AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

(These syllabus may change from time to time. Please check with the relevant Public Service Commission websites for any changes in the syllabus)

Internal forces, Stresses and strains, Elasticity, Hooke’s law, Poisson’s ratio, Elastic constants and their relationship. Stress-strain diagram for ductile materials. Definition of creep, fatigue and stress relaxation. Statically determinate and indeterminate problems.
Bending of Beams: Shear force and bending moment diagrams for simply supported and cantilever beams. Pure bending. Bending stress in straight beams. Shear stresses in bending of rectangular and I-section beams. Beams of uniform strength.
Torsion and Columns: Torsion of circular shafts. Shear stresses and twist in solid and hollow shafts. Combined bending and torsion. Closely coiled helical springs. Definition of columns, Types of Columns, Equivalent length, Slenderness ratio, Rankine’s formula.
Biaxial Stresses: Analysis of biaxial-stresses, Mohr’s circle. Principal stresses and maximum shear stress-deductions from Mohr’s circle. Stresses in thin walled pressure vessels. Combined bending and torsion.
Deflection of Beams: Differential equation of the elastic axis, double integration and moment methods. Strain energy in tension, compression, shear, bending and torsion. Castigiliano’s theorem.
Classification of fluids. Properties of fluids. Centre of pressure. Plane and curved surfaces. Buoyancy and stability of floating bodies.
Fluid Dynamics: Laws of kinematics of fluid flow. Lagrangian and Eulerian method. Stream function and potential functions. Continuity, momentum and energy equations. Bernoulli’s equations and its applications. Pressure measurements, pitot static tube, venturimeter, and orifice plate. Applications of momentum equations.
Dimensional Analysis: Buckingham’s theorem, Non-dimensional numbers, similarities of flow. Model studies.
Laminar and Turbulent Flows: Reynolds experiments. Flow relation between shear stress and pressure gradient. Flow between parallel plates.
Characteristics of turbulent flow. Flow through pipes. Energy losses in pipes. Flow around immersed bodies.
Fluid Machinery: Principles of operations of centrifugal and axial pumps. Turbo blowers and turbines. Principles and working of gear, vane and reciprocating pumps.
Basic Concepts: Systems, Zeroth law, First law. Steady flow energy equation. Heat and work transfer in flow and non- flow processes. Second law, Kelvin Planks and Clausius statements. Concept of entropy, Clausius inequality, Entropy changes in non-flow processes.
Properties of gases and vapours, Rankine cycle. Air standard cycles: Otto, Diesel Dual combustion and Brayton cycles. Air standard efficiency. Mean effective pressure. Reciprocating air compressors.
One dimensional fluid flow: Application of continuity and energy equations. Isentropic flow of ideal gases through nozzles. Simple jet propulsion system.
Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning: Principles of refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pumps. Vapour compression and vapour absorption systems, co-efficient of performance. Properties of refrigerants.
Heat Transfer: Conduction in parallel, radial and composite wall, Convective heat transfer with laminar and turbulent flows, Overall heat transfer co-efficient. Flow through heat exchangers. Fundamentals of radiative heat transfer.
Introduction: Classification and comparison of manufacturing processes. Criteria for selection of a process.
Casting: sand-casting, types, procedure to make sand moulds, cores-moulding tools, pouring of metals, principle of die casting. Centrifugal casting. Investment casting Shell moulding and CO2 process.
Welding: Classification of welding processes. Principles and equipment used in Gas welding, Arc welding, Resistance welding, Thermitt welding. Soldering. Brazing.
Conventional Machining: General principles of working. Types and commonly performed operations in Lathe, Shaper, Planer, Milling machine, Drilling machine, Grinding machine, Gear cutting.
Unconventional Machining: Need for unconventional machining processes. Principles and application of Abrasive jet machining, Ultrasonic machining, Electro discharge machining, Electromechanical machining, Chemical machining, Laser beam machining, Electron beam machining, Plasma arc machining.
Metal Forming: Basic concepts and classification of forming processes. Principal equipment used and application of Forging, Rolling, Extrusion, Wire drawing, Spinning.
Powder metallurgy, steps involved, applications.
Introduction, validity of series solution of an ordinary differential equation, general method to solve equation of the 12L type: P0y//+P1y/+P2y=0; problems; Bessel’s equation; properties of Bessel’s function; Recurrence formula for Bessel’s function of first kind (Jn(x)); Equation reducible to Bessel’s equation; Legendre’s equation, Legendre function; Recurrence formula for Legendre function (Pn(x)); Orthogonality relation.
Functions, Limits and Continuity, Analytic Functions, Cauchy Riemann Conditions, Analytic Continuation, Complex Integration 10L and Cauchy's Theorem, Cauchy's Integral Formula, Taylor's and Laurent Series, Zeros of an Analytic Function; Poles, Essential Singularities, Residue Theorem and its application to evaluation of integral, Introduction to Conformal Mapping, Simple problems.
Partial Differential Equations (PDE) and its Aplications:
Linear and nonlinear equation of first order; examples; homogeneous linear equations with constant 14L coefficients and variable coefficient of second order, Separation of variables, Formulation and solution of wave equation; one dimensional heat flow equation and solution; two dimensional heat flow equation and solution.
Linear Programming Problem (L.P.P):
Mathematical Formulation, Graphical Solution and Simplex Method, Charnes Big-M Method, Transportation Problems, 12L Assignment Problems (Hungarian Method).
Tension Test: Stress-strain diagram, determination of yield strength, ultimate strength, modulus of elasticity, percentage elongation and percentage reduction in areas; Compression Test, Torsion Test.
Hardness Measurements: Brinnel and Rockwell tests.
Impact tests: Charpy and Izod tests; Bending test: determination of bending stresses; Fatigue Test.
Fluid flow measurements: Coefficient of discharge for venturimeter, orificemeter, nozzle meter, weirs.
Flow through pipes: Pipe friction in laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Pitot tube experiments on viscous flow and boundary layer theory. Experiment on fluid machinery: Pumps, jet pumps, blowers, and compressors.
pattern making; pattern material, pattern allowances and types of patterns.
Introduction to primary technology processes involving casting, preparation of foundry sand and molds, Experiments on properties of post casting, fettling, cleaning, deburring, polishing and painting operations.
Mould making Practice: Uses of moulding tools: green sand moulding, gating system, risering system, core making.
Casting: sand preparation, sand testing: specimen preparation, permeability, clay content, grain fineness number, green compression strength, green shear strength, dry strength, hardness. Characterisation of materials - solids and fluids. Study of cupola.
Computer aided drafting problems, Dimension and geometrical tolerancing, Surface modules and representation, Examples.
Problems of two and three-dimensional geometric models, Solid modeling based applications,
Partial views and scientific problems, Auxiliary sections, Simple mechanical assembly drawings, Schematic product symbols for standard components in mechanical, electrical and electronic systems, welding symbols.
Solution of equations and eigenvalue problems: Iterative method, Newton-Raphson method for single variable and for simultaneous equations with two variables. Solutions of linear system by Gaussian, Gauss-Jordan, Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods. Inverse of a matrix by GaussJordan method. Eigenvalue of a matrix by power and Jacobi methods.
Interpolation: Newton’s divided difference formula, Lagrange and Hermit’s polynomials. Newton forward and backward difference formulae, Stirling’s and Bessel’s central difference formulae.
Numerical Differentiation and Integration: Numerical differentiation with interpolation polynomials, Numerical integration by Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules. Two and three point Gaussian quardrature formula. Double integrals using Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules.
Initial value problems for ordinary differential equations: Single Step Methods-Taylor Series, Euler and Modified Euler, Runge-Kutta method of order four for first and second order differential equations.
Boundary value problems for ordinary and partial differential equations: Finite difference solution for the second order ordinary differential equations. Finite difference solution for one-dimensional heat equation one-dimensional wave equation and two-dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations.
Conduction: Fourier law of heat conduction for isotropic material. Thermal conductivity. Derivation of the energy equation in three dimensions including transient effect. Nondimensional-thermal diffusivity and Fourier number. Types of boundary conditions- (Dirchlet, Neumann, mixed type). One-dimensional solution with and without heat generation. Analogy with electrical circuits.
Fins: rectangular and pin fins. Fin effectiveness and efficiency.
Critical thickness of insulation.
Radiation: Physical mechanism of thermal radiation, laws of radiation, definition of black body emissive power, intensity of the radiation, emissivity, reflectivity, transmittivity, irradiation, radiosity. Radiation exchange between black bodies. Concept of Gray-Diffuse Isotropic (GDI) surface. Radiation exchange between GDI surfaces.
Convection: Introduction, Newton’s law of cooling and significance of the heat transfer co-efficient. Momentum and energy equations in two dimensions, nondimensionalisation, importance of nondimensional quantities and their physical significance. Order of magnitude analysis for flow over a flat plate. Velocity and Analogies between momentum, heat and mass transfer. Natural convection.
Heat exchangers: Types of heat exchangers, parallel and counter flow types, Introductions to LMTD. Correction factors, fouling factor. Combustion Analysis: Fuels, HIV and LTV, Air requirements, excess air, analysis of products of combustion. Enthalpy of formation, adiabatic flame temperature, enthalpy of combustion, heat of reaction. Analysis of fuels and fuel gas. Orsats apparatus.
Engine Construction and Operation: Constructional details of 4-stroke petrol engine. Working principle, Otto cycle, actual indicator diagram. Two stroke engine construction and operation. Comparison of four stroke and two-stroke engine operation. Firing order and its significance. SI Engine Fuel System: Carburettor working principle. Requirements of an automotive carburettor; Starting, idling, acceleration and normal circuits of carburettors, compensation, Maximum power devices, constant choke and constant vacuum carburetors. Fuel feed systems, Mechanical and electrical pumps. Petrol injection.
Cooling and Lubrication System: Need for cooling system. Types of cooling system, Liquid cooled system, Thermosyphon system, Pressure cooling system. Lubrication system, Mist lubrication system, Wet sump and dry sump lubrication. Properties of lubricants. Properties of coolants.
Combustion and Combustion Chambers: Combustion in SI engines, stages of combustion, flame propagation, rate of pressure rise, abnormal combustion, knocks. Effect of engine variables and knock. Combustion chambers, Different types, Factor controlling combustion chamber design.
Two Stroke Engines: Types of two strokes engines, Terminologies and definitions, Theoretical scavenging methods. Scavenging pumps. Types of scavenging.
Mechanisms and machines; Elements of kinematic chain, mobility and range of movements, miscellaneous mechanisms, Straight line generating mechanisms. Intermittent motion mechanism.
Velocity and acceleration- analysis of displacement, planar mechanisms by graphical, analytical and computer aided methods, Synthesis of linkages, Kinematic analysis of machine elements, Freudeustein's equation, Dimensional analysis for motion, Functioning and path generation. Dynamics of rotary and reciprocating machines, Critical speeds, Turning moment diagrams and flywheels, Cam profile analysis, gear tooth profiles, static and dynamic force analysis of constrained kinematic systems, Precisional motions and gyroscopic stability.
General considerations and procedure of machine design, design stress, factor of safety, stress and deflection analysis, engineering materials and applications, fits and tolerances, design of fasteners and fastenings - pin, cotter, knuckle, screw, rivets and welded joints. Design of shafts and couplings, common power and force transmitting power screws, belt drives and springs.
calibration, standards, generalized measurement systems static and dynamic performance characteristic; Analysis of experimental data; Instrumentation for measurement of position and displacement, force, velocity, temperature, proximity and range. Concept of feedback; Open and close loop control systems, transducers and devices for engineering applications, digital readouts, data acquisition and processing.
Metrology: Standards, slip gauges, Measurement of angles, tapers, threads, coordinates, inspection of straightness, flatness, alignment and surface finish, gear measurements, Measurements of various product features using Mechanical, Pneumatic, Optical and Electronic Instruments, Interferometry and use of optical flats.
Experiments on heat transfer: thermal conductivity of solids, liquids and gases, natural and forced convection, boiling heat transfer, cooling tower;
Experiments on emissivity and absorvity; Heat exchangers: LMTD methods, mass transfer.
Surface preparation and etching techniques, heat treatment and metallographic studies.
Drafting exercises involving preparation of detailed drawings of product assembly
Aggregation of assembly, exploded machine kinematics, foundation of structure Drawings and multilayered system drawing, Computer aided drafting using softwares like CATIA, AUTOCAD and Pro engineer.
Design for variable loads: Endurance limit, Goodman and Soderberg criteria, Design of shafts, clutches and brakes - calculation of heat generation and heat dissipation; Gears: Gear tooth geometry, tooth systems, gear trains, gear box design, design of helical, bevel and worm gears from strength and wear considerations; Flywheel design; Bearings and lubrication: selection procedure of antifriction bearings, journal bearings, hydrodynamic theory, design factors, the relation of the variables, heat balance, hydrostatic bearings. Concept of concurrent and simultaneous engineering. Example problems in design of mechanical systems.
Engine construction and operation. Two stroke and four stroke diesel engines. Diesel cycle. Fuel-air and actual cycle analysis. Diesel fuel, Ignition quality. Cetane number.
Fuel Injection System: Requirements, Air and solid injection, function of components, Jerk and distributor type Pumps. Pressure waves, Injection lag, Unit injector, Mechanical and Pneumatic governors. Fuel injector-types of injection nozzle, Spray characteristics, injection timing, pump calibration.
Combustion Chambers: Importance of air motion-swirl, squish and turbulence-swirl ratio. Fuel air mixing –stages of combustion, delay period, factors affecting delay period. Knock in CI engines-comparison of knock in CI & SI engines. Direct and indirect injection. Combustion Chambers-Air cell chamber, combustion chamber design objectives. Different types of combustion chamber.
Supercharging and Turbocharging: Necessity and limitation, Charge cooling, Types of supercharging and turbocharging, relative merits, matching of turbocharger.
Diesel Engine Testing and Performance: Automotive and stationary diesel engine testing and related standards. Engine power and efficiencies. Performance characteristics. Variables affecting engine performance. Methods to improve engine performance. Heat balance. Performance maps.
Elasticity. Stress and strain relationship in engineering materials. Deformation mechanism. Strengthening material: Strain hardening, alloying, polyphase mixture, martensitic, precipitation, dispersion, fibre and texture strengthening. Iron carbon diagram.
Fracture, Fatigue and Creep: Fracture, classification and types, Griffith’s theory, notch effects, stress concentration, concept of fracture toughness. Ductile brittle transition. Fatigue Mechanism of crack initiation and growth, factors affecting fatigue creep, creep curve, Ashby deformation mechanism maps, and creep mechanism, metallurgical variables of creep.
Characteristics of Materials: Castability, machinability, formability and weldability of engineering materials such as steel, cast iron, alloy steels, brass, bronze and aluminum alloys.
Composite materials: fabrication techniques, materials for high temperature. Cryogenic wear, corrosion fatigued creep and oxidation resistance application.
Selection of materials: Criteria of selecting materials for automotive components viz Cylinder block, Cylinder head, Piston, Piston ring, Gudgeon pin, Connecting rod, Crank shaft, Crank case, Cam, Cam shaft, Engine valve, Gear wheel, Clutch plate, Axle bearings, Chassis, Spring, body panel radiator, brake lining etc. Application of non-metallic materials such as composite, ceramic and polymers in automobile.
Heat Treatment and Surface Treatment: Heat treatment of steel. Annealing –types, normalising, hardening and tempering with specific relevance to automotive components, surface hardening techiniques, induction flame and chemical hardening. Coating and corrosion resistance. Electroplating, phosphating, anodizing, hot dipping, thermal spraying, hard-facing and thin film coatings.
Requirement of transmission system.
Different types of clutch: Principle, construction, torque capacity and design aspects.
Determination of gear ratios for vehicles. Performance characteristic in different speeds. Different types of gearbox, conventional gearbox. Hydrodynamic Drive: Fluid coupling: Principle of operation. Constructional details, torque capacity. performance characteristics, reduction of drag torques.
Torque Converter: Principle of operation, constructional details, performance characteristics, converter coupling, multistage torque converters and polyphase torque converters.
Automotive Transmission: Ford—T-model gearbox, Wilson gearbox, Electro-magnetic transmission, Automatic overdrive, Hydraulic control system for automatic transmission.
Hydrostatic Drive and Electric Drive: Hydrostatic drive: Various types of hydrostatic drive systems-Principles of hydrostatic drive system, Advantages and limitations. Comparison of hydrostatic drive with hydrodynamic drive, Construction and working of typical Janny hydrostatic drive.
Electric drive: Principles of early and modified Ward Leonard Control system, advantages & limitations. performance characteristics.
Automatic Transmission Applications: Chevrolet “Turboglide” transmission, power glide transmission, Toyota “ECT-I” automatic transmission with intelligent electronic control system. Clutch hydraulic actuation system.
Types of chassis layout with reference to power plant locations and drive. Vehicle frames. Various types of frames. Constructional details. Materials. Testing of vehicles frames. Unitised frame body construction, Loads acting on vehicle frame.
Front axle and Steering System: Types of front axle. Constructions details. Materials. Front wheel geometry viz. Castor, Camber, King pin inclination, Toe-in. Conditions for true rolling motion of wheels during steering. Steering geometry. Ackerman and Davis steering system. Constructional details of steering linkages. Different types of steering gear boxes. Steering linkages and layouts. Power and Power assisted steering. Steering of crawler tractors.
Drive Line: Effect of driving thrust and torque reactions. Hotch Kiss drive, torque tube drive and radius rods. Propeller shaft. Universal joints. Constants velocity universal joints. Front wheel drive.
Final Drive Differential: Different types of final drive. Worm and worm wheel, Straight bevel gear, Sprial bevel gear and hypoid gear final drives. Double reduction and twin speed final drives. Differential principles. Construction details of differential unit. Non-slip differential. Differential locks. Differential housings.
Rear Axles: Construction of rear axles. Types of loads acting on rear axles. Full floating. Three quarter floating and semi floating rear axles. Rear axle housing. Construction of different types of axle housings. Multi axles vehicles. Construction details of multi drive axle vehicles. Suspension System: Need of suspension system, types of suspension, suspension springs, constructional details and characteristics of leaf, coil and torsion bar springs. Independent suspension, Rubber suspension, Pneumatic suspension, Shock absorbers.
Braking System: Classification of brakes, drum brake & disc brakes. Constructional details-Theory of braking. Mechanical hydraulic and Pneumatic brakes. Servo brake. Power and power assisted brakes-different types of retarders like eddy current and hydraulic retarder. Anti lock braking systems.
Study of various makes of four-stroke and two-stroke spark-ignition and compression ignition engines and components by dismantling and assembling various parts. Comparison of engine components.
Study and measurement of various makes of Automobile Chassis, such as Tata, Leyland, Ambassador etc.
Study, dismantling and Assembling of Front axle, Rear axle, Clutch, Gear box, Steering system, Braking system, Differential mechanism
Batteries: Principles and construction of lead-acid battery. Characteristics of battery, rating capacity and efficiency of batteries. Various tests on battery condition, charging methods. Constructional aspect of alkaline battery.
Starting System: Condition at starting. Behavuiour of starter during starting. Series motor and its characteristics. Principle & construction of starter motor. Working of different starter drive units, care and maintenance of starter motor. Starter Switches.
Charging System: Generation of direct current. Shunt generator characteristics. Armature reaction. Third brush regulation. Cut-out. Voltage & current regulators. Compensated voltage regulator alternators principle & constructional aspects and bridge benefits.
Ignition Systems : Types, Construction & working of battery coil and magneto ignition systems. Relative merits, Centrifugal and vacuum advance mechanisms, types and construction of spark plugs, electronic ignition systems.
Lighting System & Accessories: Insulated & earth return systems. Positive & negative earth systems. Details of head light & side light. Headlight dazzling & preventive methods. Electrical fuel-pump, Speedometer, Fuel, oil & temperature gauges, Horn, Wiper system, Trafficator.
Automotive Electronics: Current trends in modern automobiles, Open and close loop systems-Components for electronic engine management. Electronic management of chassis system. Vehicle motion control.
Sensors and Actuators: Basic sensor arrangement, Types of sensors such as-Oxygen sensors, Crank angle position sensors-Fuel metering/vehicle speed sensor and detonation sensor-Altitude sensor, flow sensor. Throttle position sensors. Solenoids, stepper motors, and relays.
Electronic Fuel Injection and Ignition Systems: Introduction, feed back carburetor systems. Throttle body injection and multi port or point fuel injection., fuel injection systems, Injection system controls. Advantages of electronic ignition systems: Types of solid-state ignition systems and their principle of operation, Contact less electronic ignition system, and electronic spark timing control.
Digital Engine Control System: Open loop and closed loop control systems-Engine cranking and warm up control-Acceleration enrichment-Deceleration leaning and idle speed control. Distributor less ignition-Integrated engine control systems, Exhaust emission control engineering.
Electronic dashboard instruments-Onboard diagnosis system, security and warning system.
Car Body Details: Types: Saloon, Convertibles, Limousine, Estate van, racing and sports car. Visibility: regulations, driver’s visibility, test for visibility, Methods of improving visibility and space in cars. Safety: safety design, safety equipments for car. Car body construction.
Vehicle Aerodynamics: Objectives, Vehicle drag and types, various types of forces and moments, Effects of forces and moments, side wind effects on forces and moments, various body optimization techniques for minimum drag. Wind tunnel testing: Flow visualization techniques, scale model testing. Component balance to measure forces and moments.
Bus Body Details: Types, mini bus, single decker, double decker, two level, split level and articulated bus. Bus Body Lay Out: Floor height, engine location, entrance and exit location, seating dimensions. Constructional details: Frame construction, Double skin construction-Types of metal section used-Regulations-Conventional and Integral type construction.
Commercial Vehicle Details: Types of body, Flat platform, drop side, fixed side, tipper body, tanker body. Light commercial vehicle body types, Dimensions of driver’s seat in relation to controls, driver’s cabin design.
Body Materials, Trim And Mechanisms: Steel sheet, timber, plastics, GRP, properties of materials-Corrosion anticorrosion methods, scalation of paint and painting process, body trim items. Body mechanisms.
Power Unit: Two stroke and four stroke SI engine, merits and demerits. Symmetrical and unsymmetrical port timing diagrams. Types of scavenging processes merits and demerits, scavenging efficiency. Scavenging pumps. Rotary valve engine. Fuel system. Lubrication system. Magneto coil and battery coil spark ignition system. electronic Ignition system. Starting system. Kick starter system.
Chassis and Sub-Systems: Mainframe, its types. Chassis and shaft drive. Single, multiple plates and centrifugal clutches. Gear box and gear controls. Front and rear suspension- systems. Shock absorbers. Panel meters and controls on handle bar.
Brake and Wheels: Drum brakes, Disc brakes, front and rear brake links layouts. Spoked wheel, Cast wheel. Disc wheel. Disc types. Tyres & tubes.
Two Wheelers: Case study of major Indian models of motorcycles, SCOOTERS AND MOPEDS. Bajaj, Vespa, Lambretta scooters. Enfield, TVS-Suzuki, Hero-Honda, Yamaha RX-100, Kawasaki Bajaj Motor cycle. Kinetic Spark, Hero Majestic, TVS mopeds. Servicing and maintenance.
Three Wheelers: Case study of Indian Models. Front engine and rear engine. Auto rickshaws. Pickup van. Delivery Van and Trailer.
Pollutants-sources-formation-effects-transient operational effects on pollution.
SI engine Combustion and Pollutant Formation: Chemistry of SI engine Combustion, HC and CO formation in 4 stroke and 2 stroke SI engines, NO formation in SI Engines, Effect of operating variables on emission formation.
Cl engine Combustion and Emissions: Basic of diesel combustion-Smoke emission in diesel engines-Particulate emission in diesel engines. Color and aldehyde emissions from diesel engines, Effect of operating variables on emission formation.
Control Techniques for SI and CI: Design changes, optimization of operating factors, exhaust gas re-circulation, fumigation, air injector PCV system-Exhaust treatment in SI engines-Thermal reactors-Catalytic converters, Catalysts, Use of unleaded petrol.
Test Procedure & Instrumentation for Emission Measurement and Emission Standards: Test procedures-NDIR analyzer, Flame ionization detectors, Chemiluminescent analyzer, Gas chromatograph, Smoke meters, Emission standards.
Quality Concepts: Quality-Factors influencing quality, quality costs, economics of quality, quality assurancestatistical tools used in quality in SQC, Quality planning, Organization for quality. Bureau of Indian standards, ISO 9000-quality circles KAIZEN-TQM concepts-Quality audit.
Statistical Process Control: Variation in processes, Factors, Process capability, Analysis of process capability, control charts, variables, Attributes, Establishing and interpreting control charts, X,R, chart for variables, defects, P chart, C-chart and U chart-Con-troll charts for defective quality rating
Acceptance Sampling: Lot-by-lot sampling, types probability of acceptance in single double, multiple sampling techniques-O.C. curvesprocedure’s Risk and consumers Risk AQL, LTPD, AOQL concepts-standard sampling plans for AQL AND LTPD- uses of standard sampling plans.
Life Testing-Reliability-Systems Approach: Life testing-objectives-classification-failure characteristics-failure data analysis-mean time to failure-maintainability and availability-reliability-system reliability-series and parallel systems-systems reliability in terms of probability of failure-MTBF-Acceptance sampling based on reliability test OC curves.
Quality and Reliability: Reliability improvement-techniques, use of parato analysis - Design for reliability, Redundancy, standby redundancy, failsafe systems-optimization in reliability, product design, product analysis, product development product cycle.
Study of rectifier and filters, Characteristics of amplifiers, Study of Logic Gates, Adder and Flip-Flops, Study of SCR and IC timer, D/A and A/D converter, Assembly language programming exercise, Interfacing A/D converter and simple data acquisition, Interfacing Stepper motor control and CRT terminal, Micro controller programming and interfacing, Study of battery charging system and setting of regulators and out.
Study of Pressure pickups, charge amplifier, storage oscilloscope and signal analysers used for IC engine testing.
Performance study of petrol and diesel engines both at full load and part load conditions.
Morse test on petrol and diesel engines.
Determination of compression ratio, volumetric efficiency and optimum cooling water flow rate in engines.
Heat balance test on an automotive engine.
Testing of 2 and 4 wheelers using chassis dynamometers.
Study of NDIR Gas Analyser and FID
Study of Chemiluminescent NOx analyzer
Measurement of HC, CO, CO2, O2 using exhaust gas analyzer Diesel smoke measurement.
Study and layout of an automobile repair, service and maintenance shop.
Study and preparation of different statements/records required for the repair and maintenance works
Study and preparation of the list of different types of tools and instruments required
Minor and major tune up of gasoline and diesel engines
Fault diagnosis in electrical ignition system gasoline fuel system, diesel fuel system and rectification
Study of faults in the electrical systems such as Head lights, Side of Parking lights, Trafficator lights, Electric horn system, Windscreen wiper system, Starter system and Charging system
Study of fuel filters (both gasoline and diesel engines) and air cleaners (dry and wet)
Simple tinkering, soldering works of body panels, sutudy of door lock and window glass rising mechanisms.
Fundamentals of vibration, Mechanical vibrating systems. Modeling & simulation. Model of an automobile-Single, two, multi degrees of freedom systems-Free, forced and damped vibration. Magnification factor-Transmissibility, Vibration absorber.
Multi Degree Of Freedom Systems: Closed coupled system, Eigen valve problems, Far coupled systems-Orthogonality of mode shapes-Modal analysis, Forced vibration by matrix inversion.
Suspension and Tyres: Requirements. Spring mass frequency. Wheel hop, wheel wobble, wheel shimmy. Choice of suspension spring rate. Calculation of effective spring rate. Vehicle suspension in fore and apt directions. Ride characteristics of tyres, behaviour while cornering, power consumed by tyre, effect of driving and braking torque-Gough’s tyre characteristics.
Vehicle Handling: Oversteer, under steer, steady state concerning. Effect of braking, driving torques on steering. Effect of camber, transient effects in concerning. Directional Stability of vehicles.
Stability of Vehicles: Load distribution. Calculation of tractive effort and reactions for different drives-Stability of a vehicle on a slope, on a curve and a banked road.
Numerical Methods: Approximate methods for fundamental frequency, Dunker-Ley’s lower bound, Rayleigh’s upper bound-Holzer method for close-coupled systems and branched systems.
Operations Research: Introduction to OR, definition, linear programming; graphical method, simplex method, dual problem, dual simplex method, transportation and assignment problems, Project Management: CPM and PERT, Queuing theory, Game theory, Markov chain, Monte Carlo Simulation. Industrial Management: Principles and functions of Management: Leadership and decision making,
Human resources: personnel management, industrial legislation and relations, industrial psychology, manpower planning, training and development, health, safety, welfare, remuneration and incentive schemes.
Materials, Purchase and Stores Management: Inventory control.
Sales and Marketing Management.
Cost Accounting and Control, Budget and Budgetary control.
Science, Technology and Engineering as knowledge and as social and professional activities.
Inter-relationship of technology growth and social, economic and cultural growth; historical perspective.
Ancient, medieval and modern technology/industrial revolution and its impact; the Indian Science and Technology.
Social and human critiques of technology; Mumford and Ellul.
Rapid technological growth and depletion of resources; reports of the club of Rome; limits to growth; sustainable development.
Energy crisis, renewable energy resources.
Environmental degradation and pollution; eco-friendly technologies; environmental regulations; environmental ethics.
Technology and the arms race; the nuclear threat.
Appropriate technology movement of Schumacher; later developments.
Technology and the developing nations; problems of technology transfer; technology assessment/impact analysis.
Human operator in engineering projects and industries; problems of man-machine interaction; impact of assembly line and automation; human centred technology.
Industrial hazards and safety; safety regulations, safety engineering.
Politics and technology; authoritarian versus democratic control of technology; social and ethical audit of industrial organizations.
Engineering profession; ethical issues in engineering practice; conflicts between business demands and professional ideals; social and ethical responsibilities of the engineer; codes of professional ethics; whistle blowing and beyond; case studies.
Interaction between economic theory and production; concept of firm, industry and economy.
Consumer behavior, utility, indifference curves and maps; consumers' supply, demand function.
Production function, effect of technology, short and long ranges cost functions, monopoly and competition, determination of price, price discrimination, pricing of products.
Function of financial management and financial executive; nature of risk, interrelationship between risk and return; effect of tax on return. Analysis and interpretation of standard financial statements.
Concept of operating cycle and working capital management.
Planning of profit and leverage (operating and financial).
Project evaluation indices like NPV, IRR.
Definition and scope of cost accountancy and costing methods; Elements of cost identifications; Recording, ascertainment of direct material and labour cost; Overhead classification, distribution and absorption; Process costing, uniform, marginal and standard costing methods; Case studies showing application of financial management and costing methods.
Design and drawing of Cam and Camshaft, Cam profile generation.
Design of combustion chamber.
Design and drawing of engine complete assembly with cylinder block, cylinder head, crankcase, valve ports, water jackets, front and rear end details.
Clutch: Components and assembly drawing using CAD Software.
Gear Box: Gear train calculations. Layout of gearbox. Calculation of bearing loads and selection of bearings. Complete assembly drawing using CAD Software.

AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING MCQs

1:-The magnitude of slip angle is small at
A:-Low speed
B:-Medium speed
C:-High speed
D:-Very high speed
Ans: A

2:-In SI engine, which one of the following combustion chamber have centrally located spark plug?
A:-Flat head
B:-Hemispherical
C:-Wedge type
D:-Inverted bath tub
Ans: B

3:-To improve the resistance to wear and corrosion, cylinder liners are plated with
A:-Platinum
B:-Vanadium
C:-Zinc
D:-Chromium
Ans: D

4:-Which one of the following is not an advantage of toothed belt drive?
A:-Silent drive
B:-Lowest cost
C:-Long life
D:-No need of lubrication
Ans: C

5:-Tendency of fuel to change from liquid to vapour form is called
A:-Pour point
B:-Volatility
C:-Viscosity
D:-Flash point
Ans: B

6:-Cold plugs are generally used in
A:-High speed heavy duty engines
B:-Low speed heavy duty engines
C:-Low speed medium duty engines
D:-Both (2) and (3)
Ans: A

7:-Which one of the given carburetor is a constant vacuum type?
A:-Carter carburetor
B:-S.U. carburetor
C:-Zenith carburetor
D:-Solex carburetor
Ans: B

8:-What are the advantages of dual mass fly wheel over a single fly wheel?
A:-Less synchronization wear
B:-Gear shifting easy
C:-Reducing neutral gear rattle
D:-All of these
Ans: D

9:-More injection delay period will lead to
A:-Diesel knock
B:-Detonation
C:-Both (1) and (2)
D:-Controlled combustion
Ans: A

10:-Which one of the following is not a part of cover assembly in a clutch?
A:-Pressure plate
B:-Release lever
C:-Release bearing
D:-Springs
Ans: C