PSYCHOLOGY- PAGE 2
Psychology MCQs
1. We sometimes attempt to solve problems by applying the techniques that worked in similar situations in the past. What type of method are we using?
(A) Trial and error
(B) Analogy
(C) Algorithms
(D) Heuristics
Ans: B
2. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): If your teacher embarrasses you for asking a question in class, it is less likely that you would ask questions in class in future.
Reason (R): Negative reinforcement reduces the occurrence of a behaviour.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
3. What is the correct sequence of sympathetic and parasympathetic division given below?
(A) Thoracic – Sacral – Cranial – Cervical – Lumbar
(B) Cranial – Lumbar – Thoracic – Cervical – Sacral
(C) Sacral – Cervical – Thoracic – Cranial – Lumbar
(D) Sacral – Cranial – Cervical – Thoracic – Lumbar
Ans: C
4. The human ear can generally hear sounds ranging from
(A) 20 – 1000 Hz
(B) 10 – 2000 Hz
(C) 20 – 2000 Hz
(D) 1000 – 5000 Hz
Ans: C
5. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Personality Theories) (Focus)
a. Behaviourists 1. Self-concepts
b. Psychodynamic 2. Habits
c. Biological 3. Childhood fixations
d. Humanistic 4. Inheritance of genes
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 1 3 4 2
(B) 2 4 3 1
(C) 2 3 4 1
(D) 1 4 2 3
Ans: C
6. The chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance is called
(A) Intelligence Quotient
(B) Maturation
(C) Mental age
(D) None of the above
Ans: C
7. The role of unconscious in creative thinking is known as the process of
(A) Verification
(B) Illumination
(C) Inoculation
(D) Incubation
Ans: C
8. Which factor is not much related to happiness?
(A) High self-esteem
(B) Educational level
(C) Close friendship or satisfactory marriage
(D) Meaningful religious faith
Ans: B
9. Which is the correct order of ‘Products’ given by Guilford?
(A) Units, Relations, Classes, Systems, Implications, Transformations
(B) Units, Classes, Systems, Relations, Implications, Transformations
(C) Units, Classes, Relations, Systems, Transformations, Implications
(D) Units, Classes, Systems, Relations, Transformations, Implications
Ans: C
10. Which is not the obstacle to problem solving?
(A) Confirmation bias
(B) Fixation
(C) Mental Set
(D) Heuristics
Ans: D
11. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A), and the other labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Algorithm is a logical rule that guarantees solving a particular problem.
Reason (R): One can find the solution even to complex problems by following step by step procedure.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
12. Which of the following statements concerning reinforcement is correct?
(A) Learning is most rapid with partial reinforcement, but continuous reinforcement produces the greatest resistance to extinction.
(B) Learning is most rapid with continuous reinforcement but partial reinforcement produces the greatest resistance to extinction.
(C) Learning is the fastest and resistance to extinction is the greatest after continuous reinforcement.
(D) Learning is the fastest and resistance to extinction is the greatest following partial reinforcement.
Ans: B
13. The sentence “Blue Jeans wear false smiles” has correct _______ but incorrect ________.
(A) Morphemes; phonemes
(B) Phonemes; morphemes
(C) Semantics; syntax
(D) Syntax; semantics
Ans: D
14. Match the following lists according to the types and characteristics of thinking:
List – I List – II
(Types of Thinking) (Characteristics)
a. Autistic thinking 1. Reasoning
b. Realistic thinking 2. Drawing facts
c. Convergent thinking 3. Unusual uses
d. Creative thinking 4. Fantasy
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 1 3 4 2
(B) 3 1 2 4
(C) 2 1 3 4
(D) 4 1 2 3
Ans: D
15. The main function of autoclitic behaviour is to
1. Qualify responses
2. Express relations
3. Providing a grammatical framework for verbal behaviour
Codes:
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: D
16. The phi-phenomenon, stroboscopic motion, induced motion and autokinetic motion are all
(A) Pictorial cues
(B) Apparent motion
(C) Double images
(D) Non-verbal cues
Ans: B
17. Which one of the following is the most important feature of the defence mechanism of Rationalization?
(A) Going back to an earlier stage of development.
(B) Justifying one’s actions.
(C) Magically atoning for certain acts that give rise to guilt.
(D) Attributing one’s emotions to other persons.
Ans: B
18. “People control basic anxiety by moving toward, away from, and against others.”
Which group of personality psychologists theorized this statement?
(A) Psychoanalytic
(B) Neo-Freudian
(C) Social learning
(D) Cognitive
Ans: B
19. A psychotic person would probably score the highest on which MMPI-2 scale?
(A) Depression
(B) Hysteria
(C) Schizophrenia
(D) Mania
Ans: C
20. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer by using the codes given below the lists:
List – I List – II
(Part of eye) (Function)
p. Pupil 1. Focus images on the retina.
q. Iris 2. Begin the processing of visual information.
r. Lens 3. Allows light to enter.
s. Retina 4. Controls the size of the pupil.
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 1 3 4 2
(D) 4 2 1 3
Ans: B
21. Learning by imitating others’ behaviour is called ______ learning. The researcher best known for studying this type of learning is
(A) Observational: Bandura
(B) Secondary: Pavlov
(C) Observational: Watson
(D) Secondary: Skinner
Ans: A
22. As we enter a movie theatre from bright light the visual sensitivity increases and within 5-10 minutes we are able to see under low levels of illumination. This is due to
(A) Visual acuity
(B) Dark adaptation
(C) Saturation
(D) Transduction
Ans: B
23. Which of the following internal conditions determine perceptual process?
1. Intelligence
2. Emotion
3. Motivation
4. Information
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 2 and 4 only
(D) 1 and 4 only
Ans: B
24. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale has eleven subtests out of which
(A) Five are verbal and six are performance.
(B) Six are verbal and five are performance.
(C) Seven are verbal and four are performance.
(D) Four are verbal and seven are performance.
Ans: B
25. What is the correct sequence of memory processes? Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
1. Encoding
2. Storage
3. Attention
4. Retrieval
Codes:
(A) 3, 1, 2, 4
(B) 2, 3, 1, 4
(C) 1, 3, 2, 4
(D) 3, 2, 1, 4
Ans: A
26. Observational learning involves:
1. Attention and retention
2. Attention and Reinforcement
3. Production processes and motivation
4. Reinforcement and motivation
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 2 and 4 only
(C) 3 and 4 only
(D) 1 and 2 only
Ans: A
27. Which of the following factors reduce the accuracy of eyewitness testimony?
1. Suggestibility
2. Source monitoring errors
3. Interference
4. Decay of memory traces
5. Illusion of out-group homogeneity
Codes:
(A) 1, 2 and 3
(B) 1, 3 and 4
(C) 1, 2 and 5
(D) 2, 3 and 5
Ans: C
28. Micro sleep occurs mainly due to one of the following:
(A) Sleep disorder
(B) Drugged state
(C) Sleep deprivation
(D) Dreaming state
Ans: C
29. Self-Efficacy is
(A) A person’s mental model of his or her ability and attitudes.
(B) A generalised evaluative attitude toward the self that influences both moods and behaviour
(C) The process by which a person comes to know or perceive the personal attributes
(D) A set of beliefs that one can perform adequately in a particular situation.
Ans: D
30. Which one of the following is a product in Guilford’s model?
(A) Evaluation
(B) Cognition
(C) Transformation
(D) Symbols
Ans: C
Instructions for Questions 31 to 34:
Read the following information and answer the four questions that follow:
A researcher wanted to test the hypothesis that a given drug would adversely affect the rate of learning. A group of 40 subjects was employed in the research. Each subject was required to learn a task upto two errorless trials. Then each subject was given a specified drug dosage (1mg/body weight in kilogram) and thirty minutes after, the subject was required to learn another equated learning task upto two errorless trials. The number of trials required to learn each task followed a normal distribution. The mean number of trials required to learn the tasks were 24 and 20 only for normal and ‘drugged conditions’, respectively. The two conditions had comparable standard deviations. The mean difference was tested by a suitable statistical test and the difference was found to be significant at .01 levels.
31. What can you conclude about the researcher’s hypothesis?
(A) The hypothesis has been verified
(B) The hypothesis has been rejected
(C) The hypothesis has been partially verified
(D) The data are inadequate to evaluate researcher’s hypothesis.
Ans: B
32. What statistical test appears to be suitable for evaluating mean differences?
(A) Independent samples t test
(B) One-way ANOVA for independent groups
(C) Paired samples t-test
(D) Chi-square test
Ans: C
33. The dependent variable in this experiment is:
(A) Drug dosage
(B) Trials required learning the task
(C) Body weight
(D) Time interval between the drug administration and learning the second task
Ans: B
34. The above information suggests that:
1. Parametric model should be followed in data analysis
2. Non-parametric model should be followed in data analysis.
3. The scores under two conditions appear to have homogeneity of variance
4. The scores under two conditions appear to be heterogeneous for variance.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 1 and 4 only
(C) 2 and 3 only
(D) 2 and 4 only
Ans: A
35. Railroad tracks that seem to draw closer together as they recede into the distance are an example of
(A) Linear perspective
(B) Relative size
(C) Binocular vision
(D) Feature detection
Ans: A
36. Memory for particular events is called:
(A) Semantic
(B) Sensory
(C) Episodic
(D) procedural
Ans: C
37. A test of Abstract Thinking had the norms in terms of normalized T scores (Mean = 50, SD = 10). If the subject received a T score of 60, what would be his percentile rank?
(A) 16
(B) 60
(C) 66
(D) 84
Ans: D
38. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Childhood experience) (Personality characteristic)
p. Little gratification in oral stage 1. Overly dependent
q. Excessive gratification in oral stage 2. Impulsive
r. Overly harsh toilet training in Anal stage 3. Hostile
s. Relieved toilet training in Anal stage 4. Compulsive
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 2 4 3 1
(B) 1 3 4 2
(C) 1 4 2 3
(D) 2 3 1 4
Ans: B
39. Multiple Abstract Variance Analysis is used to study the effect of
(A) One independent variable on more than one dependent variables
(B) More than one independent variables on one dependent variable
(C) More than one independent variables on more than one dependent variables
(D) None of these
Ans: D
40. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Brief description) (Type of reinforcement)
p. reinforcement occurs after a set time period 1. fixed ratio
q. reinforcement occurs after a set number of responses 2. Variable interval
r. reinforcement occurs after a varying time period 3. fixed interval
s. reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses 4. variable ratio
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 3 1 2 4
(B) 1 4 3 2
(C) 4 3 1 2
(D) 2 4 3 1
Ans: A
41. Which of the following effectors is mainly responsible for instrumental (motor) response?
(A) Smooth muscles
(B) Cardiac muscles
(C) Skeletal muscle
(D) Adrenal gland
Ans: C
42. A process following learning during which a memory becomes more firmly established is called:
(A) Over-learning
(B) Consolidation
(C) Transfer period
(D) Constructive processing
Ans: B
43. Assertion (A): A large body of research indicates that violence and aggression is learned through observation.
Reason (R): Learning through observation takes place due to exposure to similar situation and experienced reinforcement.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are false.
Ans: C
44. Some steps in test construction are listed below:
1. Internal consistency assessment
2. Item analysis
3. Test-retest reliability
4. Item writing
Usually, the above steps are carried out in the following sequence.
(A) 4, 2, 1, 3
(B) 4, 1, 3, 2
(C) 2, 4, 1, 3
(D) 4, 3, 2, 1
Ans: A
45. What is the correct order of the following conflicts occurring in an individual’s life?
1. Autonomy V/s self-doubt
2. Identity V/s Role confusion
3. Competence V/s Inferiority
4. Intimacy V/s Isolation
Codes:
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 1 3 2 4
(D) 3 2 4 1
Ans: C
46. Which of the following attitude scaling method/s has/have been proposed by L.L. Thurstone?
1. Paired comparison
2. Summated ratings
3. Scalogram
4. Equal appearing intervals
Codes:
(A) 2 only
(B) 4 only
(C) 1 and 4 only
(D) 2 and 3 only
Ans: C
47. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the given codes:
List – I List – II
(Validity type) (Brief description)
p. Predictive validity 1. Covering all the important areas in a given course of study
q. Concurrent validity 2. Yielding theoretically consistent results
r. Construct validity 3. High relationship between the new test and the established test of same trait
s. Content validity 4. Forecasting some significant behaviour on the basis of test scores
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 3 4 2 1
(B) 4 3 1 2
(C) 2 1 4 3
(D) 4 3 2 1
Ans: D
48. During emotions skin conductance changes occur due to the activity of some of the following:
1. Sweat glands
2. Adrenal glands
3. Parasympathetic nervous system
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: A
49. What among the following is true for mental set?
1. It can enhance the quality and speed of perceiving and problem solving under some conditions.
2. It can enhance the quality and speed of perceiving and problem solving in new situations.
3. It may inhibit or distort the quality of mental activities in new situations.
4. It may inhibit or distort the quality of mental activities under same conditions.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 3 and 4 only
Ans: C
50. Match the following:
List – I List – II
1. Thinking p. mental activity through which we transform available information in order to reach conclusions
2. Reasoning q. An activity that involves the manipulation of mental representation of various features of the external world.
3. Decision making r. Processing information in various ways in order to move toward desired goals.
4. Problem solving s. The process of choosing between two or more alternatives on the basis of information about them.
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 4 3 2 1
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 3 4 2 1
(D) 2 3 1 4
(D) Have high need for efficiency
Ans: B
(A) Trial and error
(B) Analogy
(C) Algorithms
(D) Heuristics
Ans: B
2. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): If your teacher embarrasses you for asking a question in class, it is less likely that you would ask questions in class in future.
Reason (R): Negative reinforcement reduces the occurrence of a behaviour.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
3. What is the correct sequence of sympathetic and parasympathetic division given below?
(A) Thoracic – Sacral – Cranial – Cervical – Lumbar
(B) Cranial – Lumbar – Thoracic – Cervical – Sacral
(C) Sacral – Cervical – Thoracic – Cranial – Lumbar
(D) Sacral – Cranial – Cervical – Thoracic – Lumbar
Ans: C
4. The human ear can generally hear sounds ranging from
(A) 20 – 1000 Hz
(B) 10 – 2000 Hz
(C) 20 – 2000 Hz
(D) 1000 – 5000 Hz
Ans: C
5. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Personality Theories) (Focus)
a. Behaviourists 1. Self-concepts
b. Psychodynamic 2. Habits
c. Biological 3. Childhood fixations
d. Humanistic 4. Inheritance of genes
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 1 3 4 2
(B) 2 4 3 1
(C) 2 3 4 1
(D) 1 4 2 3
Ans: C
6. The chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance is called
(A) Intelligence Quotient
(B) Maturation
(C) Mental age
(D) None of the above
Ans: C
7. The role of unconscious in creative thinking is known as the process of
(A) Verification
(B) Illumination
(C) Inoculation
(D) Incubation
Ans: C
8. Which factor is not much related to happiness?
(A) High self-esteem
(B) Educational level
(C) Close friendship or satisfactory marriage
(D) Meaningful religious faith
Ans: B
9. Which is the correct order of ‘Products’ given by Guilford?
(A) Units, Relations, Classes, Systems, Implications, Transformations
(B) Units, Classes, Systems, Relations, Implications, Transformations
(C) Units, Classes, Relations, Systems, Transformations, Implications
(D) Units, Classes, Systems, Relations, Transformations, Implications
Ans: C
10. Which is not the obstacle to problem solving?
(A) Confirmation bias
(B) Fixation
(C) Mental Set
(D) Heuristics
Ans: D
11. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A), and the other labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Algorithm is a logical rule that guarantees solving a particular problem.
Reason (R): One can find the solution even to complex problems by following step by step procedure.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
12. Which of the following statements concerning reinforcement is correct?
(A) Learning is most rapid with partial reinforcement, but continuous reinforcement produces the greatest resistance to extinction.
(B) Learning is most rapid with continuous reinforcement but partial reinforcement produces the greatest resistance to extinction.
(C) Learning is the fastest and resistance to extinction is the greatest after continuous reinforcement.
(D) Learning is the fastest and resistance to extinction is the greatest following partial reinforcement.
Ans: B
13. The sentence “Blue Jeans wear false smiles” has correct _______ but incorrect ________.
(A) Morphemes; phonemes
(B) Phonemes; morphemes
(C) Semantics; syntax
(D) Syntax; semantics
Ans: D
14. Match the following lists according to the types and characteristics of thinking:
List – I List – II
(Types of Thinking) (Characteristics)
a. Autistic thinking 1. Reasoning
b. Realistic thinking 2. Drawing facts
c. Convergent thinking 3. Unusual uses
d. Creative thinking 4. Fantasy
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 1 3 4 2
(B) 3 1 2 4
(C) 2 1 3 4
(D) 4 1 2 3
Ans: D
15. The main function of autoclitic behaviour is to
1. Qualify responses
2. Express relations
3. Providing a grammatical framework for verbal behaviour
Codes:
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: D
16. The phi-phenomenon, stroboscopic motion, induced motion and autokinetic motion are all
(A) Pictorial cues
(B) Apparent motion
(C) Double images
(D) Non-verbal cues
Ans: B
17. Which one of the following is the most important feature of the defence mechanism of Rationalization?
(A) Going back to an earlier stage of development.
(B) Justifying one’s actions.
(C) Magically atoning for certain acts that give rise to guilt.
(D) Attributing one’s emotions to other persons.
Ans: B
18. “People control basic anxiety by moving toward, away from, and against others.”
Which group of personality psychologists theorized this statement?
(A) Psychoanalytic
(B) Neo-Freudian
(C) Social learning
(D) Cognitive
Ans: B
19. A psychotic person would probably score the highest on which MMPI-2 scale?
(A) Depression
(B) Hysteria
(C) Schizophrenia
(D) Mania
Ans: C
20. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer by using the codes given below the lists:
List – I List – II
(Part of eye) (Function)
p. Pupil 1. Focus images on the retina.
q. Iris 2. Begin the processing of visual information.
r. Lens 3. Allows light to enter.
s. Retina 4. Controls the size of the pupil.
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 1 3 4 2
(D) 4 2 1 3
Ans: B
21. Learning by imitating others’ behaviour is called ______ learning. The researcher best known for studying this type of learning is
(A) Observational: Bandura
(B) Secondary: Pavlov
(C) Observational: Watson
(D) Secondary: Skinner
Ans: A
22. As we enter a movie theatre from bright light the visual sensitivity increases and within 5-10 minutes we are able to see under low levels of illumination. This is due to
(A) Visual acuity
(B) Dark adaptation
(C) Saturation
(D) Transduction
Ans: B
23. Which of the following internal conditions determine perceptual process?
1. Intelligence
2. Emotion
3. Motivation
4. Information
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 2 and 4 only
(D) 1 and 4 only
Ans: B
24. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale has eleven subtests out of which
(A) Five are verbal and six are performance.
(B) Six are verbal and five are performance.
(C) Seven are verbal and four are performance.
(D) Four are verbal and seven are performance.
Ans: B
25. What is the correct sequence of memory processes? Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
1. Encoding
2. Storage
3. Attention
4. Retrieval
Codes:
(A) 3, 1, 2, 4
(B) 2, 3, 1, 4
(C) 1, 3, 2, 4
(D) 3, 2, 1, 4
Ans: A
26. Observational learning involves:
1. Attention and retention
2. Attention and Reinforcement
3. Production processes and motivation
4. Reinforcement and motivation
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 2 and 4 only
(C) 3 and 4 only
(D) 1 and 2 only
Ans: A
27. Which of the following factors reduce the accuracy of eyewitness testimony?
1. Suggestibility
2. Source monitoring errors
3. Interference
4. Decay of memory traces
5. Illusion of out-group homogeneity
Codes:
(A) 1, 2 and 3
(B) 1, 3 and 4
(C) 1, 2 and 5
(D) 2, 3 and 5
Ans: C
28. Micro sleep occurs mainly due to one of the following:
(A) Sleep disorder
(B) Drugged state
(C) Sleep deprivation
(D) Dreaming state
Ans: C
29. Self-Efficacy is
(A) A person’s mental model of his or her ability and attitudes.
(B) A generalised evaluative attitude toward the self that influences both moods and behaviour
(C) The process by which a person comes to know or perceive the personal attributes
(D) A set of beliefs that one can perform adequately in a particular situation.
Ans: D
30. Which one of the following is a product in Guilford’s model?
(A) Evaluation
(B) Cognition
(C) Transformation
(D) Symbols
Ans: C
Instructions for Questions 31 to 34:
Read the following information and answer the four questions that follow:
A researcher wanted to test the hypothesis that a given drug would adversely affect the rate of learning. A group of 40 subjects was employed in the research. Each subject was required to learn a task upto two errorless trials. Then each subject was given a specified drug dosage (1mg/body weight in kilogram) and thirty minutes after, the subject was required to learn another equated learning task upto two errorless trials. The number of trials required to learn each task followed a normal distribution. The mean number of trials required to learn the tasks were 24 and 20 only for normal and ‘drugged conditions’, respectively. The two conditions had comparable standard deviations. The mean difference was tested by a suitable statistical test and the difference was found to be significant at .01 levels.
31. What can you conclude about the researcher’s hypothesis?
(A) The hypothesis has been verified
(B) The hypothesis has been rejected
(C) The hypothesis has been partially verified
(D) The data are inadequate to evaluate researcher’s hypothesis.
Ans: B
32. What statistical test appears to be suitable for evaluating mean differences?
(A) Independent samples t test
(B) One-way ANOVA for independent groups
(C) Paired samples t-test
(D) Chi-square test
Ans: C
33. The dependent variable in this experiment is:
(A) Drug dosage
(B) Trials required learning the task
(C) Body weight
(D) Time interval between the drug administration and learning the second task
Ans: B
34. The above information suggests that:
1. Parametric model should be followed in data analysis
2. Non-parametric model should be followed in data analysis.
3. The scores under two conditions appear to have homogeneity of variance
4. The scores under two conditions appear to be heterogeneous for variance.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 1 and 4 only
(C) 2 and 3 only
(D) 2 and 4 only
Ans: A
35. Railroad tracks that seem to draw closer together as they recede into the distance are an example of
(A) Linear perspective
(B) Relative size
(C) Binocular vision
(D) Feature detection
Ans: A
36. Memory for particular events is called:
(A) Semantic
(B) Sensory
(C) Episodic
(D) procedural
Ans: C
37. A test of Abstract Thinking had the norms in terms of normalized T scores (Mean = 50, SD = 10). If the subject received a T score of 60, what would be his percentile rank?
(A) 16
(B) 60
(C) 66
(D) 84
Ans: D
38. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Childhood experience) (Personality characteristic)
p. Little gratification in oral stage 1. Overly dependent
q. Excessive gratification in oral stage 2. Impulsive
r. Overly harsh toilet training in Anal stage 3. Hostile
s. Relieved toilet training in Anal stage 4. Compulsive
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 2 4 3 1
(B) 1 3 4 2
(C) 1 4 2 3
(D) 2 3 1 4
Ans: B
39. Multiple Abstract Variance Analysis is used to study the effect of
(A) One independent variable on more than one dependent variables
(B) More than one independent variables on one dependent variable
(C) More than one independent variables on more than one dependent variables
(D) None of these
Ans: D
40. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Brief description) (Type of reinforcement)
p. reinforcement occurs after a set time period 1. fixed ratio
q. reinforcement occurs after a set number of responses 2. Variable interval
r. reinforcement occurs after a varying time period 3. fixed interval
s. reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses 4. variable ratio
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 3 1 2 4
(B) 1 4 3 2
(C) 4 3 1 2
(D) 2 4 3 1
Ans: A
41. Which of the following effectors is mainly responsible for instrumental (motor) response?
(A) Smooth muscles
(B) Cardiac muscles
(C) Skeletal muscle
(D) Adrenal gland
Ans: C
42. A process following learning during which a memory becomes more firmly established is called:
(A) Over-learning
(B) Consolidation
(C) Transfer period
(D) Constructive processing
Ans: B
43. Assertion (A): A large body of research indicates that violence and aggression is learned through observation.
Reason (R): Learning through observation takes place due to exposure to similar situation and experienced reinforcement.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are false.
Ans: C
44. Some steps in test construction are listed below:
1. Internal consistency assessment
2. Item analysis
3. Test-retest reliability
4. Item writing
Usually, the above steps are carried out in the following sequence.
(A) 4, 2, 1, 3
(B) 4, 1, 3, 2
(C) 2, 4, 1, 3
(D) 4, 3, 2, 1
Ans: A
45. What is the correct order of the following conflicts occurring in an individual’s life?
1. Autonomy V/s self-doubt
2. Identity V/s Role confusion
3. Competence V/s Inferiority
4. Intimacy V/s Isolation
Codes:
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 1 3 2 4
(D) 3 2 4 1
Ans: C
46. Which of the following attitude scaling method/s has/have been proposed by L.L. Thurstone?
1. Paired comparison
2. Summated ratings
3. Scalogram
4. Equal appearing intervals
Codes:
(A) 2 only
(B) 4 only
(C) 1 and 4 only
(D) 2 and 3 only
Ans: C
47. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the given codes:
List – I List – II
(Validity type) (Brief description)
p. Predictive validity 1. Covering all the important areas in a given course of study
q. Concurrent validity 2. Yielding theoretically consistent results
r. Construct validity 3. High relationship between the new test and the established test of same trait
s. Content validity 4. Forecasting some significant behaviour on the basis of test scores
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 3 4 2 1
(B) 4 3 1 2
(C) 2 1 4 3
(D) 4 3 2 1
Ans: D
48. During emotions skin conductance changes occur due to the activity of some of the following:
1. Sweat glands
2. Adrenal glands
3. Parasympathetic nervous system
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: A
49. What among the following is true for mental set?
1. It can enhance the quality and speed of perceiving and problem solving under some conditions.
2. It can enhance the quality and speed of perceiving and problem solving in new situations.
3. It may inhibit or distort the quality of mental activities in new situations.
4. It may inhibit or distort the quality of mental activities under same conditions.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 3 and 4 only
Ans: C
50. Match the following:
List – I List – II
1. Thinking p. mental activity through which we transform available information in order to reach conclusions
2. Reasoning q. An activity that involves the manipulation of mental representation of various features of the external world.
3. Decision making r. Processing information in various ways in order to move toward desired goals.
4. Problem solving s. The process of choosing between two or more alternatives on the basis of information about them.
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 4 3 2 1
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 3 4 2 1
(D) 2 3 1 4
(D) Have high need for efficiency
Ans: B
51. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using codes given below:
List – I List – II
a. Identity diffusion 1. Individuals who are exploring alternatives in an effort to find values and goals to guide their life.
b. Identity foreclosure 2. Individuals who have explored and committed themselves to self-chosen values and occupational goals.
c. Identity achievement 3. Individuals who do not have firm commitments to values and goals and are not actively trying to reach them.
d. Moratorium 4. Individuals who have accepted ready-made values and goals that authority figures have chosen for them.
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 4 3 1 2
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 3 4 2 1
Ans: D
52. Cognitive change occurs because of
(A) Cognitive self-regulation
(B) Cognitive complexity
(C) Cognitive conflict
(D) Cognitive maturity
Ans: C
53. Which components of creativity can be measured in the picture construction activity of Torrance Test of Creative Thinking?
I. Elaboration
II. Fluency
III. Flexibility
IV. Originality
Codes:
(A) I and II
(B) III and IV
(C) I and IV
(D) II and III
Ans: C
54. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer with the help of codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Phenomenon) (Psychologist)
a. Sense of powerlessness 1. Abraham Maslow
b. Free will 2. Rollo May
c. Becoming one’s self 3. Victor Frankl
d. Esteem needs 4. Carl Rogers
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 3 4 2 1
(C) 1 3 4 2
(D) 4 2 3 1
Ans: A
55. The memory which contains factual information is called
(A) Semantic memory
(B) Declarative memory
(C) Procedural memory
(D) Episodic memory
Ans: B
56. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Playing chess requires higher level of cognitive strategy.
Reason (R): Winning any game needs ability and tricks.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
57. Which is the correct sequence of emergence of virtues?
(A) Hope, Willpower, Purpose, Competency
(B) Willpower, Hope, Purpose, Competency
(C) Purpose, Competency, Willpower, Hope
(D) Competency, Willpower, Purpose, Hope
Ans: A
58. Which of the following are the negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?
1. Hallucinations and Apathy
2. Asociality and Apathy
3. Anhedonia and Poverty of speech
4. Poverty of speech and Delusions.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 3 and 4 only
(D) 2 and 4 only
Ans: B
59. A competent and well-performing female middle-level manager did not consider herself as suitable for the position of senior manager thinking that females are not suitable for suchhigh positions. This is a typical example of
(A) Glass-ceiling phenomenon
(B) Gender discrimination
(C) High motivation to avoid failure
(D) High motivation to approach success
Ans: A
60. Leaders who exert profound effects on their followers and who establish special types of relationships with their followers are usually considered as
(A) Democratic leaders
(B) Transformational leaders
(C) Normative leaders
(D) Consultative leaders
Ans: B
61. Match the items of List – I with those of List – II. Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Hemispheric involvement) (Task condition)
a. Left 1. Those which minimize response bias.
b. Right 2. Those which involve speaking or writing.
c. No difference 3. Those which involve use of hands in three dimensional spaces.
4. Those which involve olfaction.
Codes:
a b c
(A) 2 3 4
(B) 1 2 3
(C) 2 3 1
(D) 4 1 2
Ans: C
62. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Disorder) (Symptoms)
a. Dyssomnias 1. Abnormal behaviour that occur during sleep.
b. Insomnia 2. Sleeplessness
c. Parasomnias 3. It involve problems in getting to sleep or getting sufficient high quality sleep
d. Hypersomnia 4. Excessive sleep
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 2 4 3 1
(B) 1 2 3 4
(C) 3 2 1 4
(D) 1 3 2 4
Ans: C
63. Assertion (A): A person’s self-concept is partly rooted in the feed-back of other people.
Reason (R): The reactions of others are based on “looking glass self” effect as an internalization of others reactions to self-concept.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but(R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
64. Read each of the following two statements-Assertions (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): The anticipatory anxiety that people develop about having another panic attack is thought to arise from activity in the hippocampus of the limbic system.
Reason (R): According to one theory, panic attacks arise from abnormal activity in the amygdala.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
65. Which of the following options is true regarding the relationship between thinking and language?
(A) Real thinking requires the use of language.
(B) A thought that cannot be expressed in a particular language cannot occur to speakers of that language.
(C) People sometimes think in images rather than in words.
(D) A thought is never expressed in language.
Ans: C
66. Which of the following models accepts that the more deeply information is processed; the more likely it is to be retained?
(A) Level of processing model
(B) Retrieval cues model
(C) Atkinson and Shiffrin model
(D) Trace model
Ans: A
67. Which of the following is the best description of Cattell’s Concept of Fluid Intelligence?
(A) One’s ability to reason speedily and abstractly and it tends to decrease with age in the range of 25-35 years.
(B) One’s ability to reason speedily and abstractly and it tends to increase with age in the range of 25-35 years.
(C) Specific mental abilities which are measured by every task in an intelligence test and increases with age in the range of 5-15 years.
(D) Specific mental abilities which are measured by every task in an intelligence test and decrease with age in the range of 5-15 years.
Ans: A
68. Read the following two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Many amputees experience phantom limb syndrome wherein they continue to feel their missing limbs after surgery.
Reason (R): The image of one’s body’s boundaries continues to function even after parts of the body are removed.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
69. A person who excels in zeroing in on what information is crucial in a given situation and combining seemingly unrelated facts is high on
I. Componential
II. Experiential
III. Contextual
Codes:
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and III
(D) II and III
Ans: B
70. The fact that a nearer object may obscure a more distant object from the view is due to:(A) Figure and ground
(B) Proximity
(C) Interposition
(D) Closure
Ans: C
71. The pituitary gland is the master endocrine gland because
(A) It produces the largest number of different hormones.
(B) It controls the secretion of several other endocrine glands.
(C) It is responsible for the functioning of the autonomic nerve system.
(D) It controls the thinking and amount of body growth.
Ans: B
72. Hinduism and Buddhism differ regarding the existence of a
(A) Social dimension of self
(B) Physical dimension of self
(C) Psychological dimension of self
(D) Transcendental dimension of self
Ans: D
73. In a recent version of the 16 PF (5thedition) the second-order factor analysis of 16 PF scales is reported yielding five second order factors. They are referred to as
(A) Global Factors
(B) Big Five
(C) Five-Factor Model
(D) Universal Personality Factors
Ans: A
74. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): In a maze learning experiment rats who were reinforced from the beginning and those which were not reinforced until the eleventh day of the experiment, did not show any difference in learning and performance.
Reason (R): It is possible for learning to remain dormant for a considerable length of time before it is manifested in behaviour.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
75. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Stress related term) (Brief explanation)
a. Stress 1. External- Internal obstacles
b. Frustration 2. Events like competition
c. Eustress 3. Tragic circumstances like funerals
d. Distress 4. Situation that challenges coping
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 4 3 1 2
(B) 4 1 2 3
(C) 4 2 1 3
(D) 2 3 1 4
Ans: B
76. Which of the following parts of the brain are related to the recognition of the facial expression of emotions?
Choose the correct code.
1. Hypothalamus
2. Prefrontal Cortex
3. Amygdala
4. Hippocampus
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 2 and 3
(C) 2 and 4
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: B
77. Which of the following is most appropriate for the assessment of Self-Actualization?
(A) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
(B) Personal Orientation Inventory
(C) Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory
(D) Edwards Personal Preference Scale
Ans: B
78. There is a gradual acceleration of responses just before the provision of reinforcement in a fixed interval schedule. This acceleration is referred to as
(A) The Fixed – Interval Gradient
(B) The Fixed – Interval Variant
(C) The Fixed – Interval Caper
(D) The Fixed – Interval Scallop
Ans: D
79. When the individual attributes failure to the beliefs that everyone would fail in solving the problem and that the failure results from external causes, the state is described as
(A) Personal helplessness
(B) Hopelessness
(C) Learned optimism
(D) Universal helplessness
Ans: D
80. Read the following two statements Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Our facial expressions influence our emotional experience.
Reason (R): We can exert complete voluntary control over our facial muscles during emotional expressions.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
81. The mental representation of what one wants to say comprises the
(A) Surface – phrase structure
(B) Central phrase structure
(C) Primary – Phrase structure
(D) Deep – Phrase structure
Ans: D
82. The law of Pragnanz or law of good figure refers to
(A) Tendency to read an ambiguous stimulus in accordance with an expectation.
(B) Viewing under suboptimal conditions such as an object is shaded or overlapped.
(C) The tendency to perceive the simplest and most stable figure of all possible perceptual alternatives.
(D) The ability to recognise and identify common objects.
Ans: C
83. What behaviour can be emitted is basically
(A) A psychotherapist determined phenomenon
(B) A reward determined capacity
(C) A species-typical capacity
(D) A procedure determined phenomenon
Ans: C
84. Memory can be distorted by being influenced by the individual’s expectations rather than what has actually happened. This is termed as
(A) Mood dependent memory
(B) Mood congruence effect
(C) Flash bulb memory
(D) Confirmation bias
Ans: D
85. Read each of the following two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Psychometric and cognitive (Information Processing) approaches to study intelligence are complimentary to each other.
Reason (R): Psychometric theories deal with intelligence primarily in its structural aspects, cognitive theories deal with it primarily in its processing aspects.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
86. Which one of the following is a cause of permanent lesion?
(A) Cryogenic Blockade
(B) Radio-Frequency
(C) Electrical stimulation
(D) Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Ans: C
87. Some Psychologist stated that the relationship between intelligence and creativity is not the same throughout the range of intelligence (I.Q). This out of following is appropriate explanation of the relationship between these at different levels of I.Q.
(A) Below that critical level of I.Q. the relationship is negative and above that it is positive.
(B) Below that critical level of I.Q. it is zero and above that it is positive.
(C) Below that critical level of I.Q. the relationship is positive and above that it is negative.
(D) Below that critical level of I.Q. the relationships is positive and above that level zero relationship.
Ans: D
88. Which of the following pairs is not the negative symptom of Schizophrenia?
(A) Emotional flattening and Asociality
(B) Anhedonia and Amotivation
(C) Poverty of speech and Apathy
(D) Hallucinations and Bizarre behaviour
Ans: D
89. Match the following items of List – I and List – II and indicate your answer with the help of given code:
List – I List – II
p. Pituitary gland 1. Estrogens
q. Gonads 2. Prolactin
r. Adrenal gland 3. Thyroxin
s. Thyroid gland 4. Corticosterone
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 3 1 2 4
Ans: B
90. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Accomplishments) (Cognitive Developmental Stage)
p. Egocentric thought 1. Sensorimotor
q. Object permanence 2. Formal operational
r. Abstract reasoning 3. Pre operational
s. Conservation reversibility 4. Concrete operational
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 3 1 2 4
(C) 4 2 1 3
(D) 1 4 3 2
Ans: B
91. Read the below given statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R), indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Solution to any problem generally requires making reason from long-term goal to short-term goals, and so on.
Reason (R): Generating short-term goals are necessary for finding the most-suitable solution to the problem.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(B) Statement (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Ans: D
92. Given below are two statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Indicate your answer using codes given below:
Assertion (A): People tend to be more aggressive when they consume less alcohol.
Reason (R): Alcohol impairs higher order cognitive functioning.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
93. Match List – I with List – II and answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Terms) (Explanations)
p. Social influence 1. The term refer to the audience effect and coaction effects
q. Social cognitive theory 2. Part of the self-concept derives from group membership
r. Social facilitation 3. Any process whereby a person’s attitudes, opinions, beliefs or behaviour are altered.
s. Social identity 4. An approach to social learning incorporating findings from learning.
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 4 2 1 3
(C) 3 4 1 2
(D) 4 1 3 2
Ans: C
94. According to ________ theory, thoughts and feeling change because people are motivated to justify emotions that would otherwise seem hypothetical. This theory was proposed by _______.
(A) Dissonance; Festinger
(B) Cognitive dissonance; Festinger
(C) Cognitive dissonance; Baron
(D) Normative social influence; Baron
Ans: B
95. The well known study on obedience to authority was done by
(A) Stanley Milgram
(B) Solomon Asch
(C) Latane and Darley
(D) Zimbardo
Ans: A
96. Somatic Nervous System does not activate one of the following:
(A) Glands
(B) Eyes
(C) Ears
(D) Skeletal Muscles
Ans: A
97. Three mountains task was used by Piaget to study ______ in children.
(A) Centration
(B) Conservation
(C) Egocentrism
(D) Reversibility
Ans: C
98. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve describes _______.
(A) The smallest difference between two stimuli necessary to detect them as different.
(B) The relationship between the proportion of hits and false alarms for constant stimulus intensity.
(C) Detection of a change in a stimulus is related to the magnitude of the stimulus.
(D) As the number of sensation units grows arithmetically the stimulus intensity increases geometrically.
Ans: B
99. As compared to primary school students, middle school students use more of
1. Rehearsal
2. Elaboration
3. Metacognition
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: D
100. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer with the help of code given below:
List – I List – II
(Phenomenon) (Psychologist)
a. Explanation of creativity in terms of product 1. Getzels and Jackson
b. Explanation of creativity in terms of process 2. Gordon
c. Explanation of creativity in terms of personality characteristics 3. Torrance
d. Explanation of creativity in terms of motivational factors 4. Rogers
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 3 4 2 1
(C) 4 2 3 1
(D) 4 3 1 2
Ans: D
List – I List – II
a. Identity diffusion 1. Individuals who are exploring alternatives in an effort to find values and goals to guide their life.
b. Identity foreclosure 2. Individuals who have explored and committed themselves to self-chosen values and occupational goals.
c. Identity achievement 3. Individuals who do not have firm commitments to values and goals and are not actively trying to reach them.
d. Moratorium 4. Individuals who have accepted ready-made values and goals that authority figures have chosen for them.
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 4 3 1 2
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 3 4 2 1
Ans: D
52. Cognitive change occurs because of
(A) Cognitive self-regulation
(B) Cognitive complexity
(C) Cognitive conflict
(D) Cognitive maturity
Ans: C
53. Which components of creativity can be measured in the picture construction activity of Torrance Test of Creative Thinking?
I. Elaboration
II. Fluency
III. Flexibility
IV. Originality
Codes:
(A) I and II
(B) III and IV
(C) I and IV
(D) II and III
Ans: C
54. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer with the help of codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Phenomenon) (Psychologist)
a. Sense of powerlessness 1. Abraham Maslow
b. Free will 2. Rollo May
c. Becoming one’s self 3. Victor Frankl
d. Esteem needs 4. Carl Rogers
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 3 4 2 1
(C) 1 3 4 2
(D) 4 2 3 1
Ans: A
55. The memory which contains factual information is called
(A) Semantic memory
(B) Declarative memory
(C) Procedural memory
(D) Episodic memory
Ans: B
56. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Playing chess requires higher level of cognitive strategy.
Reason (R): Winning any game needs ability and tricks.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
57. Which is the correct sequence of emergence of virtues?
(A) Hope, Willpower, Purpose, Competency
(B) Willpower, Hope, Purpose, Competency
(C) Purpose, Competency, Willpower, Hope
(D) Competency, Willpower, Purpose, Hope
Ans: A
58. Which of the following are the negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?
1. Hallucinations and Apathy
2. Asociality and Apathy
3. Anhedonia and Poverty of speech
4. Poverty of speech and Delusions.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 3 and 4 only
(D) 2 and 4 only
Ans: B
59. A competent and well-performing female middle-level manager did not consider herself as suitable for the position of senior manager thinking that females are not suitable for suchhigh positions. This is a typical example of
(A) Glass-ceiling phenomenon
(B) Gender discrimination
(C) High motivation to avoid failure
(D) High motivation to approach success
Ans: A
60. Leaders who exert profound effects on their followers and who establish special types of relationships with their followers are usually considered as
(A) Democratic leaders
(B) Transformational leaders
(C) Normative leaders
(D) Consultative leaders
Ans: B
61. Match the items of List – I with those of List – II. Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Hemispheric involvement) (Task condition)
a. Left 1. Those which minimize response bias.
b. Right 2. Those which involve speaking or writing.
c. No difference 3. Those which involve use of hands in three dimensional spaces.
4. Those which involve olfaction.
Codes:
a b c
(A) 2 3 4
(B) 1 2 3
(C) 2 3 1
(D) 4 1 2
Ans: C
62. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Disorder) (Symptoms)
a. Dyssomnias 1. Abnormal behaviour that occur during sleep.
b. Insomnia 2. Sleeplessness
c. Parasomnias 3. It involve problems in getting to sleep or getting sufficient high quality sleep
d. Hypersomnia 4. Excessive sleep
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 2 4 3 1
(B) 1 2 3 4
(C) 3 2 1 4
(D) 1 3 2 4
Ans: C
63. Assertion (A): A person’s self-concept is partly rooted in the feed-back of other people.
Reason (R): The reactions of others are based on “looking glass self” effect as an internalization of others reactions to self-concept.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but(R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
64. Read each of the following two statements-Assertions (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): The anticipatory anxiety that people develop about having another panic attack is thought to arise from activity in the hippocampus of the limbic system.
Reason (R): According to one theory, panic attacks arise from abnormal activity in the amygdala.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
65. Which of the following options is true regarding the relationship between thinking and language?
(A) Real thinking requires the use of language.
(B) A thought that cannot be expressed in a particular language cannot occur to speakers of that language.
(C) People sometimes think in images rather than in words.
(D) A thought is never expressed in language.
Ans: C
66. Which of the following models accepts that the more deeply information is processed; the more likely it is to be retained?
(A) Level of processing model
(B) Retrieval cues model
(C) Atkinson and Shiffrin model
(D) Trace model
Ans: A
67. Which of the following is the best description of Cattell’s Concept of Fluid Intelligence?
(A) One’s ability to reason speedily and abstractly and it tends to decrease with age in the range of 25-35 years.
(B) One’s ability to reason speedily and abstractly and it tends to increase with age in the range of 25-35 years.
(C) Specific mental abilities which are measured by every task in an intelligence test and increases with age in the range of 5-15 years.
(D) Specific mental abilities which are measured by every task in an intelligence test and decrease with age in the range of 5-15 years.
Ans: A
68. Read the following two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Many amputees experience phantom limb syndrome wherein they continue to feel their missing limbs after surgery.
Reason (R): The image of one’s body’s boundaries continues to function even after parts of the body are removed.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
69. A person who excels in zeroing in on what information is crucial in a given situation and combining seemingly unrelated facts is high on
I. Componential
II. Experiential
III. Contextual
Codes:
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and III
(D) II and III
Ans: B
70. The fact that a nearer object may obscure a more distant object from the view is due to:(A) Figure and ground
(B) Proximity
(C) Interposition
(D) Closure
Ans: C
71. The pituitary gland is the master endocrine gland because
(A) It produces the largest number of different hormones.
(B) It controls the secretion of several other endocrine glands.
(C) It is responsible for the functioning of the autonomic nerve system.
(D) It controls the thinking and amount of body growth.
Ans: B
72. Hinduism and Buddhism differ regarding the existence of a
(A) Social dimension of self
(B) Physical dimension of self
(C) Psychological dimension of self
(D) Transcendental dimension of self
Ans: D
73. In a recent version of the 16 PF (5thedition) the second-order factor analysis of 16 PF scales is reported yielding five second order factors. They are referred to as
(A) Global Factors
(B) Big Five
(C) Five-Factor Model
(D) Universal Personality Factors
Ans: A
74. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): In a maze learning experiment rats who were reinforced from the beginning and those which were not reinforced until the eleventh day of the experiment, did not show any difference in learning and performance.
Reason (R): It is possible for learning to remain dormant for a considerable length of time before it is manifested in behaviour.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
75. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Stress related term) (Brief explanation)
a. Stress 1. External- Internal obstacles
b. Frustration 2. Events like competition
c. Eustress 3. Tragic circumstances like funerals
d. Distress 4. Situation that challenges coping
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 4 3 1 2
(B) 4 1 2 3
(C) 4 2 1 3
(D) 2 3 1 4
Ans: B
76. Which of the following parts of the brain are related to the recognition of the facial expression of emotions?
Choose the correct code.
1. Hypothalamus
2. Prefrontal Cortex
3. Amygdala
4. Hippocampus
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 2 and 3
(C) 2 and 4
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: B
77. Which of the following is most appropriate for the assessment of Self-Actualization?
(A) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
(B) Personal Orientation Inventory
(C) Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory
(D) Edwards Personal Preference Scale
Ans: B
78. There is a gradual acceleration of responses just before the provision of reinforcement in a fixed interval schedule. This acceleration is referred to as
(A) The Fixed – Interval Gradient
(B) The Fixed – Interval Variant
(C) The Fixed – Interval Caper
(D) The Fixed – Interval Scallop
Ans: D
79. When the individual attributes failure to the beliefs that everyone would fail in solving the problem and that the failure results from external causes, the state is described as
(A) Personal helplessness
(B) Hopelessness
(C) Learned optimism
(D) Universal helplessness
Ans: D
80. Read the following two statements Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Our facial expressions influence our emotional experience.
Reason (R): We can exert complete voluntary control over our facial muscles during emotional expressions.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
81. The mental representation of what one wants to say comprises the
(A) Surface – phrase structure
(B) Central phrase structure
(C) Primary – Phrase structure
(D) Deep – Phrase structure
Ans: D
82. The law of Pragnanz or law of good figure refers to
(A) Tendency to read an ambiguous stimulus in accordance with an expectation.
(B) Viewing under suboptimal conditions such as an object is shaded or overlapped.
(C) The tendency to perceive the simplest and most stable figure of all possible perceptual alternatives.
(D) The ability to recognise and identify common objects.
Ans: C
83. What behaviour can be emitted is basically
(A) A psychotherapist determined phenomenon
(B) A reward determined capacity
(C) A species-typical capacity
(D) A procedure determined phenomenon
Ans: C
84. Memory can be distorted by being influenced by the individual’s expectations rather than what has actually happened. This is termed as
(A) Mood dependent memory
(B) Mood congruence effect
(C) Flash bulb memory
(D) Confirmation bias
Ans: D
85. Read each of the following two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Psychometric and cognitive (Information Processing) approaches to study intelligence are complimentary to each other.
Reason (R): Psychometric theories deal with intelligence primarily in its structural aspects, cognitive theories deal with it primarily in its processing aspects.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
86. Which one of the following is a cause of permanent lesion?
(A) Cryogenic Blockade
(B) Radio-Frequency
(C) Electrical stimulation
(D) Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Ans: C
87. Some Psychologist stated that the relationship between intelligence and creativity is not the same throughout the range of intelligence (I.Q). This out of following is appropriate explanation of the relationship between these at different levels of I.Q.
(A) Below that critical level of I.Q. the relationship is negative and above that it is positive.
(B) Below that critical level of I.Q. it is zero and above that it is positive.
(C) Below that critical level of I.Q. the relationship is positive and above that it is negative.
(D) Below that critical level of I.Q. the relationships is positive and above that level zero relationship.
Ans: D
88. Which of the following pairs is not the negative symptom of Schizophrenia?
(A) Emotional flattening and Asociality
(B) Anhedonia and Amotivation
(C) Poverty of speech and Apathy
(D) Hallucinations and Bizarre behaviour
Ans: D
89. Match the following items of List – I and List – II and indicate your answer with the help of given code:
List – I List – II
p. Pituitary gland 1. Estrogens
q. Gonads 2. Prolactin
r. Adrenal gland 3. Thyroxin
s. Thyroid gland 4. Corticosterone
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 3 1 2 4
Ans: B
90. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Accomplishments) (Cognitive Developmental Stage)
p. Egocentric thought 1. Sensorimotor
q. Object permanence 2. Formal operational
r. Abstract reasoning 3. Pre operational
s. Conservation reversibility 4. Concrete operational
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 3 1 2 4
(C) 4 2 1 3
(D) 1 4 3 2
Ans: B
91. Read the below given statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R), indicate your answer using the codes given below:
Assertion (A): Solution to any problem generally requires making reason from long-term goal to short-term goals, and so on.
Reason (R): Generating short-term goals are necessary for finding the most-suitable solution to the problem.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(B) Statement (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Ans: D
92. Given below are two statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Indicate your answer using codes given below:
Assertion (A): People tend to be more aggressive when they consume less alcohol.
Reason (R): Alcohol impairs higher order cognitive functioning.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: B
93. Match List – I with List – II and answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Terms) (Explanations)
p. Social influence 1. The term refer to the audience effect and coaction effects
q. Social cognitive theory 2. Part of the self-concept derives from group membership
r. Social facilitation 3. Any process whereby a person’s attitudes, opinions, beliefs or behaviour are altered.
s. Social identity 4. An approach to social learning incorporating findings from learning.
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 4 2 1 3
(C) 3 4 1 2
(D) 4 1 3 2
Ans: C
94. According to ________ theory, thoughts and feeling change because people are motivated to justify emotions that would otherwise seem hypothetical. This theory was proposed by _______.
(A) Dissonance; Festinger
(B) Cognitive dissonance; Festinger
(C) Cognitive dissonance; Baron
(D) Normative social influence; Baron
Ans: B
95. The well known study on obedience to authority was done by
(A) Stanley Milgram
(B) Solomon Asch
(C) Latane and Darley
(D) Zimbardo
Ans: A
96. Somatic Nervous System does not activate one of the following:
(A) Glands
(B) Eyes
(C) Ears
(D) Skeletal Muscles
Ans: A
97. Three mountains task was used by Piaget to study ______ in children.
(A) Centration
(B) Conservation
(C) Egocentrism
(D) Reversibility
Ans: C
98. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve describes _______.
(A) The smallest difference between two stimuli necessary to detect them as different.
(B) The relationship between the proportion of hits and false alarms for constant stimulus intensity.
(C) Detection of a change in a stimulus is related to the magnitude of the stimulus.
(D) As the number of sensation units grows arithmetically the stimulus intensity increases geometrically.
Ans: B
99. As compared to primary school students, middle school students use more of
1. Rehearsal
2. Elaboration
3. Metacognition
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Ans: D
100. Match List – I with List – II and indicate your answer with the help of code given below:
List – I List – II
(Phenomenon) (Psychologist)
a. Explanation of creativity in terms of product 1. Getzels and Jackson
b. Explanation of creativity in terms of process 2. Gordon
c. Explanation of creativity in terms of personality characteristics 3. Torrance
d. Explanation of creativity in terms of motivational factors 4. Rogers
Codes:
a b c d
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 3 4 2 1
(C) 4 2 3 1
(D) 4 3 1 2
Ans: D