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​ENVIRONMENTAL  SCIENCE- PAGE 1

ENVIRONMENTAL  SCIENCE​ MCQs- PAGE 1


1:-Three Gorges is a
 A:-Nuclear reactor
 B:-Dam
 C:-Biosphere reserve
 D:-A lake in USA
Ans: B

2:-The science of cryogenic deals with
 A:-Crystallography
 B:-Low temperature
 C:-Low pressure
 D:-Missile technology
Ans: B

3:-The salt concentration in the open sea is
 A:-1.5%
 B:-2.5%
 C:-3.0%
 D:-3.5%
Ans: D

4:-Monsanto is the firm behind introduction of _______ in India.
 A:-Mobile phones
 B:-BT-cotton
 C:-LCD Television
 D:-Plasma TV
Ans: B

5:-EI-Nino is
 A:-A freshwater lake
 B:-An Ocean current
 C:-An air current
 D:-A Glacier
Ans: B

6:-'Kerogen' is
 A:-Protein found in Human hair
 B:-Protein found in cow's milk
 C:-Substance found in Fungal cell wall
 D:-Solid waxy mixture of hydrocarbons
Ans: D

7:-Very low BOD level of a water body indicates that the water is
 A:-Less polluted
 B:-Highly polluted
 C:-Rich in heavy metals
 D:-Contain more organic matter
Ans: A

8:-A vibrational spectroscopy is otherwise known as
 A:-IR spectroscopy
 B:-Microwave spectroscopy
 C:-Electronic spectroscopy
 D:-Raman spectroscopy
Ans: A

9:-'Denitrifiers' do the job of converting
 A:-`NH_(4)` into `NO_(2)`
 B:-`NH_(4)` into `NO_(3)`
 C:-`NO_(3)` into Nitrogen
 D:-Nitrogen into `NO_(3)`
Ans: C

10:-_________ is the zone of ocean where producers of food chain are rarely found.
 A:-Littoral
 B:-Limnetic
 C:-Aphotic of deep sea
 D:-Inter tidal
Ans: C

11:-'Tektites' are
 A:-Solidified droplets of molten rock
 B:-Sediments
 C:-Meteorites
 D:-Satellites
Ans: A

12:-Anemometer is used to measure
 A:-Rain fail
 B:-Humidity
 C:-Air temperature
 D:-Wind velocity
Ans: D

13:-The spectroscopy based on scattering principle is
 A:-Raman
 B:-NMR
 C:-Electronic
 D:-Microwave
Ans: A

14:-Mycorrhizal association occurs between : Fungi and
 A:-Angiosperms
 B:-Moss
 C:-Pteridophytes
 D:-Algae
Ans: A

15:-How many Mega diversity hot spots are present in India ?
 A:-3
 B:-5
 C:-2
 D:-1
Ans: C

16:-Erawady dolphins are found in
 A:-Vembanadu lake
 B:-Chilka lake
 C:-Keibul lamjao
 D:-Lake Superior
Ans: B

17:-Identify 'Quick lime' from the following
 A:-`Ca(OH)_(2)`
 B:-CaO
 C:-`CaCO_(3)`
 D:-`CaHCO_(3)`
Ans: B

18:-Biodegradable plastics contains
 A:-PAH
 B:-PCB
 C:-PHA
 D:-POP
Ans: C

19:-Which one of the following is not found in acid rain ?
 A:-`CH_(3)`COOH
 B:-`HNO_(3)`
 C:-`H_(2)``SO_(3)`
 D:-`H_(2)``SO_(4)`
Ans: A

20:-'Epigeics' is a term related to
 A:-Birds
 B:-Fishes
 C:-Mammals
 D:-Earthworms
Ans: D
​21:-In aerobic metabolism oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor, in ______ metabolism Nitrate is the terminal electron acceptor
 A:-Anaerobic
 B:-Anoxic
 C:-Obligate aerobic
 D:-Fermentation
Ans: B

22:-The amount of `O_(3)` present in atmosphere above a particular location is measured in
 A:-ppm
 B:-ppb
 C:-Dobson Unit
 D:-mg
Ans: C

23:-Meteorology is the study of
 A:-Atmospheric phenomena
 B:-Meteors
 C:-Climate
 D:-All of them
Ans: A

24:-Montreal protocol is related to
 A:-Reducing `CO_(2)` emission
 B:-Reducing emission of CFCs
 C:-Reducing the use of pesticides
 D:-All of the above
Ans: B

25:-Love canal is linked with
 A:-Nuclear power plant
 B:-Hazardous waste
 C:-Algal bloom
 D:-Aral sea
Ans: B

26:-Piping is a phenomenon observed
 A:-In the atmosphere
 B:-Above earth surface
 C:-In the water column
 D:-Below earth surface
Ans: D

27:-Mad hatter disease is linked with
 A:-Cadmium
 B:-Mercury
 C:-Arsenic
 D:-Chromium
Ans: B

28:-London smog is due to high concentration of
 A:-Oxides of nitrogen
 B:-Oxides of sulphur
 C:-Oxides of carbon
 D:-Volatile organic compounds
Ans: B

29:-The saturation concentration of `O_(2)` at sea level is 8.3 mg/L at _______ °C.
 A:-0
 B:-20
 C:-25
 D:-30
Ans: C

30:-Which pesticide is linked with Bhopal gas tragedy ?
 A:-DDT
 B:-Sevin
 C:-Aldrin
 D:-Deldrin
Ans: B

31:-The most abundant fossil fuel in planet earth is
 A:-Peat
 B:-Bitumen
 C:-Coal
 D:-Crude Oil
Ans: C

32:-Which is causing both global warming and ozone depletion ?
 A:-Methane
 B:-Nitrous oxide
 C:-Water vapour
 D:-Carbon dioxide
Ans: B

33:-Global warming will not result in
 A:-Melting of the ice caps
 B:-Increasing sea levels
 C:-Increasing the size of the hole in the ozone layer
 D:-Unpredictable climate patterns
Ans: C

34:-CDM technologies are linked to
 A:-Climate change
 B:-`CO_(2)` release by plants
 C:-Ozone depletion
 D:-Red rains
Ans: A

35:-______ poisoning is known as plumbism.
 A:-Copper
 B:-Mercury
 C:-Lead
 D:-Chromium
Ans: C

36:-Which one of the following is linked with Methaemoglobinaemia ?
 A:-Methyl mercury
 B:-Nitrate
 C:-Cadmium
 D:-Arsenic
Ans: B

37:-Thermocline in a lake is the zone of
 A:-Constant temperature
 B:-Rapid temperature change
 C:-High temperature
 D:-High temperature with neutral pH
Ans: B

38:-Critical species whose extinction cause major changes, may also threaten existence of other species constitute a
 A:-Source population
 B:-Sink population
 C:-Metapopulation
 D:-Keystone species
Ans: D

39:-According to WHO, maximum permissible level of fluoride in drinking water is ________ ppm.
 A:-0.3
 B:-0.5
 C:-1.5
 D:-1.0
Ans: C

40:-The earthquake rated as major is with ________ magnitude on Richter scale.
 A:->8
 B:-7-7.9
 C:-6-6.9
 D:-5-5.9
Ans: B

41:-Tsunami – literally means
 A:-Giant waves
 B:-Water wall
 C:-Harbor waves
 D:-Destructive waves
Ans: C

42:-The energy transfer in the food chain is an example of __________ law of thermodynamics.
 A:-First
 B:-Second
 C:-Third
 D:-Zeroth
Ans: B

43:-The lakes which are poor in nutrients and productivity are ___________ lakes.
 A:-Mesotrophic
 B:-Very small
 C:-Eutrophic
 D:-Oligotrophic
Ans: D

44:-Black colour of the black soils is due to the high content of
 A:-Sodium
 B:-Potassium
 C:-Copper
 D:-Humus
Ans: D

45:-Which one is an example for a secondary air pollutant ?
 A:-`SO_(x)`
 B:-`NO_(x)`
 C:-PAN
 D:-CFC
Ans: C

46:-Silent spring is a _________ on ___________.
 A:-Documentary, climate change
 B:-Movie, Antarctica
 C:-Book, melting of polar ice
 D:-Book, pesticide toxicity
Ans: D

47:-Abyssal zones are located in
 A:-Ponds
 B:-Rivers
 C:-Lakes
 D:-Oceans
Ans: D

48:-The chemical reaction CI +`O_(3)` → CIO + `O_(2)` results in
 A:-Ozone depletion
 B:-Melting of permafrost
 C:-Glaciations
 D:-Greenhouse effect
Ans: A

49:-The maximum amount of water that the soil can hold after the loss of gravitational water is known as
 A:-Hygroscopic water
 B:-Field capacity
 C:-Capillary water
 D:-Stored water
Ans: B

50:-Limnology is a study of
 A:-Aging
 B:-Tics and mites
 C:-Fresh water bodies
 D:-Termites
Ans: C

51:-'Silviculture' refers to the practice of
 A:-Honey bee keeping
 B:-Growing Silk-worms
 C:-Forest management with objective of producing specific plants
 D:-Silver fish culturing
Ans: C

52:-An example of fossil fuel is
 A:-Wood
 B:-Gobar gas
 C:-Charcoal
 D:-Gasoline
Ans: D

53:-The ecosystem of stagnant fresh water habitat is known as __________ ecosystem.
 A:-Standing crop
 B:-Lentic
 C:-Lotic
 D:-Abyssal
Ans: B

54:-'Photochemical smog' is caused by the interaction of
 A:-Hydrocarbons and Ozone
 B:-Hydrocarbons and `NO_(x)`
 C:-`NO_(x)` and Ozone
 D:-Hydrocarbons, `NO_(x)` and Ozone
Ans: D

55:-'Ramsar Convention' is for
 A:-Wetlands
 B:-Tropical Forests
 C:-Oceans
 D:-Mountains
Ans: A

56:-Graphite is used as _________ in ___________.
 A:-Surface coat, electronic chip
 B:-Brush, electronic devices
 C:-Moderator, nuclear reactors
 D:-Packing material, GC columns
Ans: C

57:-Heliophytes are plants which grow in
 A:-Full sunlight
 B:-Low intensity of light
 C:-Complete darkness
 D:-Salt water
Ans: A

58:-Sea water will boil at a temperature
 A:-Higher than pure water
 B:-Lower than pure water
 C:-Same as that of pure water
 D:-Cannot be predicted, it can be higher, same or lower
Ans: A

59:-__________ was absent on earth's atmosphere during the early days of origin of life.
 A:-`CO_(2)`
 B:-`CH_(4)`
 C:-`H_(2)`
 D:-`O_(2)`
Ans: D
60:-Which of the following techniques can be used to estimate the number of microbes in a natural sample ?
 A:-Enrichment culture
 B:-Extinction culture technique
 C:-Microdroplet culture
 D:-Most Probable Number (MPN)
Ans: D

61:-Which of the following environments has the greatest percentage of culturable microbes ?
 A:-saline water
 B:-fresh water
 C:-activated sludge
 D:-soil
Ans: C

62:-Black soils are commonly found in _________
 A:-Rajasthan
 B:-Maharashtra
 C:-Odisha
 D:-Himalayan region
Ans: B

63:-What are the Khetri mines in India famous for ?
 A:-Coal
 B:-Copper
 C:-Iron
 D:-Gold
Ans: B

64:-Which State in India is the largest produce of mica mineral ?
 A:-Andhra Pradesh
 B:-Karnataka
 C:-Madhya Pradesh
 D:-Odisha
Ans: A

65:-The Monazite sands of Kerala beach are rich in
 A:-Radium
 B:-Uranium
 C:-Platinum
 D:-Thorium
Ans: D

66:-Which species of fauna are found in an area separated by natural or geographic barriers ?
 A:-Rare
 B:-Extinct
 C:-Endemic
 D:-Vulnerable
Ans: C

67:-Which of the following is an example of rare species ?
 A:-Blackbuck
 B:-Blue sheep
 C:-Mithun
 D:-Hornbill
Ans: D

68:-Which of the following is not treated under in situ conservation ?
 A:-National park
 B:-Botanical garden
 C:-Wildlife sanctuary
 D:-Biosphere reserve
Ans: B

69:-Which is not a freshwater lake in India ?
 A:-Sambhar lake
 B:-Dal lake
 C:-Nainital lake
 D:-Wular lake
Ans: A

70:-Molasses from sugar industry is used to generate __________
 A:-bio-diesel
 B:-hydrogen
 C:-bio-ethanol
 D:-bio-methanol
Ans: C

71:-The most important fuel used by nuclear power plant is __________
 A:-U-248
 B:-U-235
 C:-U-236
 D:-U-238
Ans: B

72:-Which toxic metal is of greatest concern in urban atmosphere ____________
 A:-Pb
 B:-Hg
 C:-Cd
 D:-As
Ans: A

73:-Which of the following statement regarding PAH is correct ?
 A:-PAHs are synthesised from saturated hydrocarbons under oxygen deficient conditions
 B:-Low molecular mass hydrocarbons form PAHs by pyrosynthesis
 C:-Higher alkanes in fuels form PAH by pyrolysis
 D:-All of the above
Ans: D

74:-Concern about atmospheric mercury is due to its ___________
 A:-toxicity
 B:-volatility
 C:-mobility
 D:-all of the above
Ans: D

75:-Most important source of CO in atmosphere is transportation and is about ________ % of the total CO in atmosphere.
 A:-60%
 B:-65%
 C:-70%
 D:-75%
Ans: B

76:-Photochemical smog is a ____________
 A:-oxidising smog
 B:-reducing smog
 C:-neutral smog
 D:-none of above
Ans: A

77:-The concentration of ozone in the stratosphere is lowest during ___________
 A:-February-April
 B:-July-October
 C:-December-January
 D:-None of above
Ans: B

78:-The optimum DO in natural water is ___________
 A:-3-5 ppm
 B:-4-6 ppm
 C:-5-7 ppm
 D:-6-8 ppm
Ans: B

79:-Example of an organochlorine pesticide is _________
 A:-Malathion
 B:-Carbaryl
 C:-DDT
 D:-Trichlorphon
Ans: C
 
80:-Acid mine drainage is characteristic of mining areas usually within rocks containing an abundance of _________ minerals.
 A:-sulfide minerals
 B:-oxide minerals
 C:-carbonate minerals
 D:-nitrate minerals
Ans: A

81:-The process of conversion of nitrate to ammonium is ______________
 A:-Nitrification
 B:-Nitrogen fixation
 C:-Denitrification
 D:-Ammonification
Ans: D

82:-The first comprehensive environmental legislation in the world is
 A:-National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)-USA
 B:-Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA)-Canada
 C:-EIA Directive-European Union
 D:-Environmental Protection Act EPA-India
Ans: A

83:-The beginning of EIA was made in India with the impact assessment of ______
 A:-River valley projects
 B:-Industrial projects
 C:-Thermal power projects
 D:-Mining projects
Ans: A

84:-In India, Public consultation has been made a mandatory component of EIA by _________
 A:-EIA notification 1994
 B:-Amendments in 1997 to the EIA Notification 1994
 C:-EIA Notification 2006
 D:-Amendments in 2009 to the EIA notification 2006
Ans: B

85:-Which of the statement regarding EIA in India is not correct ?
 A:-All 'A' category projects requrie prior EC from Central Government
 B:-All 'B' category projects require prior EC from the State/Union Territory
 C:-Scoping process is applicable to all A and B projects
 D:-In the scoping stage, TOR for EIA shall be furnished to proponent by EAC or SEAC
Ans: C

86:-___________ stage in the EIA process will identify the key impacts requiring further investigation in connection with a project.
 A:-Screening
 B:-Assessing
 C:-Scoping
 D:-Mitigation
Ans: C

87:-Leopold Matrix involves the use of a matrix with _______ specified actions and ________ potentially impacted environmental characterization.
 A:-90 specified actions and 78 potential impacts
 B:-100 specified actions and 88 potential impacts
 C:-110 specified actions and 98 potential impacts
 D:-120 specified actions and 90 potential impacts
Ans: B

88:-EMS is the component of an organization with primary responsibility for leading, planning, controlling and organizing as they relate specifically to
 A:-Processes
 B:-Products
 C:-Services
 D:-All of the above
Ans: D

89:-____________ series of environmental management standards are intended to assist organizations manage the environmental effect of their business practices.
 A:-ISO 9000
 B:-ISO 13000
 C:-ISO 14000
 D:-ISO 15000
Ans: C

90:-Identify the one wrongly matched
 A:-Environmental Protection Act - 1986
 B:-The Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act - 1981
 C:-The water (prevention and control of pollution) Act - 1975
 D:-The wild life Protection Act - 1972
Ans: C

91:-Identify the wrong match
 A:-Cartagena Protocol - Climate change
 B:-Kyoto Protocol - To reduce green house gases
 C:-Montreal Protocol - Substances depleting `O_3` layer
 D:-Vienna Protocol - Protection of `O_3` layer
Ans: A

92:-The process of converting environmental pollutants into harmless products by naturally occurring microbes is called ____________
 A:-Ex situ bioremediation
 B:-Intrinsic bioremediation
 C:-Extrinsic bioremediation
 D:-None of these
Ans: B

93:-Microbes remove metals by _________
 A:-Adsorption and precipitation
 B:-Adsorption and complexation
 C:-Adsorption and volatilization
 D:-All of the above
Ans: D

94:-Which of the following bacterium is called the superbug that could clean up oil spills ?
 A:-Pseudomonas putida
 B:-Bacillus subtilis
 C:-Pseudomonas denitrificans
 D:-Bacillus denitrificans
Ans: A

95:-Microbial conversion of an insoluble metal into a soluble form
 A:-Bioleaching
 B:-Biodegradation
 C:-Co-metabolism
 D:-Biosorption
Ans: A

96:-Which of the following microorganisms leach metals out of rock ores ?
 A:-Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 B:-Thiobacillus sp.
 C:-Pseudomonas putida
 D:-Bacillus megaterium
Ans: B

97:-Which of the following can be used for the removal of colour from the effluents of pulp mil ?
 A:-Coriolus versicolor
 B:-Phenerochaete chrysosporium
 C:-Nitrosomonas europaen
 D:-Both 1 and 2
Ans: D

98:-Addition of nutrients for enhancing bioremediation is called _______
 A:-Bioaugmentation
 B:-Biostimulation
 C:-Bioreaction
 D:-Bioleaching
Ans: B

99:-In waste water treatment method, the activated sludge process is a _________
 A:-pre-treatment method
 B:-primary treatment method
 C:-secondary treatment method
 D:-tertiary treatment method
Ans: C

100:-Green chemistry aims to ?
 A:-Utilize non-renewable energy
 B:-Design chemical products and processes that work most efficiently
 C:-Design chemical products and process that maximize profits
 D:-Design safer chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances
Ans: D
​
  • Environmental Science
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      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- COMMERCE AND ACCOUNTING
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- ECONOMICS
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- HISTORY
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- LAW
      • UPSC EXAM- FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs)
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- MANAGEMENT
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- MATHEMATICS
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- MEDICAL SCIENCE
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- PHILOSOPHY
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- PHYSICS
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- PSYCHOLOGY
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- SOCIOLOGY
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- STATISTICS
      • UPSC EXAM SYLLABUS- ZOOLOGY
    • THE COMBINED GEOSCIENTIST AND GEOLOGIST EXAMINATION SYLLABUS
    • COMBINED MEDICAL SERVICES EXAMINATION SYLLABUS
    • JOINT ENTRANCE EXAMINATION
    • OPTIONAL SUBJECTS OF UPSC EXAM TOPPERS
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    • COMBINED GRADUATE LEVEL EXAMINATION- SSC
    • OVERVIEW OF GATE EXAM
    • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE >
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- AGRICULTURE
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY SCIENCE
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- BOTANY
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- CHEMISTRY
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
      • GEN. STUDIES- INDIA PAGE 5
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- CIVIL ENGINEERING
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- FORESTRY
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- GEOLOGY
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- MATHEMATICS
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- PHYSICS
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- STATISTICS
      • UPSC INDIAN FOREST SERVICE- SYLLABUS- ZOOLOGY
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