GEOLOGY
UPSC Geology MCQs
GEOLOGY MCQs
1. A geologic mountain building event caused by Late Palaeozoic continental collision between Euramerica (Laurussia) and Gondwana to form the supercontinent of Pangaea
A:-Alpine Orogeny
B:-Variscan Orogeny
C:-Caledonian Orogeny
D:-Acadian Orogeny
Correct Answer:- Option-B
2. The diamond pipes of South Africa and the Uranium minerals in the Singhbhum granites of Jaduguda, Bihar are best examples of _________ type of deposits.
A:-Segragation
B:-Dissemination
C:-Sublimation
D:-Injection
Correct Answer:- Option-B
3. Underground water that occurs within the zone of aeration is called
A:-Juvenile water
B:-Phreatic water
C:-Vadose water
D:-Gravitational water
Correct Answer:- Option-C
4. The theory of 'cycle of erosion' in Geomorphology is credited to which of the following persons?
A:-Pierre Perrault
B:-Walther Penck
C:-William Morris Davis
D:-Lester Charles King
Correct Answer:- Option-C
5. The maximum number of axis of symmetry possible in a crystal
A:-9
B:-12
C:-10
D:-13
Correct Answer:- Option-D
6. The metamorphic facies considered as a transition between diagenesis and regional metamorphism.
A:-Zeolite facies
B:-Ecologic facies
C:-Sanidinite facies
D:-Greenschist facies
Correct Answer:- Option-A
7. The greatest period of coal formation in India
A:-Palaeogene
B:-Carboniferous
C:-Permain
D:-Cretaceous
Correct Answer:- Option-C
8. A horizontal tunnel made parallel to the strike of the lode or vein of mineralization, which can be located in the country rock also either on the foot wall side of the lode or in the hanging wall side of the lode.
A:-Drive
B:-Winze
C:-Stope
D:-Adit
Correct Answer:- Option-A
9. In optical mineralogy, an ellipsoid with the three major semi-axes are denoted as `n_(alpha)` , `n_(beta)` and `n_(gamma)`, where ```n_(alpha)>n_(beta)>n_(gamma)` and whose three principal sections are ellipses is called
A:-Isotropic Indicatrix
B:-Uniaxial Indicatrix
C:-Biaxial Indicatrix
D:-Triaxial Indicatrix
Correct Answer:- Option-C
10. ___________ streams drain in the opposite direction to the original consequent streams.
A:-Resequent
B:-Obsequent
C:-Antecedent
D:-Subsequent
Correct Answer:- Option-B
11. The type of remote sensing characteristic of the 0.1-100 cm wavelength band of the electromagnetic spectrum.
A:-Visible remote sensing
B:-Optical remote sensing
C:-Thermal Infra-red remote sensing
D:-Microwave remote sensing
Correct Answer:- Option-D
12. The Milankovitch theory is related to which of the following stratigraphic techniques?
A:-Cyclostratigraphy
B:-Sequence stratigraphy
C:-Chemostratigraphy
D:-Magnetostratigraphy
Correct Answer:- Option-A
13. Match the following and find the correct answer.
(a) Chitravati Group (1) Gulcheru Quartzite
(b) Kistna Group (2) Bairenkonda Quartzite
(c) Papaghni Group (3) Srisailam Quartzite
(d) Nallamalai Group (4) Banganapalle Quartzite
(e) Kurnool Group (5) Pulivendla Quartzite
A:-a-4, b-2, c-3, d-5, e-1
B:-a-5, b-3, c-2, d-4, e-1
C:-a-5, b-3, c-1, d-2, e-4
D:-a-3, b-5, c-2, d-1, e-4
Correct Answer:- Option-C
14. Which of the following statement related to graptolites is correct?
A:-Order Graptoloidea were benthonic and Order Dendroidea were planktonic
B:-Only the planktonic graptolites are sufficiently numerous and widespread to have biostratigrahic value
C:-Graptolites are important index fossils for dating Mesozoic rocks
D:-Graptolite fossils are richest in rocks formed on the outer parts of continental slopes
Correct Answer:- Option-B
15. Which of the following types of faults are related to Schuppen structures?
A:-Thrust faults
B:-Reverse faults
C:-Normal faults
D:-Enechelon faults
Correct Answer:- Option-A
16. The system of classification of igneous rocks based primarily on the silica saturation principle, according to which "certain minerals cannot exist in the presence of free silica".
A:-CIPW classification
B:-Rosenbuch's classification
C:-IUGS classification
D:-Shand's classification
Correct Answer:- Option-D
17. The metamorphic structure produced by thermal metamorphism of argillaceous rocks, which is chracterized by spotted apperarnce due to the development of equi-dimensional minerals and porphyroblasts of andalusite, cordierite, biotite, chloritoid, etc.
A:-Maculose structure
B:-Gneissose structure
C:-Granulose structure
D:-Cataclastic structure
Correct Answer:- Option-A
18. A helpful guide in geochemical prospecting in assessing the relative values of the various elements present and which tells about the amount of a particular element present in the parent rock not affected by dispersion or migration.
A:-Threshold value
B:-Anomalous value
C:-Background value
D:-Leakage value
Correct Answer:- Option-C
19. The typical crystal form in Isometric system, which is bounded by 12 faces, each of which is a pentagon but with one edge longer than the other four similar edges.
A:-Trapezohedron
B:-Diploid
C:-Dodecahedron
D:-Pyritohedron
Correct Answer:- Option-D
20. Under which category do the Radiolarian and Diatomaceous oozes come?
A:-Calcareous organic deposits
B:-Siliceous organic deposits
C:-Phosphatic organic deposits
D:-Carbonaceous organic deposits
Correct Answer:- Option-B
21. The other name for non-spatial data in GIS
A:-Attribute data
B:-Vector data
C:-Raster data
D:-Geographic data
Correct Answer:- Option-A
22. Which of the following environmental impacts of mining and quarrying has large scale effects on the hydrosphere?
A:-Land degradation
B:-Acid mine drainage
C:-Deforestation
D:-Air pollution
Correct Answer:- Option-B
23. Which of the following systems of ranking of streams tells us that stream orders do not reflect any increments except approximate doubling of the discharge, assuming that streams of the same order in the same drainage basin are approximately equal in discharge?
A:-Horton' system
B:-Shreve's system
C:-Leopold's system
D:-Strahler's system
Correct Answer:- Option-D
24. The stratigraphic succession that has provided the Markrana Marbles, the exellernt building stones used in the construction of the Taj Mahal at Agra.
A:-Aravalli Group
B:-Ajabgarh Group
C:-Raialo Group
D:-Gwalior Group
Correct Answer:- Option-C
25. Which of the following descriptions is correct for a brachiopod shell?
A:-Inequilateral and unequal
B:-Equilateral and unequal
C:-Equilateral and equal
D:-Inequilateral and equal
Correct Answer:- Option-B
26. What is the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain called?
A:-Poisson's ratio
B:-Bulk modulus
C:-Rigidity modulus
D:-Rheidity ratio
Correct Answer:- Option-A
27. Petrofabric analysis of rocks involves the study of mostly __________ minerals.
A:-Isotropic
B:-Uniaxial
C:-Biaxial
D:-Tabular/Bladed
Correct Answer:- Option-B
28. A sedimentary deposit that exhibits extraordinary fossil richness or completeness with exceptional preservation, sometimes including preserved soft tissues.
A:-Biozone
B:-Lagerstätte
C:-Hemera
D:-Epibole
Correct Answer:- Option-B
29. The largest felsic volcanic province of India.
A:-Maleri Volcanic Suite
B:-Dras Volcanics
C:-Deccan Basalt Province
D:-Malani Igneous Suite
Correct Answer:- Option-D
30. The chemical weathering process which is responsible for the conversion of potash feldspar (orthoclase) in the rocks to clay mineral and colloidal silica.
A:-Hydrolysis
B:-Hydration
C:-Oxidation
D:-Solution
Correct Answer:- Option-A
31. The Kerala coast is described as a __________ coast, falling under the 'Terrigenous coast of primarily morphologic disequilibrium'.
A:-Dalmation
B:-Divergent
C:-Submergent
D:-Emergent
Correct Answer:- Option-C
32. In the concept of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM), which of the following comes at the top of the hierarchy?
A:-Disposal
B:-Reduction
C:-Reuse
D:-Recovery
Correct Answer:- Option-B
33. Which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT?
A:-A perched aquifer is a special type of unconfined aquifer
B:-Confined aquifers are also known as pressure aquifers
C:-The water level in a well penetrating a confined aquifer defines the elevation of the piezometric surface at that point
D:-Pumping from a well in a leaky aquifer removes water by only horizontal flow within the aquifer
Correct Answer:- Option-D
34. The system of geochronological dating that has been very valuable in studying the oldest components of the continental crust because of its survival through various alteration processes.
A:-Sm-Nd system
B:-Rb-Sr system
C:-K-Ar system
D:-U-Pb system
Correct Answer:- Option-A
35. The typical texture exhibited by lamprophytes
A:-Rapakivi texture
B:-Panidiomorphic texture
C:-Ophitic texture
D:-Poikilitic texture
Correct Answer:- Option-B
36. Which of the following is the correct sequence of Barrowian zones according to the increasing grade of metamorphism?
A:-Biotite zone → Garnet zone → Chlorite zone → Kyanite zone → Sillimanite zone → Staurolite zone
B:-Chlorite zone → Biotite zone → Sillimanite zone → Garnet zone → Staurolite zone → Kyanite zone
C:-Sillimanite zone → Chlorite zone → Biotite zone → Kyanite zone → Garnet zone → Staurolite zone
D:-Chlorite zone → Biotite zone → Garnet zone → Staurolite zone → Kyanite zone → Sillimanite zone
Correct Answer:- Option-D
37. The mouth of most echinoids is provided with five hard teeth arranged in a circlet forming an apparatus known as ___________.
A:-Cranidium
B:-Escutcheon
C:-Aristotle's lantern
D:-Apical disc
Correct Answer:- Option-C
38. The oldest gneiss in Western Dharwar craton is a suite of trondhjemitic gneisses with associated tonalities and granodiorites known as
A:-Gorur Gneiss
B:-Peninsular Gneiss
C:-Champion Gneiss
D:-Tirodi Gneiss
Correct Answer:- Option-A
39. Match the following and choose the correct answer.
(1) Chevron fold (a) Concentric fold
(2) Box fold (b) Concertina fold
(3) Parallel fold (c) Nappe fold
(4) Recumbent fold (d) Coffer fold
A:-1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a
B:-1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
C:-1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b
D:-1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
Correct Answer:- Option-D
40. The storage coefficient of storativity for an unconfined aquifer corresponds to its
A:-Hydraulic conductivity
B:-Specific retention
C:-Specific yield
D:-Transmissivity
Correct Answer:- Option-C
41. The quality of groundwater samples falling in Area-7 of the diamond-shaped field of the Hill-Piper Trilinear diagram.
A:-Saline water
B:-Good water
C:-Relatively good water
D:-Hard water
Correct Answer:- Option-A
42. The capacity of a remote sensor to discriminate two targets based on its reflectance/ emittance difference
A:-Spectral resolution
B:-Temporal resolution
C:-Radiometric resolution
D:-Spatial resolution
Correct Answer:- Option-C
43. Which of the following is the correct order of precipitation of metallic sulphides according to increasing solubilities in the zone of supergene enrichment?
A:-Co, Pb, Ag, Cu, Zn
B:-Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co
C:-Cu, Zn, Ag, Co, Pb
D:-Pb, Ag, Cu, Co, Zn
Correct Answer:- Option-B
44. Which of the following mining methods is related to the recovery of metalliferous nodules or crust from the deep oceans?
A:-Breast stopping system
B:-Sluicing system
C:-Continuous line bucket system
D:-Drag line system
Correct Answer:- Option-C
45. In the five major petroliferous basins of India, hydrocarbon entrapment is mainly in the classic reservoirs except the
A:-Cambay Basin
B:-Krishna-Godavari Basin
C:-Cauvery Basin
D:-Bombay Offshore Basin
Correct Answer:- Option-D
46. Match the following and choose the correct answer.
Plant Indicators Element
(a) Ocimum centraliafricanum (1) Silver
(b) Eriogonum ovalifolium (2) Gold
(c) Viola calaminaria (3) Copper
(d) Equisetum avense (4) Zinc
A:-a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
B:-a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
C:-a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
D:-a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
Correct Answer:- Option-D
47. The type of mass wasting confined to channels
A:-Mudflow
B:-Earthflow
C:-Solifluction
D:-Debris slide
Correct Answer:- Option-A
48. Which of the following soils are the dominant soils of the humid temperate regions?
A:-Tundra soils
B:-Chernozems
C:-Laterite soils
D:-Podzols
Correct Answer:- Option-D
49. The X-ray spectrometer used for the investigation of crystal structure was first developed by
A:-W.H. Bragg and W.L. Bragg
B:-Friedrich and Knipping
C:-Auguste Bravais
D:-Debye and Scherrer
Correct Answer:- Option-A
50. A kind of metallic colour shown by non-metallic minerals like hypershenes in which a peculiar play of light appears when the minerals are examined so that their crystal faces or cleavage faces are at a particular angle to the incident illumination.
A:-Opalescence
B:-Iridescence
C:-Schillerization
D:-Phosphorescence
Correct Answer:- Option-C
A:-Alpine Orogeny
B:-Variscan Orogeny
C:-Caledonian Orogeny
D:-Acadian Orogeny
Correct Answer:- Option-B
2. The diamond pipes of South Africa and the Uranium minerals in the Singhbhum granites of Jaduguda, Bihar are best examples of _________ type of deposits.
A:-Segragation
B:-Dissemination
C:-Sublimation
D:-Injection
Correct Answer:- Option-B
3. Underground water that occurs within the zone of aeration is called
A:-Juvenile water
B:-Phreatic water
C:-Vadose water
D:-Gravitational water
Correct Answer:- Option-C
4. The theory of 'cycle of erosion' in Geomorphology is credited to which of the following persons?
A:-Pierre Perrault
B:-Walther Penck
C:-William Morris Davis
D:-Lester Charles King
Correct Answer:- Option-C
5. The maximum number of axis of symmetry possible in a crystal
A:-9
B:-12
C:-10
D:-13
Correct Answer:- Option-D
6. The metamorphic facies considered as a transition between diagenesis and regional metamorphism.
A:-Zeolite facies
B:-Ecologic facies
C:-Sanidinite facies
D:-Greenschist facies
Correct Answer:- Option-A
7. The greatest period of coal formation in India
A:-Palaeogene
B:-Carboniferous
C:-Permain
D:-Cretaceous
Correct Answer:- Option-C
8. A horizontal tunnel made parallel to the strike of the lode or vein of mineralization, which can be located in the country rock also either on the foot wall side of the lode or in the hanging wall side of the lode.
A:-Drive
B:-Winze
C:-Stope
D:-Adit
Correct Answer:- Option-A
9. In optical mineralogy, an ellipsoid with the three major semi-axes are denoted as `n_(alpha)` , `n_(beta)` and `n_(gamma)`, where ```n_(alpha)>n_(beta)>n_(gamma)` and whose three principal sections are ellipses is called
A:-Isotropic Indicatrix
B:-Uniaxial Indicatrix
C:-Biaxial Indicatrix
D:-Triaxial Indicatrix
Correct Answer:- Option-C
10. ___________ streams drain in the opposite direction to the original consequent streams.
A:-Resequent
B:-Obsequent
C:-Antecedent
D:-Subsequent
Correct Answer:- Option-B
11. The type of remote sensing characteristic of the 0.1-100 cm wavelength band of the electromagnetic spectrum.
A:-Visible remote sensing
B:-Optical remote sensing
C:-Thermal Infra-red remote sensing
D:-Microwave remote sensing
Correct Answer:- Option-D
12. The Milankovitch theory is related to which of the following stratigraphic techniques?
A:-Cyclostratigraphy
B:-Sequence stratigraphy
C:-Chemostratigraphy
D:-Magnetostratigraphy
Correct Answer:- Option-A
13. Match the following and find the correct answer.
(a) Chitravati Group (1) Gulcheru Quartzite
(b) Kistna Group (2) Bairenkonda Quartzite
(c) Papaghni Group (3) Srisailam Quartzite
(d) Nallamalai Group (4) Banganapalle Quartzite
(e) Kurnool Group (5) Pulivendla Quartzite
A:-a-4, b-2, c-3, d-5, e-1
B:-a-5, b-3, c-2, d-4, e-1
C:-a-5, b-3, c-1, d-2, e-4
D:-a-3, b-5, c-2, d-1, e-4
Correct Answer:- Option-C
14. Which of the following statement related to graptolites is correct?
A:-Order Graptoloidea were benthonic and Order Dendroidea were planktonic
B:-Only the planktonic graptolites are sufficiently numerous and widespread to have biostratigrahic value
C:-Graptolites are important index fossils for dating Mesozoic rocks
D:-Graptolite fossils are richest in rocks formed on the outer parts of continental slopes
Correct Answer:- Option-B
15. Which of the following types of faults are related to Schuppen structures?
A:-Thrust faults
B:-Reverse faults
C:-Normal faults
D:-Enechelon faults
Correct Answer:- Option-A
16. The system of classification of igneous rocks based primarily on the silica saturation principle, according to which "certain minerals cannot exist in the presence of free silica".
A:-CIPW classification
B:-Rosenbuch's classification
C:-IUGS classification
D:-Shand's classification
Correct Answer:- Option-D
17. The metamorphic structure produced by thermal metamorphism of argillaceous rocks, which is chracterized by spotted apperarnce due to the development of equi-dimensional minerals and porphyroblasts of andalusite, cordierite, biotite, chloritoid, etc.
A:-Maculose structure
B:-Gneissose structure
C:-Granulose structure
D:-Cataclastic structure
Correct Answer:- Option-A
18. A helpful guide in geochemical prospecting in assessing the relative values of the various elements present and which tells about the amount of a particular element present in the parent rock not affected by dispersion or migration.
A:-Threshold value
B:-Anomalous value
C:-Background value
D:-Leakage value
Correct Answer:- Option-C
19. The typical crystal form in Isometric system, which is bounded by 12 faces, each of which is a pentagon but with one edge longer than the other four similar edges.
A:-Trapezohedron
B:-Diploid
C:-Dodecahedron
D:-Pyritohedron
Correct Answer:- Option-D
20. Under which category do the Radiolarian and Diatomaceous oozes come?
A:-Calcareous organic deposits
B:-Siliceous organic deposits
C:-Phosphatic organic deposits
D:-Carbonaceous organic deposits
Correct Answer:- Option-B
21. The other name for non-spatial data in GIS
A:-Attribute data
B:-Vector data
C:-Raster data
D:-Geographic data
Correct Answer:- Option-A
22. Which of the following environmental impacts of mining and quarrying has large scale effects on the hydrosphere?
A:-Land degradation
B:-Acid mine drainage
C:-Deforestation
D:-Air pollution
Correct Answer:- Option-B
23. Which of the following systems of ranking of streams tells us that stream orders do not reflect any increments except approximate doubling of the discharge, assuming that streams of the same order in the same drainage basin are approximately equal in discharge?
A:-Horton' system
B:-Shreve's system
C:-Leopold's system
D:-Strahler's system
Correct Answer:- Option-D
24. The stratigraphic succession that has provided the Markrana Marbles, the exellernt building stones used in the construction of the Taj Mahal at Agra.
A:-Aravalli Group
B:-Ajabgarh Group
C:-Raialo Group
D:-Gwalior Group
Correct Answer:- Option-C
25. Which of the following descriptions is correct for a brachiopod shell?
A:-Inequilateral and unequal
B:-Equilateral and unequal
C:-Equilateral and equal
D:-Inequilateral and equal
Correct Answer:- Option-B
26. What is the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain called?
A:-Poisson's ratio
B:-Bulk modulus
C:-Rigidity modulus
D:-Rheidity ratio
Correct Answer:- Option-A
27. Petrofabric analysis of rocks involves the study of mostly __________ minerals.
A:-Isotropic
B:-Uniaxial
C:-Biaxial
D:-Tabular/Bladed
Correct Answer:- Option-B
28. A sedimentary deposit that exhibits extraordinary fossil richness or completeness with exceptional preservation, sometimes including preserved soft tissues.
A:-Biozone
B:-Lagerstätte
C:-Hemera
D:-Epibole
Correct Answer:- Option-B
29. The largest felsic volcanic province of India.
A:-Maleri Volcanic Suite
B:-Dras Volcanics
C:-Deccan Basalt Province
D:-Malani Igneous Suite
Correct Answer:- Option-D
30. The chemical weathering process which is responsible for the conversion of potash feldspar (orthoclase) in the rocks to clay mineral and colloidal silica.
A:-Hydrolysis
B:-Hydration
C:-Oxidation
D:-Solution
Correct Answer:- Option-A
31. The Kerala coast is described as a __________ coast, falling under the 'Terrigenous coast of primarily morphologic disequilibrium'.
A:-Dalmation
B:-Divergent
C:-Submergent
D:-Emergent
Correct Answer:- Option-C
32. In the concept of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM), which of the following comes at the top of the hierarchy?
A:-Disposal
B:-Reduction
C:-Reuse
D:-Recovery
Correct Answer:- Option-B
33. Which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT?
A:-A perched aquifer is a special type of unconfined aquifer
B:-Confined aquifers are also known as pressure aquifers
C:-The water level in a well penetrating a confined aquifer defines the elevation of the piezometric surface at that point
D:-Pumping from a well in a leaky aquifer removes water by only horizontal flow within the aquifer
Correct Answer:- Option-D
34. The system of geochronological dating that has been very valuable in studying the oldest components of the continental crust because of its survival through various alteration processes.
A:-Sm-Nd system
B:-Rb-Sr system
C:-K-Ar system
D:-U-Pb system
Correct Answer:- Option-A
35. The typical texture exhibited by lamprophytes
A:-Rapakivi texture
B:-Panidiomorphic texture
C:-Ophitic texture
D:-Poikilitic texture
Correct Answer:- Option-B
36. Which of the following is the correct sequence of Barrowian zones according to the increasing grade of metamorphism?
A:-Biotite zone → Garnet zone → Chlorite zone → Kyanite zone → Sillimanite zone → Staurolite zone
B:-Chlorite zone → Biotite zone → Sillimanite zone → Garnet zone → Staurolite zone → Kyanite zone
C:-Sillimanite zone → Chlorite zone → Biotite zone → Kyanite zone → Garnet zone → Staurolite zone
D:-Chlorite zone → Biotite zone → Garnet zone → Staurolite zone → Kyanite zone → Sillimanite zone
Correct Answer:- Option-D
37. The mouth of most echinoids is provided with five hard teeth arranged in a circlet forming an apparatus known as ___________.
A:-Cranidium
B:-Escutcheon
C:-Aristotle's lantern
D:-Apical disc
Correct Answer:- Option-C
38. The oldest gneiss in Western Dharwar craton is a suite of trondhjemitic gneisses with associated tonalities and granodiorites known as
A:-Gorur Gneiss
B:-Peninsular Gneiss
C:-Champion Gneiss
D:-Tirodi Gneiss
Correct Answer:- Option-A
39. Match the following and choose the correct answer.
(1) Chevron fold (a) Concentric fold
(2) Box fold (b) Concertina fold
(3) Parallel fold (c) Nappe fold
(4) Recumbent fold (d) Coffer fold
A:-1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a
B:-1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
C:-1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b
D:-1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
Correct Answer:- Option-D
40. The storage coefficient of storativity for an unconfined aquifer corresponds to its
A:-Hydraulic conductivity
B:-Specific retention
C:-Specific yield
D:-Transmissivity
Correct Answer:- Option-C
41. The quality of groundwater samples falling in Area-7 of the diamond-shaped field of the Hill-Piper Trilinear diagram.
A:-Saline water
B:-Good water
C:-Relatively good water
D:-Hard water
Correct Answer:- Option-A
42. The capacity of a remote sensor to discriminate two targets based on its reflectance/ emittance difference
A:-Spectral resolution
B:-Temporal resolution
C:-Radiometric resolution
D:-Spatial resolution
Correct Answer:- Option-C
43. Which of the following is the correct order of precipitation of metallic sulphides according to increasing solubilities in the zone of supergene enrichment?
A:-Co, Pb, Ag, Cu, Zn
B:-Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co
C:-Cu, Zn, Ag, Co, Pb
D:-Pb, Ag, Cu, Co, Zn
Correct Answer:- Option-B
44. Which of the following mining methods is related to the recovery of metalliferous nodules or crust from the deep oceans?
A:-Breast stopping system
B:-Sluicing system
C:-Continuous line bucket system
D:-Drag line system
Correct Answer:- Option-C
45. In the five major petroliferous basins of India, hydrocarbon entrapment is mainly in the classic reservoirs except the
A:-Cambay Basin
B:-Krishna-Godavari Basin
C:-Cauvery Basin
D:-Bombay Offshore Basin
Correct Answer:- Option-D
46. Match the following and choose the correct answer.
Plant Indicators Element
(a) Ocimum centraliafricanum (1) Silver
(b) Eriogonum ovalifolium (2) Gold
(c) Viola calaminaria (3) Copper
(d) Equisetum avense (4) Zinc
A:-a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
B:-a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
C:-a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
D:-a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
Correct Answer:- Option-D
47. The type of mass wasting confined to channels
A:-Mudflow
B:-Earthflow
C:-Solifluction
D:-Debris slide
Correct Answer:- Option-A
48. Which of the following soils are the dominant soils of the humid temperate regions?
A:-Tundra soils
B:-Chernozems
C:-Laterite soils
D:-Podzols
Correct Answer:- Option-D
49. The X-ray spectrometer used for the investigation of crystal structure was first developed by
A:-W.H. Bragg and W.L. Bragg
B:-Friedrich and Knipping
C:-Auguste Bravais
D:-Debye and Scherrer
Correct Answer:- Option-A
50. A kind of metallic colour shown by non-metallic minerals like hypershenes in which a peculiar play of light appears when the minerals are examined so that their crystal faces or cleavage faces are at a particular angle to the incident illumination.
A:-Opalescence
B:-Iridescence
C:-Schillerization
D:-Phosphorescence
Correct Answer:- Option-C
51. The elements having a strong affinity for silicates are called
A:-Chalcophile elements
B:-Lithophile elements
C:-Atmospheric elements
D:-Siderophile elements
Correct Answer:- Option-B
52. The measures taken to reduce both the effect of natural hazards and to reduce the scale of intensity of a forthcoming disaster.
A:-Response
B:-Recovery
C:-Mitigation
D:-Preparedness
Correct Answer:- Option-C
53. The type mineral of Normal Class of Orthorhombic system
A:-Baryte
B:-Calcite
C:-Gypsum
D:-Beryl
Correct Answer:- Option-A
54. Which of the following is the correct hierarchical order of increasing abundance of the most common elements
of the continental crust of the earth?
A:-Fe → Ca → Al → O → Si
B:-Al → O → Fe → Si → Ca
C:-Si → Al → Fe → Ca → O
D:-Ca → Fe → Al → Si → O
Correct Answer:- Option-D
55. Inequigranular alkali peridotites containing rounded and corroded phenocrysts of olivine, phlogopite, Mg-rich ilmenite and pyrope in a fine grained matrix of olivine, phlogopite, serpentine, perovskite, spinel, calcite and/or dolomite.
A:-Lherzolites
B:-Carbonatites
C:-Komatites
D:-Kimberlites
Correct Answer:- Option-D
56. Sandstone with abundance of feldspar usually derived from the disintegration of granite
A:-Greywacke
B:-Arenite
C:-Arkose
D:-Ganister
Correct Answer:- Option-C
57. Who among the following established the term 'Ordovician' for the geological period of Palaeozoic Era?
A:-Roderick Murchison
B:-Adam Sedgwick
C:-J.D. Dana
D:-Charles Lapworth
Correct Answer:- Option-D
58. The famous Panna diamond field in India is situated in the country of rocks belonging to
A:-Kaimur Group
B:-Rewa Group
C:-Semri Group
D:-Bhander Group
Correct Answer:- Option-B
59. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A:-RADAR is a type of passive remote sensing system
B:-Along-track scanner is also known as Push-broom scanner
C:-SPOT is the earth observation satellite launched by NASA
D:-The first operational earth observation remote sensing satellite of India is Aryabhatta
Correct Answer:- Option-B
60. If groundwater is extracted at a rate exceeding the recharge in a groundwater basin, it will result in
A:-Mining yield
B:-Specific yield
C:-Safe yield
D:-Perennial yield
Correct Answer:- Option-A
61. Which of the following water well construction methods is best suited for silt, sand, gravel less than 5 cm and
soft to hard consolidate rock formations?
A:-Rotary percussion method
B:-Reverse circulation rotary method
C:-Cable tool method
D:-Jetted well method
Correct Answer:- Option-A
62. The type of ore dressing or mineral processing that refers to particle size reduction
A:-Sizing
B:-Concentration
C:-Dewatering
D:-Communition
Correct Answer:- Option-D
63. A medium grained metamorphic rock consisting mainly of omphacite and pyrope
A:-Khondalite
B:-Eclogite
C:-Hornfels
D:-Amphibolite
Correct Answer:- Option-B
64. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
A:-Warkalli Beds : Palaeocene
B:-Niniyur Beds : Early Cretaceous
C:-Bagh Beds : Late Cretaceous
D:-Lameta Beds : Late Jurassic
Correct Answer:- Option-C
65. The sediment filled troughs formed by normal faulting in the early stages of spreading of a Mid-Oceanic Ridge
A:-Sinks
B:-Triple junctions
C:-Aulacogens
D:-Arc-Trenches
Correct Answer:- Option-C
66. One of the best methods for the accurate determination of the degree of hardness of minerals is by the use of an instrument called
A:-Pycnometer
B:-Sclerometer
C:-Pyrometer
D:-Lysimeter
Correct Answer:- Option-B
67. The equivalents of Wayanad Group of rocks of Kerala stratigraphy in the Dharwar craton
A:-Chitradurga group
B:-Sargur group
C:-Bababudan group
D:-Peninsular Gneissic complex
Correct Answer:- Option-B
68. Which of the following statements related to the Bowen's Reaction Series is CORRECT?
A:-Reactions between crystals and melt occur only during certain portions of the cooling sequence in the series
B:-The minerals that occur at the upper portions of the series are characteristic of granites
C:-The left branch of the series consist of a variety of mineral types that form a continuous reactions series
D:-The minerals that occur lower in the series crystallize at higher temperatures and are characteristic of basalts
Correct Answer:- Option-A
69. In an unconfined coastal aquifer with a hydrostatic balance or equilibrium between fresh water and saline water under typical water conditions, the Ghyben-Herzberg relation shows that
A:-the elevation of the water table above MSL is 40 times the depth of freshwater-saline water interface below MSL
B:-the freshwater-saline water interface lies above MSL at a height of 40 times the elevation of water table above MSL
C:-the depth of the freshwater-saline water interface below MSL is equal to the elevation of water table above MSL
D:-the freshwater-saline water interface lies below MSL at a depth of 40 times the elevation of water table above MSL
Correct Answer:- Option-D
70. Magnitude of covalent radii of elements does not depend upon -
A) Effective nuclear charge
B) Principle Quantum number
C) Spin Quantum number
D) Multiplicity of the bond between the atoms
Ans: 3
71. Which of the following statement is correct for the radii of various species having the same nuclear charge but difference oxidation states -
A) Increases with the increase in the oxidation number of the species.
B) Decreases with the increase in the oxidation number of the species.
C) May decrease or increase with the increase in the oxidation number of species.
D) Does not depend upon the oxidation Number of species.
Ans: 2
72. Which of the following element has highest negative value of Electron affinity ?
A) F
B) Cl
C) Br
D) I
Ans: 2
73. The false statement about the Schottky defect is :
A) This sort of defect occurs mainly in ionic compounds.
B) Cordination number in such compounds is usually low.
C) Positive and negative ions are of almost similar size.
D) NaCl shows this type of defect.
Ans: 2
74. Which of the following lanthanide does not occur in nature ?
A) Promethium
B) Cerium
C) Gadolinium
D) Neodymium
Ans: 1
75. Which of the following is not the property of a solution formed by alkali metal in liquid ammonia ?
A) The colour of solution is blue.
B) The colour of the solution is independent of the metal involved.
C) It is diamagnetic in nature.
D) It conducts electricity.
Ans: 3
76. Which of the following is not a point defect -
A) Schottky defect
B) Frenkel defect
C) Metal excess defect
D) Edge dislocation
Ans: 4
77. Which of the following statement is not true
A) The subsidary quantum number describes the shape of the orbital.
B) For l = 0 , the shape of the orbital is spherical.
C) For l = 1, the shape of the orbital is dumbell shaped.
D) The subsidary quantum number describes the energy of the orbital.
Ans: 4
78. Which of the following member of Lanthanoid series is commonly found in +4 Oxidation state ?
A) Promethium
B) Samarium
C) Europium
D) Cerium
Ans: 4
79. Choose the false statement among the following :
A) Hard acids have acceptor metal atom of small size.
B) Soft bases have acceptor metal atom of large size.
C) Soft acids have acceptor metal atom of large size.
D) Hard bases have atoms of high electronegativity.
Ans: 2
80. Which of the following is not a method for concentration of ores
A) Leaching
B) Roasting
C) Hydraulic wash
D) Magnetic Separation
Ans: 2
81. Which of the following is not the ore of copper ?
A) Copper glance
B) Malachite
C) Cuprite
D) Siderite
Ans: 4
A) Effective nuclear charge
B) Principle Quantum number
C) Spin Quantum number
D) Multiplicity of the bond between the atoms
Ans: 3
71. Which of the following statement is correct for the radii of various species having the same nuclear charge but difference oxidation states -
A) Increases with the increase in the oxidation number of the species.
B) Decreases with the increase in the oxidation number of the species.
C) May decrease or increase with the increase in the oxidation number of species.
D) Does not depend upon the oxidation Number of species.
Ans: 2
72. Which of the following element has highest negative value of Electron affinity ?
A) F
B) Cl
C) Br
D) I
Ans: 2
73. The false statement about the Schottky defect is :
A) This sort of defect occurs mainly in ionic compounds.
B) Cordination number in such compounds is usually low.
C) Positive and negative ions are of almost similar size.
D) NaCl shows this type of defect.
Ans: 2
74. Which of the following lanthanide does not occur in nature ?
A) Promethium
B) Cerium
C) Gadolinium
D) Neodymium
Ans: 1
75. Which of the following is not the property of a solution formed by alkali metal in liquid ammonia ?
A) The colour of solution is blue.
B) The colour of the solution is independent of the metal involved.
C) It is diamagnetic in nature.
D) It conducts electricity.
Ans: 3
76. Which of the following is not a point defect -
A) Schottky defect
B) Frenkel defect
C) Metal excess defect
D) Edge dislocation
Ans: 4
77. Which of the following statement is not true
A) The subsidary quantum number describes the shape of the orbital.
B) For l = 0 , the shape of the orbital is spherical.
C) For l = 1, the shape of the orbital is dumbell shaped.
D) The subsidary quantum number describes the energy of the orbital.
Ans: 4
78. Which of the following member of Lanthanoid series is commonly found in +4 Oxidation state ?
A) Promethium
B) Samarium
C) Europium
D) Cerium
Ans: 4
79. Choose the false statement among the following :
A) Hard acids have acceptor metal atom of small size.
B) Soft bases have acceptor metal atom of large size.
C) Soft acids have acceptor metal atom of large size.
D) Hard bases have atoms of high electronegativity.
Ans: 2
80. Which of the following is not a method for concentration of ores
A) Leaching
B) Roasting
C) Hydraulic wash
D) Magnetic Separation
Ans: 2
81. Which of the following is not the ore of copper ?
A) Copper glance
B) Malachite
C) Cuprite
D) Siderite
Ans: 4
82. Zinc can not be obtained from the following ore -
A) Calamine
B) Zinc Blende
C) Zincite
D) Malachite
Ans: 4
83. Which of the following is not the method of refining of extracted metal -
A) Distillation
B) Electrolysis
C) Chromatographic methods
D) Leaching
Ans: 4
84. Copper metal is refined by using the following method -
A) Vapour phase refining
B) Electrolytic refining
C) Distillation
D) Chromatographic method
Ans: 2
85. Ellingham diagram shows :
A) Change in Entropy with temperature for metal-metal oxide reactions.
B) Change in Free energy with temperature for metal-non metal reactions.
C) Change in Free energy with temperature for metal-metal oxide reactions.
D) Change in Enthalpy with temperature for metal-metal oxide reactions.
Ans: 3
86. Which of the following metal is generally purified by zone refining method ?
A) Ge
B) Al
C) Cu
D) Ni
Ans: 1
87. Ordinary steel is not corroded by :
A) Moist Chlorine
B) Chlorine dissolved in water
C) Dry Chlorine
D) Dilute HCl
Ans: 3
88. Environmental factor which affects the rate of corrosion is :
A) Purity of metal
B) Flow velocity of the solution in contact with metal
C) Volatility of corrosion products
D) Nature of oxide film on metal
Ans: 2
89. Potential-pH diagram for a corrosion phenomenon is known as :
A) Tafel Plot
B) Pourbaix diagram
C) Ellingham diagram
D) Stark diagram
Ans: 2
90. Galvanization is the process of -
A) Coating Zn on Fe
B) Coating Sn on Fe
C) Coating Sn on Cu
D) Coating Mg on Fe
Ans: 1
91. Which one of the following can not be used as sacrificial anode to protect iron from corrosion ?
A) Ni
B) Mg
C) Al
D) Zn
Ans: 1
92. Which process is used in the desilverization of lead by Zinc ?
A) Ion Exchange
B) Solvent Extraction
C) Amalgamation
D) Distillation
Ans: 2
93. The term 'Eutrophication' is related to
A) Air Pollution
B) Water Pollution
C) Soil Pollution
D) Thermal Pollution
Ans: 2
94. The component with least percentage in mineral soil is
A) Mineral matter
B) Oraganic matter
C) Soil Water
D) Soil Air
Ans: 2
95. The uppermost horizon of soil profile is called:
A) Horizon A
B) Horizon B
C) Horizon C
D) Horizon O
Ans: 4
96. The usage of ammonium nitrate :
A) Increases pH of the soil
B) Decreases pH of the soil
C) Does not affect pH of the soil
D) Increases alkaline nature of soil
Ans: 2
97. Methemoglobinemia or blue baby syndrom in infants is caused due to excess of which of the following in water
A) Sulphate
B) Flourides
C) Chlorides
D) Nitrates
Ans: 4
98. Out of the following ways of water lost from the soil, which is main cause of soil erosion ?
A) Surface runoff
B) Percolation
C) Transpiration
D) Evaporation
Ans: 1
99. Which one of the following is macronutrient for plants ?
A) Zn
B) Cu
C) Mg
D) Mn
Ans: 3
100. The breakdown of organic matter by bacterial action into simple substances that do not decompose further is called :
A) Hydrolysis
B) Dissociation
C) Stabilisation
D) Peptization
Ans: 3
A) Calamine
B) Zinc Blende
C) Zincite
D) Malachite
Ans: 4
83. Which of the following is not the method of refining of extracted metal -
A) Distillation
B) Electrolysis
C) Chromatographic methods
D) Leaching
Ans: 4
84. Copper metal is refined by using the following method -
A) Vapour phase refining
B) Electrolytic refining
C) Distillation
D) Chromatographic method
Ans: 2
85. Ellingham diagram shows :
A) Change in Entropy with temperature for metal-metal oxide reactions.
B) Change in Free energy with temperature for metal-non metal reactions.
C) Change in Free energy with temperature for metal-metal oxide reactions.
D) Change in Enthalpy with temperature for metal-metal oxide reactions.
Ans: 3
86. Which of the following metal is generally purified by zone refining method ?
A) Ge
B) Al
C) Cu
D) Ni
Ans: 1
87. Ordinary steel is not corroded by :
A) Moist Chlorine
B) Chlorine dissolved in water
C) Dry Chlorine
D) Dilute HCl
Ans: 3
88. Environmental factor which affects the rate of corrosion is :
A) Purity of metal
B) Flow velocity of the solution in contact with metal
C) Volatility of corrosion products
D) Nature of oxide film on metal
Ans: 2
89. Potential-pH diagram for a corrosion phenomenon is known as :
A) Tafel Plot
B) Pourbaix diagram
C) Ellingham diagram
D) Stark diagram
Ans: 2
90. Galvanization is the process of -
A) Coating Zn on Fe
B) Coating Sn on Fe
C) Coating Sn on Cu
D) Coating Mg on Fe
Ans: 1
91. Which one of the following can not be used as sacrificial anode to protect iron from corrosion ?
A) Ni
B) Mg
C) Al
D) Zn
Ans: 1
92. Which process is used in the desilverization of lead by Zinc ?
A) Ion Exchange
B) Solvent Extraction
C) Amalgamation
D) Distillation
Ans: 2
93. The term 'Eutrophication' is related to
A) Air Pollution
B) Water Pollution
C) Soil Pollution
D) Thermal Pollution
Ans: 2
94. The component with least percentage in mineral soil is
A) Mineral matter
B) Oraganic matter
C) Soil Water
D) Soil Air
Ans: 2
95. The uppermost horizon of soil profile is called:
A) Horizon A
B) Horizon B
C) Horizon C
D) Horizon O
Ans: 4
96. The usage of ammonium nitrate :
A) Increases pH of the soil
B) Decreases pH of the soil
C) Does not affect pH of the soil
D) Increases alkaline nature of soil
Ans: 2
97. Methemoglobinemia or blue baby syndrom in infants is caused due to excess of which of the following in water
A) Sulphate
B) Flourides
C) Chlorides
D) Nitrates
Ans: 4
98. Out of the following ways of water lost from the soil, which is main cause of soil erosion ?
A) Surface runoff
B) Percolation
C) Transpiration
D) Evaporation
Ans: 1
99. Which one of the following is macronutrient for plants ?
A) Zn
B) Cu
C) Mg
D) Mn
Ans: 3
100. The breakdown of organic matter by bacterial action into simple substances that do not decompose further is called :
A) Hydrolysis
B) Dissociation
C) Stabilisation
D) Peptization
Ans: 3