INDIAN GEOGRAPHY

INDIAN GEOGRAPHY MCQs

1. The term ‘active layer’ is associated with
(A) Fluvial deposition
(B) Periglacial processes
(C) Plate tectonic
(D) Processess of soil formation
Ans: B

2. Which one of the following place will never get the vertical rays of the sun ?
A:-Srinagar
B:-Chandigarh
C:-Kolcutta
D:-Mumbai
Ans: A

3. Hydration process belongs to
(A) Physical and Biological processes
(B) Physical and Chemical processes
(C) Biological and Chemical processes
(D) Chemical processes
Ans: D

4. The minimum distance between the sun and earth occurs on
A:-July − 4
B:-June − 21
C:-December − 22
D:-January −3
Ans: D

5. What is the major wind related phenomenon responsible for summer drought in Mediterranean type of region ?
(A) Shifting of trade winds polewards in summers.
(B) Shifting of trade winds equatorwards in summers.
(C) Blowing of Westerlies from the continents in summers.
(D) Blowing South-Westerly.
Ans: A

6. Which one of the following is not a factor to affect the atmospheric pressure ?
(A) Altitude
(B) Presence of water vapour
(C) Temperature
(D) Rainfall
Ans: D

7. Find out the correct sequence of planetary winds found from the equator to pole.
(A) Westerlies, Trade, Polar wind
(B) Trade, Westerlies, Polar wind
(C) Trade, Polar wind, Westerlies
(D) Polar wind, Westerlies, Trade
Ans: B

8. The rain-fed and rain-shadow areas are the characteristics of the
(A) Cyclonic rainfall
(B) Convectional rainfall
(C) Orographic rainfall
(D) Thermal rainfall
Ans: C

9. Which of the following is not an airpollutant ?
A:-Carbon di-oxide
B:-Nitrogen gas
C:-Smoke
D:-Sulphur Dioxide
Ans: B

10:-Which of the following has maximum speed ?
A:-Sound
B:-Air
C:-Light
D:-Tornado
Ans: C

11. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select your answer from the codes given below :
Assertion (A) : Deforestation result in the increase of concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Reason (R) : Forests utilise carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis for manufacturing of food.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B

12. Aizawl is situated on which of the following river bank ?
A:-Meghna
B:-Irawadi
C:-Tlawng river
D:-Luni
Ans: C

13. The “wave-cut platform” is found in
(A) California coast
(B) Hokkaido coast
(C) Madagascar coast
(D) Malabar coast
Ans: A

14. The average depth of ‘equatorial-counter’ current is
(A) 50 m
(B) 100 m
(C) 150 m
(D) 200 m
Ans: B

15. The Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio Current move forcefully northward as a result of   (A) Western intensification
(B) Eastern intensification
(C) Northern intensification
(D) Southern intensification
Ans: A

16. “The Principles of Human Geography” was authored by
(A) E. Huntington
(B) H.H. Borrow
(C) F. Ratzel
(D) E.C. Semple
Ans: A

17. The term ‘Cosmography’ was coined by
(A) Mackinder Halford J.
(B) Humbolt
(C) Kant Emmanuel
(D) Ptolemy
Ans: B

18. Ayodhya situates on the bank of which of the following rivers?
A:-Ganga
B:-Yamuna
C:-Soan
D:-Sarayu
Ans: D

19. The concept of ‘Spread’ and ‘Backwash’ effects was introduced by
(A) A.O. Hirschman
(B) Gunnar Myrdal
(C) Gunder Frank
(D) Sameer Amin
Ans: B

20. The philosophical view advocating that man is responsible for making his own nature is known as
(A) Positivism
(B) Functionalism
(C) Existentialism
(D) Pragmatism
Ans: A

21. Eastern most point of India is ___________
(A) Indira Point (B) Cape Comerine (C) Indira Col (D) Kibithu
Ans: D

22. ___________ is the only Indian State through which the Indus flows.
(A) Jammu Kashmir (B) Gujarat (C) Rajasthan (D) Haryana
Ans: A

23. Which State in India has recorded the lowest growth rate during 2001-2011 Census ? (A) Kerala
(B) West Bengal
(C) Rajasthan
(D) Bihar
Ans: A

24. Read Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and find the correct answer from the codes given below :
Assertion (A) : The very high population density of more than 400 persons / km2 extends from upper Indus-Satlaj-Ganga Brahmaputra Valley and Delta.
Reason (R) : This phenomena is attributed to rich alluvial soils, flat land, rice and          wheat cultivation, irrigation facilities and favourable climatic conditions.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct.
Ans: A

25. The Haldikhat Pass is part of which mountain range?
A:-Aravally range
B:-Western Ghats
C:-Eastern Ghats
D:-Himalayan Ranges
Ans: A

26. Among the following natural resources which resource is providing more livelihood to the people ?
(A) Water (B) Land (C) Forest (D) Mineral
Ans: B

27. Which one of the following factors is more crucial for agricultural development ?
(A) Tractors (B) Fertilizers (C) Irrigation (D) Gentle slope
Ans: D

28. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select your answer from the codes given below :
Assertion (A) : China has the very fast growing economy of the world.
Reason (R) : China has rich mineral resources and huge diversified labour force.
Codes :
(A) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(B) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not correct explanation.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation.
Ans: D

29. What is the ideal minimum temperature for growth of sugarcane ?
(A) 10 °C (B) 15 °C (C) 20 °C (D) 25 °C
Ans: C

30. Who developed the technique to measure the agricultural efficiency ?
(A) S.S. Bhatia (B) R.L. Singh (C) S.M. Rafiullah (D) L.D. Stamp
Ans: A

31. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select your answer from the codes given below :
Assertion (A) : Panchayati Raj Act empowered local bodies participation in planning process.
Reason (R) : Panchayati Raj institutions are having three tier systems in planning and executing development projects within their jurisdiction.
Codes :
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.
(B) (A) is false, but (R) is correct.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct explanation of (A).
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Ans: C

32. Who propounded the Heartland Theory used in political geography ?
(A) Alfred Mackinder (B) O.H.K. Spate (C) Arthur Geddes (D) J.A. Steers
Ans: A

33. What do you mean by ‘Lebensraum’ in political geography ?
(A) Dead space (B) Living space (C) Administrative unit (D) Religious organisation
Ans: B

34. Which one of the following factors affecting more at present to the voting behaviour in India ?
(A) Development (B) Caste system (C) Religion base (D) Old base of political parties
Ans: A

35. Which of the following names of shifting cultivation in Orissa is correct ?
(A) Podu (B) Bewar (C) Pendo (D) Jhum
Ans: A

36. India has been divided into 13 Macro Planning regions. Which of the following authors have delineated planning regions of India ?
(A) P. Sen Gupta and Sadasyuk Gailina
(B) R.P. Mishra, K.V. Sundaram and V.L.S. Prakasa Rao
(C) L.S. Bhatta
(D) O.H.K. Spate & Learmonth
Ans: B

37. Which of the following geographers defined region as : “A geographic area unified culturally, unified at first economically and later by consensus of thought, education, recreation etc. which distinguishes it from other areas.” ?
(A) Vidal de la Blache
(B) A.J. Herbertson
(C) R.E. Dickinson
(D) K. Young
Ans: D

38. ‘The Eardkunde’ was published in the year 1817. Which one of the following authored the book ?
(A) O. Peschel (B) Carl Ritter (C) W.M. Davis (D) G. Taylor
Ans: B

39. Regional Imbalances of Economic development largely affected by which of the following factors ?
(A) Regional disparity in resources
(B) Lesser resource utilization
(C) Lack of education
(D) Lesser demand of the people
Ans: A

40. The coldest place in India is ___________.
(A) Drass Valley (B) Shimla     (C) Kashmir (D) Kodaikanal
Ans: A

41. The Pir Panjal range lies in
(A) Outer Himalayas (B) Trans Himalayas (C) Greater Himalayas (D) Middle Himalayas
Ans: D

42. North-east monsoon is commonly known as
(A) Graphic rainfall (B) October heat (C) Cherri Blossom (D) Mango shower
Ans: B

43. Which one of the following statements indicates the chief characteristics of the Policentric city ?
(A) Circumferential urban beltway
(B) Replacing sub-urban to urban
(C) All roads lead to downtown
(D) Many downtowns
Ans: D

44. Which one of the following number of states is correct for ‘Empowered Action-Group States’ of India ?
(A) 5 (B) 12 (C) 8 (D) 16
Ans: C

45. Find the sequence of higher to lower rainfall from the following areas of India :
i. Ganga Delta
ii. Sahyadri
iii. Eastern U.P.
iv. Northern Gujarat
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) ii, i, iii, iv
(C) iii, iv, ii, I
(D) iv, iii, ii, i
Ans: B

46. Which one of the following statistical techniques involves a large number of variables to be summarised into smaller dimensions ?
(A) Chi-square
(B) Correlation
(C) Factor Analysis
(D) Regression
Ans: C

47. Which one of the following averages is not a measure of central tendency ?
(A) Harmonic mean
(B) Geographic mean centre
(C) Geometric mean
(D) Arithmetic mean
Ans: B

48. Red colour of the ‘red soil’ is due to the high concentration of ___________.
(A) Calcium oxide (B) Aluminium oxide (C) Iron oxide (D) Sodium chloride
Ans: C

49. Which one of the following diagrams is most suitable for depicting the distribution of urban land-use types of spatially spread urban centres ?
(A) Histogram
(B) Sphere
(C) Bar
(D) Pie
Ans: D

50. A map with the scale of 1/50,000 is enlarged to 5-times, which one of the following scales is correct for the enlarged map ?
(A) 1/250,000
(B) 1/100,000
(C) 1/10,000
(D) 1/2,500
Ans: C

51. Egg bowl of India is ___________.
(A) Kerala (B) Assam (C) Andhra Pradesh (D) Arunachal Pradesh
Ans: C

52. The valleys which drain in the same direction as the original consequent drainage but at the lower topographic levels and have developed with respect to new base levels are known as
(A) Resequent (B) Obsequent (C) Insequent (D) SubsequentAns: A
53. The concept of ‘base level erosion’ was proposed by
(A) Davis (B) Malott (C) Johnson (D) Powell
Ans: D
54. The main occupation of the Gonds is
(A) Food gathering (B) Forestry (C) Hunting (D) Cultivation
Ans: D

55. Which one of the following is largest in areal extent ?
(A) Cultural realm (B) Cultural region (C) Cultural landscape (D) Cultural point
Ans: A

56. What among the following is the correct sequence of the three stages through which a new boundary under most conditions is determined ?
(A) Delimitation, demarcation, allocation
(B) Allocation, delimitation, demarcation
(C) Demarcation, delimitation, allocation
(D) Allocation, demarcation, delimitation
Ans: B

57. Which one of the following is not usually considered an indicator of social well being ? (A) Infant mortality (B) Female literacy (C) Availability of potable water (D) Crime
Ans: D

58. Who among the following was an advocate of export based model ?
(A) Alonso (B) Kuklinski (C) Perroux (D) North
Ans: D

59. The Vale of Kashmir is the only level strip of land in the Himalayas. Which river has laid its deposits to form this level plain ?
(A) Ravi (B) Sutlej (C) Beas (D) Jhelum
Ans: D

60. In which of the following States of India women outnumber men ?
(A) Uttar Pradesh (B) Karnataka (C) Haryana (D) Kerala
Ans: D

61. Given below are the two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The velocity of moving ice increases with steepness of slope of the area and thickness of glacial ice.
Reason (R) : The velocity decreases to the sides owing to lesser depth of ice and friction against the valley walls and the bottom floor. In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct ?
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true. Ans: B

62. About 85 percent of the total iron ore production of India is from :
(A) Jharkhand and Orissa (B) Karnataka and Orissa (C) Bihar and Madhya Pradesh (D) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
Ans: B

63. The normal cycle of erosion is associated with
(A) Marine erosion (B) Wind erosion (C) River erosion (D) Glacial erosionAns: C

64. In the sub-continent of India, the region frequently affected by tropical cyclones is the (A) Gujarat coast (B) Coromandel coast (C) Konkan coast (D) Malabar coast
Ans: B

65. Which of the following regions/areas is not affected by the monsoon of the Arabian Sea branch ?
(A) Western Ghat (B) Deccan Plateau (C) Madhya Pradesh (D) Punjab Plain
Ans: D

66. The heights of individual points on topographical maps are indicated by :
(A) Spot height only (B) Benchmark only (C) Triangulation point only (D) All of the above
Ans: D

67. The broadest part of the Himalayas lies in
(A) Himachal Pradesh (B) Arunachal Pradesh (C) Jammu & Kashmir (D) Nagaland
Ans: C

68. Which of the following groups of scholars stressed the role of lateral erosion by streams in the formation of pediments ?
(A) Mc. Gee, Paige, Blackwelder
(B) Mc Gee, Blackwelder, Johnson
(C) Paige, Blackwelder, Johnson
(D) Paige, Johnson, Lawson
Ans: C

69. Which of the following is not a topographic evidence of rejuvenation in landscape ?
(A) Incised meanders
(B) Structural benches
(C) Paired valley terraces
(D) Multi-cyclic valley
Ans: B

70. If point A is at 230 m and point B at 570 m elevations from mean sea level with a horizontal equivalent of 2.0 km, which one of the following gradients is correct between these two points ?
(A) 0.7 percent (B) 7.0 percent (C) 17.0 percent (D) 27.0 percent
Ans: C

71. Which one of the following techniques is not suitable for showing urban population on the map ?
(A) Circles (B) Divided circles (C) Spheres (D) Hachures
Ans: D

72. Which one of the following statements is not correct ?
(A) Contour maps are isopleth maps.
(B) Isopleths are lines of equal value.
(C) Isopleth technique always takes administrative boundaries into account.
(D) Isopleth technique is suitable for continuous data.
Ans: C

73. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
1. Deserts, marshes and hilly tracts are known as the negative areas of population.
2. Dot method is the best technique to show the distribution of population.
3. Dot method can be used to show age and sex composition.
4. The dot map cannot be transferred into isopleth.
Codes :
(A) only 1 and 3 are correct.
(B) 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
(C) 1, 2 and 4 are correct.
(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.
Ans: C

74. Which of the following is most suitable to show the unequality in the distribution ?
(A) Lorenz curve (B) Bar graph (C) Circle diagram (D) Isopleth
Ans: A

75. Which one of the following is the correct geometric mean of the data set : 0,50,100,100,150,250,450,500 ?
(A) 125 (B) 100 (C) 200 (D) 0
Ans: D

76. Which of the following types of clouds appears at the highest level in the sky ?
(A) Alto – cumulus (B) Cirro-cumulus (C) Cumulo-nimbus (D) Strato-cumulus
Ans: B

77. Atmospheric temperature decreases with height in the troposphere because
(A) Air at higher altitude is less dense
(B) Solar radiation is less at higher level
(C) There are more atmospheric gases at higher altitudes
(D) The atmosphere is heated by radiation from the surface
Ans: D

78. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?
(A) Foehn         : Warm dry winds moving down the Alps
(B) Mistral       : Cold wind blowing from Alps over France
(C) Santa Ana : Warm dry wind moving down Appalachian
(D) Bora           : Cold winds experienced along the eastern coast of the Adriatic sea
Ans: C

79. Which one of the following gases is not a natural element of the atmosphere ?
(A) Krepton (B) Argon (C) Chloroflurocarbon (D) Water vapour
Ans: C

80. In Koppen’s classification of climate, the symbol Aw refers to
(A) Tropical Savanna climate (B) Monsoon climate (C) Tropical Rainforest climate (D) Steppe climate
Ans: A

81. The strongest winds in a hurricane are found in
(A) the eye of the hurricane
(B) the spiral bands of thunderstorm
(C) the eye wall of the hurricane
(D) the easterly waves
Ans: C

82. Which one of the following characterizes paternoster lake ?
(A) A lake of volcanic origin
(B) A shallow stretch of water separated from the sea
(C) A crescent shaped lake formed due to cut-off of a river meander
(D) Lake formed on glacial stairways
Ans: D

83. Thornthwaite’s modified climatic classification is based on the concept of :
(A) Effective temperature
(B) Precipitation index
(C) Potential evapotranspiration
(D) Potential precipitation
Ans: C

84. Selva forests are
(A) Broad leaf evergreen forests
(B) Broad leaf deciduous forests
(C) Coniferous evergreen forests
(D) Coniferous deciduous forests
Ans: A

85. The specific place of an organism in an ecosystem is called as :
(A) Niche
(B) Autotroph
(C) Trophic level
(D) Food Pyramid
Ans: A

86. Which of the following is referred to as producer in marine ecosystem ?
(A) Small fish
(B) Fungi
(C) Zooplanktons
(D) Phytoplankton
Ans: D

87. Saline soils are the results of
(A) very high precipitation and leaching of the soil
(B) high rate of evaporation and very little leaching of the soil.
(C) high precipitation and very little leaching of the soil
(D) all the above
Ans: B

88. “There is no holiday for vegetation – growth is rapid, uninterrupted and continuous.” This statement applies to
(A) Taiga region (B) Monsoon region (C) Mediterranean region (D) Rainy tropics
Ans: D

89. The largest variety of plants and animals is found in the
(A) Temperate forests (B) Monsoon forests (C) Tropical forests (D) Tropical grassland
Ans: C

90. Which one of the following statements about salinity is not correct ?
(A) Salinity is directly related to precipitation
(B) There exists a direct relationship between the rate of evaporation and salinity (
C) Low salinity is found near the mouth of a river
(D) The salinity is highest at the tropics and decreases towards poles and equator
Ans: A

91.The origin of the ocean currents is related to
(A) Gravitational force (B) Winds (C) Salinity and density (D) All of the above
Ans: D

92. Schaefer was in favour of :
(A) Exceptionalism (B) Idiography (C) Areal differentiation (D) Scientific generalization
Ans: D

93. Which of the following principles does not belong to logical positivism ?
(A) Principle of causation (B) Structuralism (C) Behaviourism (D) Functionalism
Ans: C

94. Which of the following matches is not correct ?
Author -Book
(A) William Bunge- Theoretical Geography
(B) David Harvey -Social Well being : A Spatial Perspective
(C) David Smith -Human Geography : A Welfare Approach
(D) R. Peet -Modern Geographical Thought
Ans: B

95. The statement that “Egypt is the gift of the river Nile” is attributed to
(A) Aristotle (B) Herodotus (C) Strabo (D) Seneca
Ans: B

96.Who among the following pleaded that history be treated geographically and geography be treated historically ?
(A) Homer (B) Thales (C) Hecataeus (D) Herodotus
Ans: D

97. Who among the following Arab scholars made corrections to Ptolemy’s book ?
(A) Al-Masudi (B) Al-Idrisi (C) Ibn-Khaldun (D) Ibn-Batuta
Ans: B

98. Which one of the following is the philosophical basis of quantitative revolution ?
(A) Existentialism (B) Idealism (C) Phenomenology (D) Positivism
Ans: D

99.The concept of paradigm was propounded by
(A) Kant (B) Peet (C) Kuhn (D) Haggett
Ans: C

100. Who among the following wanted to develop ‘Universal Science’ encompassing all aspects of knowledge ?
(A) Humboldt (B) Ritter (C) Recluse (D) Guyot
Ans: A