ZOOLOGY NOTES -PAGE 5- GENETICS
1. What is the meaning of the word "Sexual dimorphism "?
Answer: Male animals and female animals look different in terms of physiology, morphology and anatomy
2. Similar type of sex determination occurs in which kind of animals?
Answer: Humanbeings and Drosophila
3. What is the chromosomal condition of human diploid cell?
Answer: 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
4. Female human beings are
Answer: homogetic
5. What is the chromosomal condition in male human being?
Answer: 44AA + XY
6. Who studied the genic balance mechanism in Drosophila?
Answer: Bridges
7. How is sex determined in Drosophila?
Answer: X chromosome to autosome
8. What is the relative strength of X chromosomes for females?
Answer: 1.5
9. What is the ratio of male and female relative strength in a normal male?
Answer: 2:1.5
10.How is sex determined in the marine worm Bonellia?
Answer: Environmental factors
11. How does the larvae of Bonellia reared in sea water together with female worms develop?
Answer: male
12. Name the scientist who found that larvae reared from other Bonellia worm develop into female worms?
Answer: Baltzer
13. Name the sex determination that occurs in man.
Answer: XX-XY
Answer: Male animals and female animals look different in terms of physiology, morphology and anatomy
2. Similar type of sex determination occurs in which kind of animals?
Answer: Humanbeings and Drosophila
3. What is the chromosomal condition of human diploid cell?
Answer: 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
4. Female human beings are
Answer: homogetic
5. What is the chromosomal condition in male human being?
Answer: 44AA + XY
6. Who studied the genic balance mechanism in Drosophila?
Answer: Bridges
7. How is sex determined in Drosophila?
Answer: X chromosome to autosome
8. What is the relative strength of X chromosomes for females?
Answer: 1.5
9. What is the ratio of male and female relative strength in a normal male?
Answer: 2:1.5
10.How is sex determined in the marine worm Bonellia?
Answer: Environmental factors
11. How does the larvae of Bonellia reared in sea water together with female worms develop?
Answer: male
12. Name the scientist who found that larvae reared from other Bonellia worm develop into female worms?
Answer: Baltzer
13. Name the sex determination that occurs in man.
Answer: XX-XY
1. The ratio of CHO in carbohydrates_________(1:2:1)
2. Most important monosaccharide in RNA and DNA is______(Pentose)
3. The calorie obtained from 1g of carbohydrate is _______(4.1 C)
4. Polysaccharide present in the liver and muscle of animal ______(glycogen) Lactose is
composed of _____ (glucose and glactose)
5. The shape of starch in food particle _________(pectin)
6. Name the protein functioning as enzymes _______(functional proteins)
7. The name of essential amino acid among the 20 amino acid ______(10)
8. Lipid is stored in animas _________(adipose tissue)
9. Oil recommended hypertension patients ________(PUFA)
10. 1gram of lipid as energy value _________(9.3 calories)
11.Vitamin that helps in the maturation of RBC is __________(D)is called sunlight vitamin ________( vitamin B12) 12.
12. Vitamin D deficiency causes ________(Osteomalacia) in the aged
13.Pellagra is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin ______________(Niacin)
14. Isometric exercises enhance storage of ___________(glycogen)
15. The important function of Vitamin ______(A) is concerned with _______(eye sight)
16. __________(multiple sclerosis ) is an autoimmune disorder
17. Percentage of water in the body of man ________ (71 to 78 %)
18.Vitamin E is an______(Antioxidant)
19.Tissues are rejuvenated by Vitamin _______(E)
1. The Fasting sugar range from __________ (70-110 mg/DL)
1. First step in digestion ____________ (tasting)
2. Saliva secreted per day _________ (1500 ml)
3. Secretion of saliva is an example for __________ (reflex action)
4. Chief cells secrete _________ (enzymes – Pepsin and Renin)
5. __________ (mucous) prevent crop from Hcl
6. Hcl is secreted by _________ (Oxyntic cells)
7. The Bile stones are made of _________ (cholesterol)
8. PH value of pancreatic juice is ________ (7 – 8)
9. BMI of adult is ________ (19-25)
10. Absorbed food is directed to liver by ______________ (hepotoportal vein)
11. The first sign of Dental caries is __________ (tooth pain)
12. Bacteria that causes duodenal ulcer is _______ (helicobacter pylori)
13. Hernia develops in babies is ________ (umbilical hernia)
14. Appendicitis causes __________ (severe pain and swelling)
15. The severe damage cause to liver is _________ (cirrhosis)
16. Magnesium ion is responsible for _____________ formation(Bones and teeth)
17. During fasting blood glucose level________(70-110mg/DL)
18. First phase of digestion________(swolloving)
19. Saliva secrete during daily _________(1000-1500ml)
20. Swallowing and salaiva secretion_______(Involantory action)
21. Chief cells secreted _____________(Enzymes)
22. Hcl Acit action inhibited by _________(mucous)
23. Hcl secrete _________(Oxyntic cells)
24. Bile salts coverts the lipid molecules in to ___________(lipid droplets)
25. Bile stone formed by____________(cholesterol)
26. PH of Pancreatic juice________( ph 7-8)
27. Ecto peptidase is ____________(carboxy peptidase)
28. Body mass index at adult_____________(19-25)
29. Digestive food materials send through liver by__________(Hepatic portal vein)
30. Tooth decay first symptom______________(tooth ache)
31. “Ulcer” causative agent_________(Healicobacterpylori)
32. Herinia cause to childs______________( umbilical hernia)
33. Sualling happen in intestinal value is___________(Appentidics)
34. The total number of bones in adult __________ (206)
35. The total number of muscle fibre _______ (700)
36. _________ (Hippocrates) explained bone fractures and treatment in the 14th century
37. __________(Callus) tissue integrates the broken bone tissue.
38. Pathological fracture is caused by _________ (hyperparathyroidism)
39. The fine filament of muscle fiber are called _______ (myofibrils)
40. Sliding filament hypothesis was explained by ______ (Hansan) and Huxley.
1.Muscle contraction is activated by the chemical ____ (acetyl coline)
2.Taratalogic disorder is _______ (congenital)
3.Heart muscles are benefited by ________ (isometric exercises)
4.Blood purification in the patient of Myasthinia gravis is called _______
(plasmapheresis)
5.Positive waves of ECG are PRT and –ve waves ECG are ____ (QS)
6.The five types of waves of ECG are ________(PQRST)
7.Duration of p wave _______(1sec)
8.Gout is caused by ___________(metabolic disorder)
9.Auto immune disorder aginst an unknown antigen________(Rheumatic diseases)
10.Human adult have________ no of bonse & muscle fibres________(206, 700)
11.In BC 14 years who first Explian the bone fracture______(Hippocrates)
12.Young and tenter tissues of bones is_______ (callus tissues)
13.Phathalogical bone fracture happen by_______(Hyper thyrodism)
1.Sperm cells are stored in __________(Epididymis)
2. Smallest cell of WBC __________(Lymphocytes).
3. __________ (Aldosterone) is an important Mineralo corticoid.
4. Important glucocorticoid _______ (cartizone)
5. Immunity is boosted by _________ (Vitamin C)
6. Partial pressure of O2 in lungs is____________ (100mmHg)
7. Cerebral cortex is associated with __________ (Alzemier)
8. Insulin has ____ (51) amino acids.
9. _______(Vitamin A) deficiency causes white spots in the iris of eyes.
10. Open type of fracture causes_______( Infection.)
12. Protein in muscles are destroyed by__________( Enzymes and Lysosomes.)
13. Rheumatic heart disease is caused by _________(strepto coccus)
14. Haematoma is caused by________ (bone fracture)
15. _________ (Leprosy) is an example for acquired deficiency of pigments.
16. Sexual cycle of plasmodium takes place in ________ (female Anopheles mosquitoes)
17. Leishmania Donovani causes ________(Kala-azar of Leishmaniaris.)
18. __________ (Viprio cholere ) produces entero toxin.
19. The shape of HIV is ___________ (spherical)
20. An example for Primary Lymphoid organ is ___________ (Bone marrow).
21. Decrease in Ademosine Aminase causes ________(SCID)
22. Immuno globulin is a __________(Glycoprotein)
23. The series of amino acid is read by _____ (sequanator)
24. Thalasmia is otherwise called ________(Erythroblastic anemia)
25. 19th, 20th chromosome are found in _____ (F) group.
26. DNA is a _________ (Negative molecule)
27. Geothermal energy is obtained by ___________ (Evaporation of water)
28. ________ (Thilapia) reproduces 8 times a year.
29. Abnormal increase in WBC causes ________ (Leukemia)
30. Intake of less amount of protein leads to the deficiency disease
called______(Kwashiorkar , Marasmus)
31. Each gram of lipid is capable of yielding__________(9.3 calories)
32. Deficiency of vitamin D causes__________(Rickets, Osteo malacia)
33. During root canal treatment, the cavity of the tooth is filled with a sealing paste
made of__________( gutta-percha resin)
34. The gall stones are formed of________(cholesterol)
35. During the contraction of muscle the ATP molecules bind with the active site
Of__________(actin filaments)
36. Excessive exposure to U V-rays can cause____________(skin cancer)
37. Urea biosynthesis takes place in____________(liver)
38. Area responsible for reabsorption of water, glucose, sodium phosphate and
bicarbonates is___________(proximal convoluted tubules)
39. Number of ATP molecules spent to convert ammonia to urea is________ (three)
40. Which of the following is called artificial kidney_________(dialyzer)
51. Flooring elevation for ________(Brooding is 5-7.5)
52. ________(Chitakong) is found in west Bengal.
53. The fusion of Diploid gamete with haploid gamete results in ________(polyploidy)
54. The advocates of new Darwinism is ________ (TH. Huxely)
55. TB easily catches _______ (HIV) patients.
56. ___________(inspiration) is an active process.
57. Respiration is controlled by _____________ (medulla oblongata) of Brain.
58. Pneumonia is caused __________ (Pnemoccal pneumonia )
59. Inflammation of the plural membranes called __________ (pleurase)
60. Calcium lions required for ___________ (Muscle contraction)
61. TB is caused by _____________ (Microbactrium tuberculosis)
62. Mitral valve is called ________ (Bicuspid valve)
63. SA node produces ____________ (electrical impulses)
64. Heartbeats ___________ (72 to 80 times per minitue)
65. Lub sounds are caused by the closure of __________ (aterio – ventricular value)
66. Tub sounds are caused by the closed of ___________ (semi lunar value).
67. Myocardial infarction is called ____________ (caronary artery)
68. The unbearable in chests is called _________ (Angina)
69. The internal structure of heart is revealed by _________ (Echocardiograph )
70. Shrinkage of valves is called ________ (stenosis)
71. Normal BP of man _______ (120/80 mmHg.)
72. The __________is capable of generating action potential(SA node)
73. The rate of heart beat is _______per minute(72-80)
74. The first louder sound of heart is due to _________( closure of the atrioventricular valves)
75. The second sound is of shorter duration was due to_______( closure of semilunar valve)
76. ___________is due to sudden death of heart muscels.( Myocardial infarction)
77. Due to________the pain ranges from a high ache to intense crushing agony(Angina
pectoris)
78. __________is a technique that uses ultra sound waves to image the interior of heart(Echo
cardiography)
79. Narrowing of heart valves is called________ (stenosis)
80. ________ may cause server unremitting chest pain(myocardial infarction)
81. Men are affected earlier than women because women are protected by
__________hormone(oestrogen)
82. Osteoscelerosis is less common in women due to __________ (Oestrogen)
83. Heart transplantation was performed first time by __________ (Christian Bernard)
84. The blood volume of man and women __________(5-6, 4-5 litter)
85. The life span of RBC of male and female ________ (120 – 110 days)
86. RBCs have their origin in _________ (Bone marrow)
87. Thrombosis in coronary artery is called __________ (coronary thrombosis)
88. ____________ (Embolus) is part of the thrombosis)
89. The first human heart transplant was performed by _______(prof christian Bernard- south Africa)
90. The total blood volume in human female is litters_______(4-5lts)and__males(5-6)
91. Erythrocytes stay in circulation for about _____(120 days) in males and ______(110)
days in females.
92.The number of erythrocytes in male and female________per cubice mm(4.2-5.8, 3.6-5.2)
93.RBC are manufactured in the_________(bone marrow of bones such as ribs and
vertebrae)
94.Which WBC contain heparin which inhibits blood clotting(Basophils)
95.A thrombus formed in the artery suppling heart muscle is known as________(coronary thrombosis)
96. When a portion of a thrombus clot becomes fragmented and enters the circulating blood, it
is called _________(embolus)
97. fibrinogen______ fibrin(thrombin)
80. The ability of the body is maintained and internal mileu irrespective of external
environment called__________________ (homeostasis)
81. While matter of CNS is called _______ (axons)
82. The cortex region of cerebrum has _______ (ten) number of nerves junction.
83. The larger part diencephalons is _________ (thalamus)
84. Sleep, wake cycle is controlled by _________ (hypothalamus)
85. The mass of cerebrum in male and female ________ (1400gm, 1200gm)
86. The four nuclei of midbrain are called ___________ (corporaquadrigemina)
87. Information from cerebrum to cerebellum is via _________ (pons)
88. The vital organs like heart, lungs are controlled by ________ (medulla oblongata)
89. Loss of memory is called ________ (amnesia)
90. Non REM sleep is good for __________ (health)
91. Conditional reflex was experimentally proved by __________ (Pavlov)
92. REM sleep lost for __________ (5 – 30) minutes.
93. The volume of cerebro spinal fluid is _______ (150 ml)
94. The gall stones are formed of________(cholesterol)
95. During the contraction of muscle the ATP molecules bind with the active site of
Of__________(actin filaments)
96. . Excessive exposure to U V-rays can cause____________(skin cancer)
97. Urea biosynthesis takes place in____________(liver)
98. Area responsible for reabsorption of water, glucose, sodium phosphate and
bicarbonates is___________(proximal convoluted tubules)
99. Number of ATP molecules spent to convert ammonia to urea is________ (three)
100. Which of the following is called artificial kidney_________(dialyzer)
101. Intermediate between bacterium and virus is called_________(Mycoplasma)
CIRCULATION
102. The largest leucocytes __________(Monocytes)
103. The smallest leucocytes _________(Lymphocytes)
104. ______________ influence mood and general body movements due to strong emotions
such as fear or anger.(Thalamus)
105. The major mineralocorticoid hormone is _________(Aldosterone)
106. The sperms are stored in _______(Epididymis)
107. Myasthenia Gravis important symptom is__________(Drooping eyelids)
1.Within brain the collections of grey matter form centers called ________(Nuclei)
2.The ______mak up the white matter of the CNS(axons)
3.The number of synapses in the cerebral cortex alone is_______(102783000)
4.major part of diencephalon is _________(thalamus)
5.__________co-ordinates responses to the sleep-wake cycle(Hypothalamus)
6.The weight of male and female brain is ______(1400gms,1200gms)
7.The four mounds in the mid brain____________(Corpor quadrigemina)
8.____means memory loes(Amnesia)
9.The___ relays information from the cerebrum to the cerebellum(Pons)
10.The ________function as centers of several reflexes involued in the resulation of heart rate
breathing(pons)
11._____________is the state of inability to recall memories(Amnesia)
12.During this __________sleep the dreams in memory does not occur(Slow wave sleep)
13.REM sleep losting________minutes(5-30 mts)
14.The physiologist who first demonstrated the conditioned reflex was________(Ivan
Pavlov)
15.In Human the volume of CSF is ________ml(150)
16.______________ are involved in visual reflexes (Superior colliculi)
17.The rate of secretion of CSF in a day is _______(550ml)
18.______________acts as a mechanical buffer fon CNS(Cerebrospinal fluid)
19.The phenomenon of maintaining a constant inner state irrespective of changes happening
in the environment(Homeostasis)
1.The pituitary is controlled by________(Hypothalamus)
2. pituitary weighs about_______(500 mg)
3.________is originated from the floor of diencephlon as a downward
growth(Neurohypophysis)
4. Deficiency of growth hormone or hyposecretion in children results in_____(Dwarfism)
5. Excessive secretion of GH results in over growth and reach a height of 7 to 9 feet
is_________(Gigantism)
6. The excessive GH in adults also results_________(Acromegaly)
7. TSH is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of ___________(28,000 daltons)
8.The ________ stimulats the adrenal cortex(ACTH-Adreno cortico trophic hormone)
9.TSH,FSH and LH are ________(glycoprotein)
10. The term oxytocin refers to ________(Quick birth)
11.The_____stimulates the smooth muscles of uterus and causes the contraction, and helps in
the delivery of foetus(Oxytocin)
12. The most important function of the adrenal cortex is its role in_________(stress
tolerance)
13. _________deficiency leads to Diabetes insipitus(ADH OR Vassopressin)
14. Amino acid residue in thyroxine is_________(Tyrosine)
15.The amount of Iodine in thyroxine is_______(65%)
16. Which Hormone is very essential for the development of nervous system particularly at
the time of birth and during the first year(Thyroxine)
17.________ is caused due to lack of Iodine in the soils(Endemic goiter)
18. __________is found in children who are deficient of thyroxine hormone from the time of birth (Cretinism)
19.Thyroxine deficiency in adults leads to________(Myxoedema)
20. The hyper function of thyroid gland results in_______( Grave’s disease)
21. Grave’s disease is called_________( thyrotoxicosis or exophthalmic goiter)
22. The half-life of the parathormone is______(20-30 minutes)
23._______ is a calcium-lowering hormone(Calcitonin)
24.The alpha cells secrtes_______(glucagon)__________and the beta cells secrtes(Insulin)
25.Synthesis of glucose from a non carbohydrates is _________ (Gluconeogenesis)
26._____________is the hyper glycemic hormone(Glucagon)
27.All the chemical hormones are____________ (Steriods)
28.__________ increases the rate, amplitude and frequency of the heart beat(Adrenalin or
epinephrine)
29. _________also acts as an anti-inflammatory agent(Cortisone)
30.________ is one of the androgenic hormone(Testostenone)
31. The corpus luteum of the pregnant woman secretes another hormone________(Relaxin)
1.Refraction occurs through which surfaces of eye before it reaches
retina________(carnea,front surface of lens,rear surface of lens)
2.The vitreous humour is made of ________(gelatinus mucoprotein)
3.___________is a purple red photosensitive pigment present in the outer segment of the
rods(Rhodopsin or visual purple)
4._________cells of eyes perceive colors(cone)
5.The ideal refractive state is called _______(Emmetropia)
6.__________is short sightedness(Myopia)
7.___________ is long sightedness(Hyper metrobia)
8.________results if the lens curvature is too great or the entire eye ball becomes elongated.(Myopia )
9.when the curvature of lens is not great enough if result in_________(Hypermetropia or long sightedness)
10.If the light is focused in front of the retina is corrected using_________(concave lens)
11.__________ occurs if either the cornea or lens is distorted(Astigmatism)
12._________ the result of a reduction in the amplitude of accommodation with age due to hardening and loss of plasticity of the lens(Presbiopia)
13.________is the opacity in the lens of the eye(Cataract)
14.Vitamin_______and________are necessary for the retinal functions(A,B)
15. In_______conjuctiva causes redness, discomfort and a discharge from the affected
eye(Conjunctivitis)
16.The Industrial noise survey of India recognized noise levels from___as permissiable levels(81db- 120db)
17.loud noises is _______(above 130 db)
18.The skin of the body forms ______ of the total mass(8%)
19.The suface area of skin_______(1.1-2.2m2)
20.________secretes an oily substance(Sebaceous glands)
21.__________glands are found through the body opening on the surface and secreting a clear
watery fluid(merocrine)
21.melanin is stored in___________(melanopore)
22.The synthesis of melanin is from the amino acid called_________(tyrosine)
23.Hyper pigmentation of skin face nipples ans genitalia during pregnancy under the influence
of __________(oestrogen)
24.Intermediate wave length ultraviolet light UVB lies in between _________ (UVA,UVC)
25.The taste buds _________ are near the tip(Sensitive to sweet)
26.The taste bud in the palate respond to________(Sour and bitter)
27.Excessive exposure to UV rays can cause_______(various forms as skin cencer)
1.Ultra filtration of blood takes place in the malpighian body which acts as a ___________(Biological filter)
2.A________comprises Bowmann’s capsule and glomeruli(Malpighian body)
3.The kidneys normally receive an about _________% of the cardiac output(20-25%)
4.In 24hrs the total volume of glomerular filtrate is ________(170-180lts)
5.In man_________ ml of glomerular filtrate is produced.(125ml)
6.In collecting tubule the osmatic reabsorption of water under the influence of (Vaso pressin)
7.In collecting tubule reabsorption of water takes place under the influence of __________(ADH/vasopressin)
8.Amount of urea filtered in 24hrs through glomeular filtrate is _______(53g)
9.People with GOUT have stones formed _________(Uric acid)
10.Urea was formed in the________(liver)
11.Stones in the bladder and lower ureter can be crushed and removed by_______(cystoscopy
or ureterorenoscopy)
12.The first line of treatment in treating kidney stones is_____(Lithotripsy)
13.______is called Artificial kidney (Dializer)
14._______is excretion of increased quantity of urine (Polyurea)
15.________is excessive appetite leads to increased in take of food(polyphagia)
1. _______hormone secreted by leydig cells(Testosterone)
2. Optimal temperature for sperm production is _____(320c)
3. Sperm production for day is _______(125 billion)
4. _________is the age of puberty for women (12-15)
5. A ejaculation having _____ number of sperms (15 billions)
6. “Semen” means ______ (Dense Sperm with fluid)
7. ______ inhibits testosterone production (Inhibitin)
8. _____ hormone produced by corpus lustrum (progesterone)
9. _____ restrict the reflex action of uterus during pregnancy (progesterone)
10. ____ type of egg produced in human (Alecithal)
11. ____ measurement of Ovum (100 μmicron)
12. ____ layer beyond the zona pellucida (corona radiate)
13. Ovum is otherwise called as _______ (Graafian follicle)
14. Unfertilized ovum is dead within ____ period. (12-24 hrs)
15. Follicular phase between _____ days ( 5 – 14 days)
16. 15 – 28 days _____ phase in menstrual cycle (luteal phase)
17. Corpus luteum changed into ___ tissue (Corpus albicans)
18. _____ % for test tube achieved (20)
19. ____ produce follicular cells (corpus luteum)
20. First test tube baby formed by ______ (Steptoe and Edwards)
21. At present India population _______ (100 cores)
22. Copper ‘T’remains for a period ______ ( 3 years)
23. Permanent family planning method in male is ______ (Vasectomy)
24. Permanent family planning method in female is _____ (Tubectomy)
25. Fertilization take place in female ______ (Fallopian tube)
26. In vitro fertilization take place in ____ stage ( 8 cell stage)
Zoological philosophique was authored by __________ (Lamarck)
2. Lamarckian theory was based on ___________ (inheritance of acquired characters)
3. Germ plasm was proposed by ____________ (August weise man)
4. Lamarkian first law was evidenced by ________ (evolution of horses)
5. The third law of Lamark is concerned with Law of ______(uses and disuse.)
6. The contemporary of Darwin who endorsed with his theory is ______(Alfred
Wallace)
7. _______(Sewal Wright) proposed genetic drift theory.
8. _______(G.L.Stebbins) proposed process of organic evolution.
9. __________(Dobzhansky) proposed synthetic theory of evolution.
10. ___________ (Mc Dougall ) proved learned and behavior could be inherited.
11. ____________(Darwinism ) is considered equivalent to Newton’s law of gravitation.
12. __________(Darwin) wrote the book origin of species.
13. Darwin travelled by the ship by name ______(H.M.Beagle)
14. ____________ (Natural selection) is the key element of Darwinism.
15. _____________ (Pangenesis) is doctrine Darwin had his faith.
16. Bottle neck effect is otherwise called ___________ (sewal wright effect)
17. _________ (Hardy weighnberg law) explained the frequency of allele in the absence
of mutation.
18. A population comprising of sexually interbreeding organisms is termed as the
______ (Genetic population or Mendelian population)
19. __________ (Allopatric speciation) is an example for frogs of Gulf of Mannar.
20. __________ (Sickle cell anemia) is an example for polymorphism.
21. ________ (Sickle cell anemia) is prevalent among negroes.
22. __________ (Mutation) is the basis for evolution.
23. Modified form of Darwinism is _________ (Neo Darwinism)
24. Temperature related changes in the body of mice was noted by ______(F.B. Sumner)
25. Lamarck is popularly known for __________ (theory of inheritance) of acquired
characters.
2. Most important monosaccharide in RNA and DNA is______(Pentose)
3. The calorie obtained from 1g of carbohydrate is _______(4.1 C)
4. Polysaccharide present in the liver and muscle of animal ______(glycogen) Lactose is
composed of _____ (glucose and glactose)
5. The shape of starch in food particle _________(pectin)
6. Name the protein functioning as enzymes _______(functional proteins)
7. The name of essential amino acid among the 20 amino acid ______(10)
8. Lipid is stored in animas _________(adipose tissue)
9. Oil recommended hypertension patients ________(PUFA)
10. 1gram of lipid as energy value _________(9.3 calories)
11.Vitamin that helps in the maturation of RBC is __________(D)is called sunlight vitamin ________( vitamin B12) 12.
12. Vitamin D deficiency causes ________(Osteomalacia) in the aged
13.Pellagra is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin ______________(Niacin)
14. Isometric exercises enhance storage of ___________(glycogen)
15. The important function of Vitamin ______(A) is concerned with _______(eye sight)
16. __________(multiple sclerosis ) is an autoimmune disorder
17. Percentage of water in the body of man ________ (71 to 78 %)
18.Vitamin E is an______(Antioxidant)
19.Tissues are rejuvenated by Vitamin _______(E)
1. The Fasting sugar range from __________ (70-110 mg/DL)
1. First step in digestion ____________ (tasting)
2. Saliva secreted per day _________ (1500 ml)
3. Secretion of saliva is an example for __________ (reflex action)
4. Chief cells secrete _________ (enzymes – Pepsin and Renin)
5. __________ (mucous) prevent crop from Hcl
6. Hcl is secreted by _________ (Oxyntic cells)
7. The Bile stones are made of _________ (cholesterol)
8. PH value of pancreatic juice is ________ (7 – 8)
9. BMI of adult is ________ (19-25)
10. Absorbed food is directed to liver by ______________ (hepotoportal vein)
11. The first sign of Dental caries is __________ (tooth pain)
12. Bacteria that causes duodenal ulcer is _______ (helicobacter pylori)
13. Hernia develops in babies is ________ (umbilical hernia)
14. Appendicitis causes __________ (severe pain and swelling)
15. The severe damage cause to liver is _________ (cirrhosis)
16. Magnesium ion is responsible for _____________ formation(Bones and teeth)
17. During fasting blood glucose level________(70-110mg/DL)
18. First phase of digestion________(swolloving)
19. Saliva secrete during daily _________(1000-1500ml)
20. Swallowing and salaiva secretion_______(Involantory action)
21. Chief cells secreted _____________(Enzymes)
22. Hcl Acit action inhibited by _________(mucous)
23. Hcl secrete _________(Oxyntic cells)
24. Bile salts coverts the lipid molecules in to ___________(lipid droplets)
25. Bile stone formed by____________(cholesterol)
26. PH of Pancreatic juice________( ph 7-8)
27. Ecto peptidase is ____________(carboxy peptidase)
28. Body mass index at adult_____________(19-25)
29. Digestive food materials send through liver by__________(Hepatic portal vein)
30. Tooth decay first symptom______________(tooth ache)
31. “Ulcer” causative agent_________(Healicobacterpylori)
32. Herinia cause to childs______________( umbilical hernia)
33. Sualling happen in intestinal value is___________(Appentidics)
34. The total number of bones in adult __________ (206)
35. The total number of muscle fibre _______ (700)
36. _________ (Hippocrates) explained bone fractures and treatment in the 14th century
37. __________(Callus) tissue integrates the broken bone tissue.
38. Pathological fracture is caused by _________ (hyperparathyroidism)
39. The fine filament of muscle fiber are called _______ (myofibrils)
40. Sliding filament hypothesis was explained by ______ (Hansan) and Huxley.
1.Muscle contraction is activated by the chemical ____ (acetyl coline)
2.Taratalogic disorder is _______ (congenital)
3.Heart muscles are benefited by ________ (isometric exercises)
4.Blood purification in the patient of Myasthinia gravis is called _______
(plasmapheresis)
5.Positive waves of ECG are PRT and –ve waves ECG are ____ (QS)
6.The five types of waves of ECG are ________(PQRST)
7.Duration of p wave _______(1sec)
8.Gout is caused by ___________(metabolic disorder)
9.Auto immune disorder aginst an unknown antigen________(Rheumatic diseases)
10.Human adult have________ no of bonse & muscle fibres________(206, 700)
11.In BC 14 years who first Explian the bone fracture______(Hippocrates)
12.Young and tenter tissues of bones is_______ (callus tissues)
13.Phathalogical bone fracture happen by_______(Hyper thyrodism)
1.Sperm cells are stored in __________(Epididymis)
2. Smallest cell of WBC __________(Lymphocytes).
3. __________ (Aldosterone) is an important Mineralo corticoid.
4. Important glucocorticoid _______ (cartizone)
5. Immunity is boosted by _________ (Vitamin C)
6. Partial pressure of O2 in lungs is____________ (100mmHg)
7. Cerebral cortex is associated with __________ (Alzemier)
8. Insulin has ____ (51) amino acids.
9. _______(Vitamin A) deficiency causes white spots in the iris of eyes.
10. Open type of fracture causes_______( Infection.)
12. Protein in muscles are destroyed by__________( Enzymes and Lysosomes.)
13. Rheumatic heart disease is caused by _________(strepto coccus)
14. Haematoma is caused by________ (bone fracture)
15. _________ (Leprosy) is an example for acquired deficiency of pigments.
16. Sexual cycle of plasmodium takes place in ________ (female Anopheles mosquitoes)
17. Leishmania Donovani causes ________(Kala-azar of Leishmaniaris.)
18. __________ (Viprio cholere ) produces entero toxin.
19. The shape of HIV is ___________ (spherical)
20. An example for Primary Lymphoid organ is ___________ (Bone marrow).
21. Decrease in Ademosine Aminase causes ________(SCID)
22. Immuno globulin is a __________(Glycoprotein)
23. The series of amino acid is read by _____ (sequanator)
24. Thalasmia is otherwise called ________(Erythroblastic anemia)
25. 19th, 20th chromosome are found in _____ (F) group.
26. DNA is a _________ (Negative molecule)
27. Geothermal energy is obtained by ___________ (Evaporation of water)
28. ________ (Thilapia) reproduces 8 times a year.
29. Abnormal increase in WBC causes ________ (Leukemia)
30. Intake of less amount of protein leads to the deficiency disease
called______(Kwashiorkar , Marasmus)
31. Each gram of lipid is capable of yielding__________(9.3 calories)
32. Deficiency of vitamin D causes__________(Rickets, Osteo malacia)
33. During root canal treatment, the cavity of the tooth is filled with a sealing paste
made of__________( gutta-percha resin)
34. The gall stones are formed of________(cholesterol)
35. During the contraction of muscle the ATP molecules bind with the active site
Of__________(actin filaments)
36. Excessive exposure to U V-rays can cause____________(skin cancer)
37. Urea biosynthesis takes place in____________(liver)
38. Area responsible for reabsorption of water, glucose, sodium phosphate and
bicarbonates is___________(proximal convoluted tubules)
39. Number of ATP molecules spent to convert ammonia to urea is________ (three)
40. Which of the following is called artificial kidney_________(dialyzer)
51. Flooring elevation for ________(Brooding is 5-7.5)
52. ________(Chitakong) is found in west Bengal.
53. The fusion of Diploid gamete with haploid gamete results in ________(polyploidy)
54. The advocates of new Darwinism is ________ (TH. Huxely)
55. TB easily catches _______ (HIV) patients.
56. ___________(inspiration) is an active process.
57. Respiration is controlled by _____________ (medulla oblongata) of Brain.
58. Pneumonia is caused __________ (Pnemoccal pneumonia )
59. Inflammation of the plural membranes called __________ (pleurase)
60. Calcium lions required for ___________ (Muscle contraction)
61. TB is caused by _____________ (Microbactrium tuberculosis)
62. Mitral valve is called ________ (Bicuspid valve)
63. SA node produces ____________ (electrical impulses)
64. Heartbeats ___________ (72 to 80 times per minitue)
65. Lub sounds are caused by the closure of __________ (aterio – ventricular value)
66. Tub sounds are caused by the closed of ___________ (semi lunar value).
67. Myocardial infarction is called ____________ (caronary artery)
68. The unbearable in chests is called _________ (Angina)
69. The internal structure of heart is revealed by _________ (Echocardiograph )
70. Shrinkage of valves is called ________ (stenosis)
71. Normal BP of man _______ (120/80 mmHg.)
72. The __________is capable of generating action potential(SA node)
73. The rate of heart beat is _______per minute(72-80)
74. The first louder sound of heart is due to _________( closure of the atrioventricular valves)
75. The second sound is of shorter duration was due to_______( closure of semilunar valve)
76. ___________is due to sudden death of heart muscels.( Myocardial infarction)
77. Due to________the pain ranges from a high ache to intense crushing agony(Angina
pectoris)
78. __________is a technique that uses ultra sound waves to image the interior of heart(Echo
cardiography)
79. Narrowing of heart valves is called________ (stenosis)
80. ________ may cause server unremitting chest pain(myocardial infarction)
81. Men are affected earlier than women because women are protected by
__________hormone(oestrogen)
82. Osteoscelerosis is less common in women due to __________ (Oestrogen)
83. Heart transplantation was performed first time by __________ (Christian Bernard)
84. The blood volume of man and women __________(5-6, 4-5 litter)
85. The life span of RBC of male and female ________ (120 – 110 days)
86. RBCs have their origin in _________ (Bone marrow)
87. Thrombosis in coronary artery is called __________ (coronary thrombosis)
88. ____________ (Embolus) is part of the thrombosis)
89. The first human heart transplant was performed by _______(prof christian Bernard- south Africa)
90. The total blood volume in human female is litters_______(4-5lts)and__males(5-6)
91. Erythrocytes stay in circulation for about _____(120 days) in males and ______(110)
days in females.
92.The number of erythrocytes in male and female________per cubice mm(4.2-5.8, 3.6-5.2)
93.RBC are manufactured in the_________(bone marrow of bones such as ribs and
vertebrae)
94.Which WBC contain heparin which inhibits blood clotting(Basophils)
95.A thrombus formed in the artery suppling heart muscle is known as________(coronary thrombosis)
96. When a portion of a thrombus clot becomes fragmented and enters the circulating blood, it
is called _________(embolus)
97. fibrinogen______ fibrin(thrombin)
80. The ability of the body is maintained and internal mileu irrespective of external
environment called__________________ (homeostasis)
81. While matter of CNS is called _______ (axons)
82. The cortex region of cerebrum has _______ (ten) number of nerves junction.
83. The larger part diencephalons is _________ (thalamus)
84. Sleep, wake cycle is controlled by _________ (hypothalamus)
85. The mass of cerebrum in male and female ________ (1400gm, 1200gm)
86. The four nuclei of midbrain are called ___________ (corporaquadrigemina)
87. Information from cerebrum to cerebellum is via _________ (pons)
88. The vital organs like heart, lungs are controlled by ________ (medulla oblongata)
89. Loss of memory is called ________ (amnesia)
90. Non REM sleep is good for __________ (health)
91. Conditional reflex was experimentally proved by __________ (Pavlov)
92. REM sleep lost for __________ (5 – 30) minutes.
93. The volume of cerebro spinal fluid is _______ (150 ml)
94. The gall stones are formed of________(cholesterol)
95. During the contraction of muscle the ATP molecules bind with the active site of
Of__________(actin filaments)
96. . Excessive exposure to U V-rays can cause____________(skin cancer)
97. Urea biosynthesis takes place in____________(liver)
98. Area responsible for reabsorption of water, glucose, sodium phosphate and
bicarbonates is___________(proximal convoluted tubules)
99. Number of ATP molecules spent to convert ammonia to urea is________ (three)
100. Which of the following is called artificial kidney_________(dialyzer)
101. Intermediate between bacterium and virus is called_________(Mycoplasma)
CIRCULATION
102. The largest leucocytes __________(Monocytes)
103. The smallest leucocytes _________(Lymphocytes)
104. ______________ influence mood and general body movements due to strong emotions
such as fear or anger.(Thalamus)
105. The major mineralocorticoid hormone is _________(Aldosterone)
106. The sperms are stored in _______(Epididymis)
107. Myasthenia Gravis important symptom is__________(Drooping eyelids)
1.Within brain the collections of grey matter form centers called ________(Nuclei)
2.The ______mak up the white matter of the CNS(axons)
3.The number of synapses in the cerebral cortex alone is_______(102783000)
4.major part of diencephalon is _________(thalamus)
5.__________co-ordinates responses to the sleep-wake cycle(Hypothalamus)
6.The weight of male and female brain is ______(1400gms,1200gms)
7.The four mounds in the mid brain____________(Corpor quadrigemina)
8.____means memory loes(Amnesia)
9.The___ relays information from the cerebrum to the cerebellum(Pons)
10.The ________function as centers of several reflexes involued in the resulation of heart rate
breathing(pons)
11._____________is the state of inability to recall memories(Amnesia)
12.During this __________sleep the dreams in memory does not occur(Slow wave sleep)
13.REM sleep losting________minutes(5-30 mts)
14.The physiologist who first demonstrated the conditioned reflex was________(Ivan
Pavlov)
15.In Human the volume of CSF is ________ml(150)
16.______________ are involved in visual reflexes (Superior colliculi)
17.The rate of secretion of CSF in a day is _______(550ml)
18.______________acts as a mechanical buffer fon CNS(Cerebrospinal fluid)
19.The phenomenon of maintaining a constant inner state irrespective of changes happening
in the environment(Homeostasis)
1.The pituitary is controlled by________(Hypothalamus)
2. pituitary weighs about_______(500 mg)
3.________is originated from the floor of diencephlon as a downward
growth(Neurohypophysis)
4. Deficiency of growth hormone or hyposecretion in children results in_____(Dwarfism)
5. Excessive secretion of GH results in over growth and reach a height of 7 to 9 feet
is_________(Gigantism)
6. The excessive GH in adults also results_________(Acromegaly)
7. TSH is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of ___________(28,000 daltons)
8.The ________ stimulats the adrenal cortex(ACTH-Adreno cortico trophic hormone)
9.TSH,FSH and LH are ________(glycoprotein)
10. The term oxytocin refers to ________(Quick birth)
11.The_____stimulates the smooth muscles of uterus and causes the contraction, and helps in
the delivery of foetus(Oxytocin)
12. The most important function of the adrenal cortex is its role in_________(stress
tolerance)
13. _________deficiency leads to Diabetes insipitus(ADH OR Vassopressin)
14. Amino acid residue in thyroxine is_________(Tyrosine)
15.The amount of Iodine in thyroxine is_______(65%)
16. Which Hormone is very essential for the development of nervous system particularly at
the time of birth and during the first year(Thyroxine)
17.________ is caused due to lack of Iodine in the soils(Endemic goiter)
18. __________is found in children who are deficient of thyroxine hormone from the time of birth (Cretinism)
19.Thyroxine deficiency in adults leads to________(Myxoedema)
20. The hyper function of thyroid gland results in_______( Grave’s disease)
21. Grave’s disease is called_________( thyrotoxicosis or exophthalmic goiter)
22. The half-life of the parathormone is______(20-30 minutes)
23._______ is a calcium-lowering hormone(Calcitonin)
24.The alpha cells secrtes_______(glucagon)__________and the beta cells secrtes(Insulin)
25.Synthesis of glucose from a non carbohydrates is _________ (Gluconeogenesis)
26._____________is the hyper glycemic hormone(Glucagon)
27.All the chemical hormones are____________ (Steriods)
28.__________ increases the rate, amplitude and frequency of the heart beat(Adrenalin or
epinephrine)
29. _________also acts as an anti-inflammatory agent(Cortisone)
30.________ is one of the androgenic hormone(Testostenone)
31. The corpus luteum of the pregnant woman secretes another hormone________(Relaxin)
1.Refraction occurs through which surfaces of eye before it reaches
retina________(carnea,front surface of lens,rear surface of lens)
2.The vitreous humour is made of ________(gelatinus mucoprotein)
3.___________is a purple red photosensitive pigment present in the outer segment of the
rods(Rhodopsin or visual purple)
4._________cells of eyes perceive colors(cone)
5.The ideal refractive state is called _______(Emmetropia)
6.__________is short sightedness(Myopia)
7.___________ is long sightedness(Hyper metrobia)
8.________results if the lens curvature is too great or the entire eye ball becomes elongated.(Myopia )
9.when the curvature of lens is not great enough if result in_________(Hypermetropia or long sightedness)
10.If the light is focused in front of the retina is corrected using_________(concave lens)
11.__________ occurs if either the cornea or lens is distorted(Astigmatism)
12._________ the result of a reduction in the amplitude of accommodation with age due to hardening and loss of plasticity of the lens(Presbiopia)
13.________is the opacity in the lens of the eye(Cataract)
14.Vitamin_______and________are necessary for the retinal functions(A,B)
15. In_______conjuctiva causes redness, discomfort and a discharge from the affected
eye(Conjunctivitis)
16.The Industrial noise survey of India recognized noise levels from___as permissiable levels(81db- 120db)
17.loud noises is _______(above 130 db)
18.The skin of the body forms ______ of the total mass(8%)
19.The suface area of skin_______(1.1-2.2m2)
20.________secretes an oily substance(Sebaceous glands)
21.__________glands are found through the body opening on the surface and secreting a clear
watery fluid(merocrine)
21.melanin is stored in___________(melanopore)
22.The synthesis of melanin is from the amino acid called_________(tyrosine)
23.Hyper pigmentation of skin face nipples ans genitalia during pregnancy under the influence
of __________(oestrogen)
24.Intermediate wave length ultraviolet light UVB lies in between _________ (UVA,UVC)
25.The taste buds _________ are near the tip(Sensitive to sweet)
26.The taste bud in the palate respond to________(Sour and bitter)
27.Excessive exposure to UV rays can cause_______(various forms as skin cencer)
1.Ultra filtration of blood takes place in the malpighian body which acts as a ___________(Biological filter)
2.A________comprises Bowmann’s capsule and glomeruli(Malpighian body)
3.The kidneys normally receive an about _________% of the cardiac output(20-25%)
4.In 24hrs the total volume of glomerular filtrate is ________(170-180lts)
5.In man_________ ml of glomerular filtrate is produced.(125ml)
6.In collecting tubule the osmatic reabsorption of water under the influence of (Vaso pressin)
7.In collecting tubule reabsorption of water takes place under the influence of __________(ADH/vasopressin)
8.Amount of urea filtered in 24hrs through glomeular filtrate is _______(53g)
9.People with GOUT have stones formed _________(Uric acid)
10.Urea was formed in the________(liver)
11.Stones in the bladder and lower ureter can be crushed and removed by_______(cystoscopy
or ureterorenoscopy)
12.The first line of treatment in treating kidney stones is_____(Lithotripsy)
13.______is called Artificial kidney (Dializer)
14._______is excretion of increased quantity of urine (Polyurea)
15.________is excessive appetite leads to increased in take of food(polyphagia)
1. _______hormone secreted by leydig cells(Testosterone)
2. Optimal temperature for sperm production is _____(320c)
3. Sperm production for day is _______(125 billion)
4. _________is the age of puberty for women (12-15)
5. A ejaculation having _____ number of sperms (15 billions)
6. “Semen” means ______ (Dense Sperm with fluid)
7. ______ inhibits testosterone production (Inhibitin)
8. _____ hormone produced by corpus lustrum (progesterone)
9. _____ restrict the reflex action of uterus during pregnancy (progesterone)
10. ____ type of egg produced in human (Alecithal)
11. ____ measurement of Ovum (100 μmicron)
12. ____ layer beyond the zona pellucida (corona radiate)
13. Ovum is otherwise called as _______ (Graafian follicle)
14. Unfertilized ovum is dead within ____ period. (12-24 hrs)
15. Follicular phase between _____ days ( 5 – 14 days)
16. 15 – 28 days _____ phase in menstrual cycle (luteal phase)
17. Corpus luteum changed into ___ tissue (Corpus albicans)
18. _____ % for test tube achieved (20)
19. ____ produce follicular cells (corpus luteum)
20. First test tube baby formed by ______ (Steptoe and Edwards)
21. At present India population _______ (100 cores)
22. Copper ‘T’remains for a period ______ ( 3 years)
23. Permanent family planning method in male is ______ (Vasectomy)
24. Permanent family planning method in female is _____ (Tubectomy)
25. Fertilization take place in female ______ (Fallopian tube)
26. In vitro fertilization take place in ____ stage ( 8 cell stage)
Zoological philosophique was authored by __________ (Lamarck)
2. Lamarckian theory was based on ___________ (inheritance of acquired characters)
3. Germ plasm was proposed by ____________ (August weise man)
4. Lamarkian first law was evidenced by ________ (evolution of horses)
5. The third law of Lamark is concerned with Law of ______(uses and disuse.)
6. The contemporary of Darwin who endorsed with his theory is ______(Alfred
Wallace)
7. _______(Sewal Wright) proposed genetic drift theory.
8. _______(G.L.Stebbins) proposed process of organic evolution.
9. __________(Dobzhansky) proposed synthetic theory of evolution.
10. ___________ (Mc Dougall ) proved learned and behavior could be inherited.
11. ____________(Darwinism ) is considered equivalent to Newton’s law of gravitation.
12. __________(Darwin) wrote the book origin of species.
13. Darwin travelled by the ship by name ______(H.M.Beagle)
14. ____________ (Natural selection) is the key element of Darwinism.
15. _____________ (Pangenesis) is doctrine Darwin had his faith.
16. Bottle neck effect is otherwise called ___________ (sewal wright effect)
17. _________ (Hardy weighnberg law) explained the frequency of allele in the absence
of mutation.
18. A population comprising of sexually interbreeding organisms is termed as the
______ (Genetic population or Mendelian population)
19. __________ (Allopatric speciation) is an example for frogs of Gulf of Mannar.
20. __________ (Sickle cell anemia) is an example for polymorphism.
21. ________ (Sickle cell anemia) is prevalent among negroes.
22. __________ (Mutation) is the basis for evolution.
23. Modified form of Darwinism is _________ (Neo Darwinism)
24. Temperature related changes in the body of mice was noted by ______(F.B. Sumner)
25. Lamarck is popularly known for __________ (theory of inheritance) of acquired
characters.
- Zoology
- Zoology- Page 1
- Zoology- Page 2
- Zoology- Page 3
- Zoology- Page 4
- Zoology- Page 5
- Zoology- Page 6
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- Zoology- Page 9
- Zoology- Page 10
- Zoology- Page 11
- Zoology Notes- Page 1- Nutrition
- Zoology Notes- Page 2- Balanced Diet
- Zoology Notes- Page 3- Human Digestive System
- Zoology Notes- Page 4- Human Respiration
- Zoology Notes- Page 5- Genetics