer ?
A:-Children of same mental age should learn at the same rate
B:-Interaction among children in the class increases the skills
C:-Group instruction facilitates the learning process
D:-Workbooks can be invaluable learning aid
Ans: A
86:-Evaluate feedback in the class should be provided through
A:-Use correction, not criticism, in respect to inappropriate responses
B:-Provide immediate feedback
C:-Do not provide non constructive comments for evaluating activities
D:-All of these
Ans: D
87:-Which of the following statement is correct ?
A:-Discoveries are researches
B:-Researches lead to discovery
C:-Invention and Research are related
D:-None of the above
Ans: B
88:-A research article is a brief report of research work based on
A:-Primary Data only
B:-Secondary Data only
C:-Both Primary and Secondary Data
D:-None of the above
Ans: C
89:-Which of the following is non-probability sampling ?
A:-Snowball
B:-Random
C:-Cluster
D:-Stratified
Ans: A
90:-Qualitative research approaches have
A:-A focus on natural settings
B:-Concern with inductive analysis and grounded theory
C:-An emphasis on process
D:-All the above
Ans: D
91:-The ethical debates in qualitative research revolve around
A:-Covert and overt research
B:-Public's right to know
C:-The subject's right to privacy
D:-All the above
Ans: D
92:-The right of Children to have free and compulsory education up to the age of 14 was made a fundamental right under Article 21A of Indian Constitution in
A:-2001
B:-2002
C:-2003
D:-2004
Ans: B
93:-In which method pupils are led from particular instances to general conclusions and it is a method of logical process and thinking ?
A:-Source method
B:-Deductive method
C:-Project method
D:-Inductive method
Ans: D
94:-Which one is designed to convey an idea by means of caricature, humour, stereotype, oversimplification, exaggeration and satire ?
A:-Cartoon
B:-Poster
C:-Pictures
D:-Models
Ans: A
95:-What will be called when certain variables are carefully controlled or manipulated and the focus is on variable relationships ?
A:-Historical Research
B:-Experimental Research
C:-Quasi Research
D:-Action Research
Ans: B
96:-Which is the oldest teaching method given by the philosophy of idealism ?
A:-Lecture Method
B:-Project Method
C:-Problem solving Method
D:-Source Method
Ans: A
97. What is one tailed test of significance?
A:-testing the non directional hypothesis
B:-testing substantive hypothesis
C:-testing the null hypothesis
D:-testing directional hypothesis
Ans: D
98. A representative sample is
A:-a random selection of the population
B:-a sample that accurately reflects the entire population
C:-any suitable sample selected from the population
D:-all of the above
Ans: B
99:-The methods of statistics which is used to derive conclusion about the characteristics of the whole with the help of data is called
A:-Derivative statistics
B:-Descriptive statistics
C:-Narrative statistics
D:-None of them
Ans: A
100. The sampling technique generally used when the population is finite
A:-Purposive sampling
B:-Quota sampling
C:-Systematic sampling
D:-Simple random sampling
Correct Answer:- Option-C
A:-Argument
B:-Data
C:-Ideas
D:-Controversy
Ans: C
83:-In order to have an efficient learning, learner should have
A:-Opportunities to learn only
B:-Requisite level of motivation only
C:-Ability to learn only
D:-Desired level of ability and motivation
Ans: D
84:-"Spare the rod and spoil the child", gives the message that
A:-Judiciously use the punishment in the class
B:-Corporal punishment is not acceptable
C:-Undesirable behaviour must be punished
D:-Children should be beaten with rods
Ans: C
85:-With respect to the development of skills, which one is the correct answer ?
A:-Children of same mental age should learn at the same rate
B:-Interaction among children in the class increases the skills
C:-Group instruction facilitates the learning process
D:-Workbooks can be invaluable learning aid
Ans: A
86:-Evaluate feedback in the class should be provided through
A:-Use correction, not criticism, in respect to inappropriate responses
B:-Provide immediate feedback
C:-Do not provide non constructive comments for evaluating activities
D:-All of these
Ans: D
87:-Which of the following statement is correct ?
A:-Discoveries are researches
B:-Researches lead to discovery
C:-Invention and Research are related
D:-None of the above
Ans: B
88:-A research article is a brief report of research work based on
A:-Primary Data only
B:-Secondary Data only
C:-Both Primary and Secondary Data
D:-None of the above
Ans: C
89:-Which of the following is non-probability sampling ?
A:-Snowball
B:-Random
C:-Cluster
D:-Stratified
Ans: A
90:-Qualitative research approaches have
A:-A focus on natural settings
B:-Concern with inductive analysis and grounded theory
C:-An emphasis on process
D:-All the above
Ans: D
91:-The ethical debates in qualitative research revolve around
A:-Covert and overt research
B:-Public's right to know
C:-The subject's right to privacy
D:-All the above
Ans: D
92:-The right of Children to have free and compulsory education up to the age of 14 was made a fundamental right under Article 21A of Indian Constitution in
A:-2001
B:-2002
C:-2003
D:-2004
Ans: B
93:-In which method pupils are led from particular instances to general conclusions and it is a method of logical process and thinking ?
A:-Source method
B:-Deductive method
C:-Project method
D:-Inductive method
Ans: D
94:-Which one is designed to convey an idea by means of caricature, humour, stereotype, oversimplification, exaggeration and satire ?
A:-Cartoon
B:-Poster
C:-Pictures
D:-Models
Ans: A
95:-What will be called when certain variables are carefully controlled or manipulated and the focus is on variable relationships ?
A:-Historical Research
B:-Experimental Research
C:-Quasi Research
D:-Action Research
Ans: B
96:-Which is the oldest teaching method given by the philosophy of idealism ?
A:-Lecture Method
B:-Project Method
C:-Problem solving Method
D:-Source Method
Ans: A
97. What is one tailed test of significance?
A:-testing the non directional hypothesis
B:-testing substantive hypothesis
C:-testing the null hypothesis
D:-testing directional hypothesis
Ans: D
98. A representative sample is
A:-a random selection of the population
B:-a sample that accurately reflects the entire population
C:-any suitable sample selected from the population
D:-all of the above
Ans: B
99:-The methods of statistics which is used to derive conclusion about the characteristics of the whole with the help of data is called
A:-Derivative statistics
B:-Descriptive statistics
C:-Narrative statistics
D:-None of them
Ans: A
100. The sampling technique generally used when the population is finite
A:-Purposive sampling
B:-Quota sampling
C:-Systematic sampling
D:-Simple random sampling
Correct Answer:- Option-C
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