AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING SYLLABUS
(These syllabus may change from time to time. Please check with the relevant Public Service Commission websites for any changes in the syllabus)
Paper - I
Section A
1. Soil and Water Conservation: Scope of soil and water conservation. Mechanics and types of erosion, their causes. Rainfall, runoff and sedimentation relationships and their measurement. Soil erosion control measures - biological and engineering including stream bank protection-vegetative barriers, contour bunds, contour trenches, contour stone walls, contour ditches, terraces, outlets and grassed waterwyas. Gully control structures - temporary and permanent - design of permanent soil conservation structures such as chute, drop and drop inlet spillways. Design of farm ponds and percolation ponds. Principles of flood control-flood routing. Watershed Management - investigation, planning and implementation - selection of priority areas and water shed work plan, water harvesting and moisture conservation. Land development - levelling, estimation of earth volumes and costing. Wind Erosion process - design fo shelter belts and wind brakes and their management. Forest (Conservation) Act,
2. Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing: Basic characteristics of photographic images, interpretation keys, equipment for interpretation, imagery interpretation for land use, geology, soil and forestry.
Remote sensing - merits and demerits of conventional and remote sensing approaches. Types of satellite images, fundamentals of satellite image interpretation, teachniques of visual and digital interpretations for soil, water and land use management. Use of GIS in planning and development of watersheds, forests including forest cover, water resources etc.
Section B
3. Irrigation and Drainage: Sources of water for irrigation. Planning and design of minor irrigation projects. Techniques of measuring soil moisture - laboratory and in situ, Soil-water plant relationships. Water requirement of crops. Planning conjunctive use of surface and ground weater. Measurement of irrigation water, measuring devices - orifices, weirs and flumes. Methods of irrigation - surface, sprinkler and drip, fertigation. Irrigation efficiencies and their estimation. Design and construction of canals, field channels, underground pipelines, head-gates, diversion boxes and structures for road crossing. Occurrence of ground water, hydraulics of wells, types of wells (tube wells and open wells) and their construction. Well development and testing. Pumps-types, selection and installation. Rehabilitation of sick and failed wells.
Drainage causes of waterlogging and salt problem. Methods of drainage of irrigated and unirrigated lands, design of surface, sub-surface and vertical drainage systems. Improvement and utilization of poor quality water. Reclamation of saline and alkali soils. Economics of irrigation and drainage systems. Use of waste water for irrigation standards of waste water for sustained irrigation, feasibility and economics.
4. Agricultural Structures: Site selection, design and construction of farmstead - farm house, cattle shed, dairy bam, poultry shed, hog housing, machinery and implement shed, storage structures for food grains, feed and forage. Design and consturction of fences and farm roads. Structures for plant environment - green houses, poly houses and shade houses. Common building materials used in construction - timber, brick, stone, tiles, concrete etc and their properties. Water supply, drainage and sanitation system.
Paper - II
Section A
1. Farm Power and Machinery: Agricultural mechanization and its scope. Sources of farm power - animate and electro-mechanical. Thermodynamics, construction and working of internal combustion engines. Fuel, ignition, lubrication, cooling and governing system of IC engines. Different types of tractors and power tillers. Power tramsmission, ground drive, power take off (p.t.o.) and control systems. Operation and maintenance of farm machinery for primary and secondary tillage. Traction theory. Sowing transplanting and interculture implements and tools. Plant protection equipment - spraying and dusting. Harvesting, threshing and combining equipment. Machinery for earth moving and land development - methods and cost estimation. Ergonomics of man-machine system. Machinery for horticulture and agro-forestry, feeds and forages. Haulage of agricultural and forest produce.
2. Agro-energy: Energy requirements of agricultural operations and agro-processing. Selection, installation, safety and maintenance of electric motors for agricultural applications. Solar (thermal and photovoltoic), wind and bio-gas energy and their utilization in agriculture. Gasification of biomass for running IC engines and for electric power generation. Energy efficient cooking stoves and alternate cooking fuels. Distribution of electricity for agricultural and agro-industrial applications.
Section B
3. Agricultural Process Engineering: Post harvest technology of crops and its scope. Engineering properties of agricultural produces and by-products. Unit operations - clearning grading, size reduction, densification, concentration, drying/dehydration, evaporation, filtration, freezing and packaging of agricultural produces and by-products. Material handling equipment - belt and screw conveyors, bucket elevators, their capacity and power requirement. Processing of milk and dairy products - homogenization, cream separation, pasteurization, sterilization, spray and roller drying, butter making, ice cream, cheese and shrikhand manufacture. Waste and by-product utilization - rice husk, rice bran, sugarcane bagasse, plant residues and coir pith.
4. Instrumentation and computer applications in Agricultural Engineering: Electronic devices and their characteristics - rectifiers, amplifiers, oscillators, multivibrators. Digital circuits sequential and combinational system. Application of microprocessors in data acquisition and control of agricultural engineering processes- measurement systems for level, flow, strain, force, torque, power, pressure, vaccum and temperature. Computers introduction, input/output devices, central processing unit, memory devices, operating systems, processors, keyboards and printers. Algorithms, flowchart specification, programme translation and problem analysis in Agricultural Engineering. Multimedia and Audio-Visual aids.
Paper - I
Section A
1. Soil and Water Conservation: Scope of soil and water conservation. Mechanics and types of erosion, their causes. Rainfall, runoff and sedimentation relationships and their measurement. Soil erosion control measures - biological and engineering including stream bank protection-vegetative barriers, contour bunds, contour trenches, contour stone walls, contour ditches, terraces, outlets and grassed waterwyas. Gully control structures - temporary and permanent - design of permanent soil conservation structures such as chute, drop and drop inlet spillways. Design of farm ponds and percolation ponds. Principles of flood control-flood routing. Watershed Management - investigation, planning and implementation - selection of priority areas and water shed work plan, water harvesting and moisture conservation. Land development - levelling, estimation of earth volumes and costing. Wind Erosion process - design fo shelter belts and wind brakes and their management. Forest (Conservation) Act,
2. Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing: Basic characteristics of photographic images, interpretation keys, equipment for interpretation, imagery interpretation for land use, geology, soil and forestry.
Remote sensing - merits and demerits of conventional and remote sensing approaches. Types of satellite images, fundamentals of satellite image interpretation, teachniques of visual and digital interpretations for soil, water and land use management. Use of GIS in planning and development of watersheds, forests including forest cover, water resources etc.
Section B
3. Irrigation and Drainage: Sources of water for irrigation. Planning and design of minor irrigation projects. Techniques of measuring soil moisture - laboratory and in situ, Soil-water plant relationships. Water requirement of crops. Planning conjunctive use of surface and ground weater. Measurement of irrigation water, measuring devices - orifices, weirs and flumes. Methods of irrigation - surface, sprinkler and drip, fertigation. Irrigation efficiencies and their estimation. Design and construction of canals, field channels, underground pipelines, head-gates, diversion boxes and structures for road crossing. Occurrence of ground water, hydraulics of wells, types of wells (tube wells and open wells) and their construction. Well development and testing. Pumps-types, selection and installation. Rehabilitation of sick and failed wells.
Drainage causes of waterlogging and salt problem. Methods of drainage of irrigated and unirrigated lands, design of surface, sub-surface and vertical drainage systems. Improvement and utilization of poor quality water. Reclamation of saline and alkali soils. Economics of irrigation and drainage systems. Use of waste water for irrigation standards of waste water for sustained irrigation, feasibility and economics.
4. Agricultural Structures: Site selection, design and construction of farmstead - farm house, cattle shed, dairy bam, poultry shed, hog housing, machinery and implement shed, storage structures for food grains, feed and forage. Design and consturction of fences and farm roads. Structures for plant environment - green houses, poly houses and shade houses. Common building materials used in construction - timber, brick, stone, tiles, concrete etc and their properties. Water supply, drainage and sanitation system.
Paper - II
Section A
1. Farm Power and Machinery: Agricultural mechanization and its scope. Sources of farm power - animate and electro-mechanical. Thermodynamics, construction and working of internal combustion engines. Fuel, ignition, lubrication, cooling and governing system of IC engines. Different types of tractors and power tillers. Power tramsmission, ground drive, power take off (p.t.o.) and control systems. Operation and maintenance of farm machinery for primary and secondary tillage. Traction theory. Sowing transplanting and interculture implements and tools. Plant protection equipment - spraying and dusting. Harvesting, threshing and combining equipment. Machinery for earth moving and land development - methods and cost estimation. Ergonomics of man-machine system. Machinery for horticulture and agro-forestry, feeds and forages. Haulage of agricultural and forest produce.
2. Agro-energy: Energy requirements of agricultural operations and agro-processing. Selection, installation, safety and maintenance of electric motors for agricultural applications. Solar (thermal and photovoltoic), wind and bio-gas energy and their utilization in agriculture. Gasification of biomass for running IC engines and for electric power generation. Energy efficient cooking stoves and alternate cooking fuels. Distribution of electricity for agricultural and agro-industrial applications.
Section B
3. Agricultural Process Engineering: Post harvest technology of crops and its scope. Engineering properties of agricultural produces and by-products. Unit operations - clearning grading, size reduction, densification, concentration, drying/dehydration, evaporation, filtration, freezing and packaging of agricultural produces and by-products. Material handling equipment - belt and screw conveyors, bucket elevators, their capacity and power requirement. Processing of milk and dairy products - homogenization, cream separation, pasteurization, sterilization, spray and roller drying, butter making, ice cream, cheese and shrikhand manufacture. Waste and by-product utilization - rice husk, rice bran, sugarcane bagasse, plant residues and coir pith.
4. Instrumentation and computer applications in Agricultural Engineering: Electronic devices and their characteristics - rectifiers, amplifiers, oscillators, multivibrators. Digital circuits sequential and combinational system. Application of microprocessors in data acquisition and control of agricultural engineering processes- measurement systems for level, flow, strain, force, torque, power, pressure, vaccum and temperature. Computers introduction, input/output devices, central processing unit, memory devices, operating systems, processors, keyboards and printers. Algorithms, flowchart specification, programme translation and problem analysis in Agricultural Engineering. Multimedia and Audio-Visual aids.
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING MCQS
1. The velocity of a fluid in a pipe of diameter D is V. The pipe is connected to another pipe of diameter 2D. Reynolds number in the pipe of diameter D in relation to the pipe of diameter 2D is :
1) Double 2) Four times 3) Half 4) Same
Ans: 1
2. The part of a refrigeration unit in which the refrigerant changes from vapour to liquid is called:
1) Evaporator 2) compressor 3) condenser 4) throttle valve
Ans: 3
3. Psychrometric chart is a graphical representation of which properties of air:
1) Chemical 2) Aerodynamic 3) Hygroscopic 4) Thermodynamic
Ans: 4
4. Logarithmic mean radius of a pipe in relation to its arithmetic mean radius is always:
1) Smaller 2) Greater 3) Equal or smaller 4) Equal or greater
Ans: 1
5. At air 40 deg C and 50% rh has a wet bulb depression of 10 deg C. If the relative humidity decreases to 40%, the wet bulb depression will
1) increase 2) decrease 3) remain constant 4) follow no definite trend
Ans: 1
6. Regeneraton is economical when product is
1) Heated 2) Cooled 3) Heated and cooled 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
7. Angle between centre line of kingpin of tractor and vertical line is called
1) Tilt angle 2) Camber Angle 3) Caster angle 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
8. Freezing temperature of brine is :
1) Lower than pure water 2) Higher than pure water 3) same 4) None of the Above
Ans: 1
9. Which of the following mineral particle size (s) is classified as silt according to ISSS:
1) 0.05 to 0.1 mm 2) 0.002 to 0.05 mm 3) 0.002 to 0.02 mm 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
10. Maize is a :
1) Soil maintaining crop 2) Soil building crop 3) Soil depleting crop 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
11.Class IV type lands are :
1) Suitable for cultivation 2) Not suitable for cultivation
3) Partly suitable for cultivation 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
12. Length of the surveyor’s chain is
1) 33 ft. 2) 66 ft. 3) 100 ft. 4) 150 ft.
Ans: 2
13. Soil degradation takes place due to:
1) Glacial erosion 2) Geologic erosion 3) Accelerated erosion 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
14. Darcy’s Law is valid for :
1) Laminar and turbulent flow 2) Turbulent flow
3) Laminar flow 4) Transient flow
Ans: 3
15. A refrigerant vapour is to be condensed inside a shell and tube heat exchanger using water as the cooling medium. The water should flow through
1) Shell side of the heat exchanger
2) Tube side of the heat exchanger
3) Any of 1) and 2) above
4) None of the above
Ans: 2
16. Fluid which become more fluid viscosity decreases with time as they are stirred are known as
1) Pseudoplastic 2) Dilantant 3) Thixotropic 4) Rheopeetle
Ans: 3
17. Jointer and coulter are the parts of
1) Disc plough 2) Harrow plough 3) Indigenous plough 4) MB plough
Ans: 1
18. In a heat exchanger, the rate of heat transfer from the hot fluid to the cold fluid
1) Varies as square of the area
2) Varies directly as the area and its LMTD
3) Directly proportional to LMTD and inversely as the area
4) none of the above
Ans: 2
19.Slump test is used for measurement of
1)Hardness of concrete 2)plasticity of concrete 3)Elasticity of concrete
4) all of the above
Ans: 2
20. Natural convection is associated with:
1) Prandtl number only 2) Reynolds number only
3) Grashof number only 4) Nusselt number only
Ans: 3
21. Theoretically number of ways to increase cyclone efficiency when particle size reduces from 10 micron to 5 micron diameter are
1) By increasing entrance velocity 2) By increasing length of cyclone
3) Temperature in the cyclone 4) 1 and 2
Ans: 1
22. Milk and fruit juice are deaerated before they are allowed to flow through pasteurizer. This is done in order to:
1) reduce fouling of pasteurizer 2) increase rate of heat transfer
3) reduce oxidative deterioration 4) reduce microbial load
Ans: 2
23. Thermal vapour compression is used in
1) Evaporator 2) Homogenizer 3) Pasteurizer 4) None of the above
Ans: 2
24. The specific gravity of skim milk is
1) lower than whole milk 2) same as whole milk
3) higher than whole milk 4) same as water
Ans: 3
25. Centrifugal discharge is used in
1) belt conveyor 2) chain conveyor 3) screw (auger) conveyor 4) bucket elevator
Ans: 3
26. The removal of few large particles in an initial process is
1) Scalping 2) Cleaning 3) Grading 4) Sorting
Ans: 1
27. Disc separator separates materials on the basis of
1) Length 2) Width 3) Weight 4) Shape
Ans: 4
28. For biological materials, the relationship between EMC and RH was given by
1) Janssen 2) Rankine 3) Henderson 4) Chung Fast
Ans: 2
29. In ball mill, the size of food grains is reduced due to
1) Crushing 2) Shearing 3) Impact 4) All of the above
Ans: 2
30. In a godown extra space for alleyways for inspection and disinfection of stacks is provided which is generally about
1) 30 % 2) 20 % 3) 5 % 4) 1 %
Ans: 2
31. In stanchion barn, the cows are housed and milked in
1)Different building 2)open space 3)same buildings 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
32. In deep litter poultry house, the depth of litter in centimeters should be
1)15-20 2)20-25 3)10-15 4) 30-40
Ans: 3
33. Herring bone is a
1)Milking parlour 2)fencing 3)barn 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
34. The velocity required to operate a wind mill is more than
1)5 KMPH 2)10 KMPH 3) 5 miles per hour 4) 10 miles per hour
Ans: 3
35. Main constituent of biogas is
1) Methane 2) Ethane 3) Butane 4) Carbon dioxide
Ans: 1
36. In floating type biogas plant, the gasholder is made of
1) Metal 2) Wood 3) Cement and Bricks 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
37. The gas production per unit volume of digester capacity will be maximum when the diameter to depth ratio of digester will be in the range of
1) 0.66 to 1.00 2) 0.75 to 1.20 3) 0.85 to 1.30 4) 0.90 to 1.40
Ans: 3
38. The wet process of biomass digestion involve
1) Pyrolysis and Gasification 2) Hydrogenation and liquefaction
3) Liquefaction and Pyrolysis 4) Anaerobic digestion and fermentation
Ans: 2
39. Tilt angle in a disc plough varies from:
1) 5-10 deg. 2) 10-15 deg 3) 15-25 deg. 4) 25-30 deg.
Ans: 2
40. Increasing length of land side of a one bottom right hand mould board plow will:
1) Increase the amount of offset on the tractor
2) Decrease the amount of offset
3) No affect
4) None of the above
Ans: 4
41. Disc type furrow openers are especially suited to
1) Stoney and root infested soils
2) Poorly prepared bed in trashy soils
3) Hard and sticky ground with considerable amount of debris and mulch
4) All of the above
Ans: 4
42. A power tiller is most suited for rotary cultivation because
1).It generates negative draft
2).Its traction requirement is low
3).It provides high degree of soil pulverization
4).All of the above
Ans: 3
43. The most used and least efficient power outlet of a tractor is
1) Power take-off shaft in the front 2) Drawbar in the rear
3) P.T.O. in the rear 4) None of the above
Ans: 4
44. If the travel speed of a tillage tool is increased. The draft will
1) Increase linearly 2) Decrease linearly
3) Increase quadratically 4) Decrease quadratically
Ans: 2
45. The penetration of animal-drawn disc harrows can be increased by:
1) increasing the disc angle 2) decreasing the tilt angle
3) adding more dead weight 4) All of the above
Ans: 2
46. The use of a pressurized radiator cap in forced-circulation water cooling system in tractor engines helps in
1) reducing the evaporation losses 2) increasing the engine-operating temperature
3) increasing the boiling temperature of water 4) increasing the radiator-cooling capacity
Ans: 4
47. The common type of fertilizer metering mechanism used on animal-drawn seed cum fertilizer drills is
1) star-wheel feed 2) Auger
3) Stationary opening 4) Edge cell vertical rotor
Ans: 2
48. The firing order of 4 stroke 4 cylinder engine is
1) 1-3-2-4 2) 1-3-4-2 3) 1-4-3-2 4) 1-2-3-4
Ans: 2
1) Double 2) Four times 3) Half 4) Same
Ans: 1
2. The part of a refrigeration unit in which the refrigerant changes from vapour to liquid is called:
1) Evaporator 2) compressor 3) condenser 4) throttle valve
Ans: 3
3. Psychrometric chart is a graphical representation of which properties of air:
1) Chemical 2) Aerodynamic 3) Hygroscopic 4) Thermodynamic
Ans: 4
4. Logarithmic mean radius of a pipe in relation to its arithmetic mean radius is always:
1) Smaller 2) Greater 3) Equal or smaller 4) Equal or greater
Ans: 1
5. At air 40 deg C and 50% rh has a wet bulb depression of 10 deg C. If the relative humidity decreases to 40%, the wet bulb depression will
1) increase 2) decrease 3) remain constant 4) follow no definite trend
Ans: 1
6. Regeneraton is economical when product is
1) Heated 2) Cooled 3) Heated and cooled 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
7. Angle between centre line of kingpin of tractor and vertical line is called
1) Tilt angle 2) Camber Angle 3) Caster angle 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
8. Freezing temperature of brine is :
1) Lower than pure water 2) Higher than pure water 3) same 4) None of the Above
Ans: 1
9. Which of the following mineral particle size (s) is classified as silt according to ISSS:
1) 0.05 to 0.1 mm 2) 0.002 to 0.05 mm 3) 0.002 to 0.02 mm 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
10. Maize is a :
1) Soil maintaining crop 2) Soil building crop 3) Soil depleting crop 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
11.Class IV type lands are :
1) Suitable for cultivation 2) Not suitable for cultivation
3) Partly suitable for cultivation 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
12. Length of the surveyor’s chain is
1) 33 ft. 2) 66 ft. 3) 100 ft. 4) 150 ft.
Ans: 2
13. Soil degradation takes place due to:
1) Glacial erosion 2) Geologic erosion 3) Accelerated erosion 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
14. Darcy’s Law is valid for :
1) Laminar and turbulent flow 2) Turbulent flow
3) Laminar flow 4) Transient flow
Ans: 3
15. A refrigerant vapour is to be condensed inside a shell and tube heat exchanger using water as the cooling medium. The water should flow through
1) Shell side of the heat exchanger
2) Tube side of the heat exchanger
3) Any of 1) and 2) above
4) None of the above
Ans: 2
16. Fluid which become more fluid viscosity decreases with time as they are stirred are known as
1) Pseudoplastic 2) Dilantant 3) Thixotropic 4) Rheopeetle
Ans: 3
17. Jointer and coulter are the parts of
1) Disc plough 2) Harrow plough 3) Indigenous plough 4) MB plough
Ans: 1
18. In a heat exchanger, the rate of heat transfer from the hot fluid to the cold fluid
1) Varies as square of the area
2) Varies directly as the area and its LMTD
3) Directly proportional to LMTD and inversely as the area
4) none of the above
Ans: 2
19.Slump test is used for measurement of
1)Hardness of concrete 2)plasticity of concrete 3)Elasticity of concrete
4) all of the above
Ans: 2
20. Natural convection is associated with:
1) Prandtl number only 2) Reynolds number only
3) Grashof number only 4) Nusselt number only
Ans: 3
21. Theoretically number of ways to increase cyclone efficiency when particle size reduces from 10 micron to 5 micron diameter are
1) By increasing entrance velocity 2) By increasing length of cyclone
3) Temperature in the cyclone 4) 1 and 2
Ans: 1
22. Milk and fruit juice are deaerated before they are allowed to flow through pasteurizer. This is done in order to:
1) reduce fouling of pasteurizer 2) increase rate of heat transfer
3) reduce oxidative deterioration 4) reduce microbial load
Ans: 2
23. Thermal vapour compression is used in
1) Evaporator 2) Homogenizer 3) Pasteurizer 4) None of the above
Ans: 2
24. The specific gravity of skim milk is
1) lower than whole milk 2) same as whole milk
3) higher than whole milk 4) same as water
Ans: 3
25. Centrifugal discharge is used in
1) belt conveyor 2) chain conveyor 3) screw (auger) conveyor 4) bucket elevator
Ans: 3
26. The removal of few large particles in an initial process is
1) Scalping 2) Cleaning 3) Grading 4) Sorting
Ans: 1
27. Disc separator separates materials on the basis of
1) Length 2) Width 3) Weight 4) Shape
Ans: 4
28. For biological materials, the relationship between EMC and RH was given by
1) Janssen 2) Rankine 3) Henderson 4) Chung Fast
Ans: 2
29. In ball mill, the size of food grains is reduced due to
1) Crushing 2) Shearing 3) Impact 4) All of the above
Ans: 2
30. In a godown extra space for alleyways for inspection and disinfection of stacks is provided which is generally about
1) 30 % 2) 20 % 3) 5 % 4) 1 %
Ans: 2
31. In stanchion barn, the cows are housed and milked in
1)Different building 2)open space 3)same buildings 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
32. In deep litter poultry house, the depth of litter in centimeters should be
1)15-20 2)20-25 3)10-15 4) 30-40
Ans: 3
33. Herring bone is a
1)Milking parlour 2)fencing 3)barn 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
34. The velocity required to operate a wind mill is more than
1)5 KMPH 2)10 KMPH 3) 5 miles per hour 4) 10 miles per hour
Ans: 3
35. Main constituent of biogas is
1) Methane 2) Ethane 3) Butane 4) Carbon dioxide
Ans: 1
36. In floating type biogas plant, the gasholder is made of
1) Metal 2) Wood 3) Cement and Bricks 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
37. The gas production per unit volume of digester capacity will be maximum when the diameter to depth ratio of digester will be in the range of
1) 0.66 to 1.00 2) 0.75 to 1.20 3) 0.85 to 1.30 4) 0.90 to 1.40
Ans: 3
38. The wet process of biomass digestion involve
1) Pyrolysis and Gasification 2) Hydrogenation and liquefaction
3) Liquefaction and Pyrolysis 4) Anaerobic digestion and fermentation
Ans: 2
39. Tilt angle in a disc plough varies from:
1) 5-10 deg. 2) 10-15 deg 3) 15-25 deg. 4) 25-30 deg.
Ans: 2
40. Increasing length of land side of a one bottom right hand mould board plow will:
1) Increase the amount of offset on the tractor
2) Decrease the amount of offset
3) No affect
4) None of the above
Ans: 4
41. Disc type furrow openers are especially suited to
1) Stoney and root infested soils
2) Poorly prepared bed in trashy soils
3) Hard and sticky ground with considerable amount of debris and mulch
4) All of the above
Ans: 4
42. A power tiller is most suited for rotary cultivation because
1).It generates negative draft
2).Its traction requirement is low
3).It provides high degree of soil pulverization
4).All of the above
Ans: 3
43. The most used and least efficient power outlet of a tractor is
1) Power take-off shaft in the front 2) Drawbar in the rear
3) P.T.O. in the rear 4) None of the above
Ans: 4
44. If the travel speed of a tillage tool is increased. The draft will
1) Increase linearly 2) Decrease linearly
3) Increase quadratically 4) Decrease quadratically
Ans: 2
45. The penetration of animal-drawn disc harrows can be increased by:
1) increasing the disc angle 2) decreasing the tilt angle
3) adding more dead weight 4) All of the above
Ans: 2
46. The use of a pressurized radiator cap in forced-circulation water cooling system in tractor engines helps in
1) reducing the evaporation losses 2) increasing the engine-operating temperature
3) increasing the boiling temperature of water 4) increasing the radiator-cooling capacity
Ans: 4
47. The common type of fertilizer metering mechanism used on animal-drawn seed cum fertilizer drills is
1) star-wheel feed 2) Auger
3) Stationary opening 4) Edge cell vertical rotor
Ans: 2
48. The firing order of 4 stroke 4 cylinder engine is
1) 1-3-2-4 2) 1-3-4-2 3) 1-4-3-2 4) 1-2-3-4
Ans: 2
49. The discharge rate of drip emitters usually ranges from :
1) 2-10 liters/day 2) 2-10 liters/hr 3) 2-10 liters/min 4) 2-10 liters/sec
Ans: 2
50. Sprinkler irrigation is recommended in :
1) Highly undulating area
2) Soils having high infiltration rate
3) Irrigation source is a tube well
4) In all the above situations
Ans: 4
51. The soil property for good ground water yield is :
1) Porosity 2) Effective size > 0.1 mm
3) Uniformity coefficient > 3 4) Uniformity coefficient < 2
Ans: 4
52. Vertical interval (VI) of bench terrace for a vertical cut is given as :
1) (100S)/W 2) (100S)/S 3) (100/(WS) 4) (WS/100)
Ans: 4
53. Mole drains are suitable for
1) Very coarse soil 2) Medium coarse soil 3) Sandy loam soil 4) Fine texture soil
Ans: 4
54. Hydraulically most efficient cross-section of an open channel is
1) Triangular 2) Rectangular 3) Semi-circular 4) Trapezoidal
Ans: 3
55. Sediment yield is the
1) Total soil loss from an area 2) Product of gross erosion and delivery ration
3) Both 1) and 2) 4) None of the above
Ans: 1
56. Chute spillway is used in control a drop of
1) 0-3 m 2) 1-4 m 3) 2-4 m 4) 3-6 m
Ans: 4
57. Soil loss in geologic erosion is
1) Les than accelerated erosion 2) Greater than accelerated erosion
3) Medium 4). None of the above
Ans: 3
58. Self priming centrifugal pump has impellor of following type
1) Backward curved vane impeller2) Radial vane impeller
3) Forward curved vane impeller 4) Combination of radial and forward curved vane impeller.
Ans: 1
59. Toe-in and toe-out are related with
1) Front axle of tractor b) Rear axle of tractor c) Tractor steering d) Transmission system
Ans: 1
60. In the Rational formula Q = 0.0028 C.I.A., I is the intensity of rainfall in
1) mm per hour 2) cm per hour 3) m per hour 4) cm per minute
Ans: 1
61. Separation of liquids from solids by the application of pressure is known as:
1)Extraction 2) Expression 3) Filtration 4) Leaching.
Ans: 2
62. In size reduction of fine powders, which of the following laws in more applicable:
1) Kick’ Law 2) Rittinger’s Law 3) Bond’s Law 4) All of the above
Ans: 2
63. The percentage of bran received from paddy:
1) 5 2) 10 3) 15 4) 20
Ans: 1
64. Increasing the cylinder speed results in
1) Increase the threshing efficiency 2) Reduce cylinder loss
3) Increase seed damage 4) All of the above
Ans: 4
65. In a rubber roll paddy sheller, the direction or rotation and peripheral speeds of the Rollers are respectively
1) Same and equal 2) Same and different
3) Opposite and equal 4) Opposite and different
Ans: 4
66. In dry milling process of pulses, prior to treatment with oil, the following operation is done
1) Conditioning 2) Grading 3) Pitting 4) scalping
Ans: 3
67. In case of intermittent drying, total drying time reduces as exposure time
1) Increases 2) Decreases 3) No effect 4) None of the above.
Ans: 2
68. Generally temperature in multiple effect evaporators will___in subsequent effects
1) Decrease 2)Increase 3) remains constant 4) None of the above
Ans: 1
69. Theoretically number of ways to increase cyclone efficiency when particle size reduces from 10 micron to 5 micron diameter are
1) By increasing entrance velocity 2) By increasing length of cyclone
3) Temperature in the cyclone 4) 1 and 2
Ans: 4
70. Milk and fruit juice are deaerated before they are allowed to flow through pasteurizer. This is done in order to:
1) reduce fouling of pasteurizer 2) increase rate of heat transfer
3) reduce oxidative deterioration 4) reduce microbial load
Ans: 3
71. Thermal vapour compression is used in
1) Evaporator 2) Homogenizer 3) Pasteurizer 4) None of the above
Ans: 1
72. The specific gravity of skim milk is
1) lower than whole milk 2) same as whole milk
3) higher than whole milk 4) same as water
Ans: 3
73. Centrifugal discharge is used in
1) belt conveyor 2) chain conveyor 3) screw (auger) conveyor 4) bucket elevator
Ans: 4
74. The removal of few large particles in an initial process is
1) Scalping 2) Cleaning 3) Grading 4) Sorting
Ans: 1
75. Disc separator separates materials on the basis of
1) Length 2) Width 3) Weight 4) Shape
Ans: 1
76. For biological materials, the relationship between EMC and RH was given by
1) Janssen 2) Rankine 3) Henderson 4) Chung Fast
Ans: 3
77. In ball mill, the size of food grains is reduced due to
1) Crushing 2) Shearing 3) Impact 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
78. In a godown extra space for alleyways for inspection and disinfection of stacks is provided which is generally about
1) 30 % 2) 20 % 3) 5 % 4) 1 %
Ans: 1
79. In stanchion barn, the cows are housed and milked in
1)Different building 2)open space 3)same buildings 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
80. In deep litter poultry house, the depth of litter in centimeters should be
1)15-20 2)20-25 3)10-15 4) 30-40
Ans: 1
81. Herring bone is a
1)Milking parlour 2)fencing 3)barn 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
82. The velocity required to operate a wind mill is more than
1)5 KMPH 2)10 KMPH 3) 5 miles per hour 4) 10 miles per hour
Ans: 2
83. Main constituent of biogas is
1) Methane 2) Ethane 3) Butane 4) Carbon dioxide
Ans: 1
84. In floating type biogas plant, the gasholder is made of
1) Metal 2) Wood 3) Cement and Bricks 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
85. The gas production per unit volume of digester capacity will be maximum when the diameter to depth ratio of digester will be in the range of
1) 0.66 to 1.00 2) 0.75 to 1.20 3) 0.85 to 1.30 4) 0.90 to 1.40
Ans: 1
86. The wet process of biomass digestion involve
1) Pyrolysis and Gasification 2) Hydrogenation and liquefaction
3) Liquefaction and Pyrolysis 4) Anaerobic digestion and fermentation
Ans: 4
87. Tilt angle in a disc plough varies from:
1) 5-10 deg. 2) 10-15 deg 3) 15-25 deg. 4) 25-30 deg.
Ans: 3
88. Increasing length of land side of a one bottom right hand mould board plow will:
1) Increase the amount of offset on the tractor
2) Decrease the amount of offset
3) No affect
4) None of the above
Ans: 3
89. Disc type furrow openers are especially suited to
1) Stoney and root infested soils
2) Poorly prepared bed in trashy soils
3) Hard and sticky ground with considerable amount of debris and mulch
4) All of the above
Ans: 3
90. A power tiller is most suited for rotary cultivation because
1).It generates negative draft
2).Its traction requirement is low
3).It provides high degree of soil pulverization
4).All of the above
Ans: 1
91. The most used and least efficient power outlet of a tractor is
1) Power take-off shaft in the front 2) Drawbar in the rear
3) P.T.O. in the rear 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
92. If the travel speed of a tillage tool is increased. The draft will
1) Increase linearly 2) Decrease linearly
3) Increase quadratically 4) Decrease quadratically
Ans: 3
93. The penetration of animal-drawn disc harrows can be increased by:
1) increasing the disc angle 2) decreasing the tilt angle
3) adding more dead weight 4) All of the above
Ans: 4
94. The use of a pressurized radiator cap in forced-circulation water cooling system in tractor engines helps in
1) reducing the evaporation losses 2) increasing the engine-operating temperature
3) increasing the boiling temperature of water 4) increasing the radiator-cooling capacity
Ans: 3
95. The common type of fertilizer metering mechanism used on animal-drawn seed cum fertilizer drills is
1) star-wheel feed 2) Auger
3) Stationary opening 4) Edge cell vertical rotor
Ans: 1
96. The firing order of 4 stroke 4cylinder engine is
1) 1-3-2-4 2) 1-3-4-2 3) 1-4-3-2 4) 1-2-3-4
Ans: 2
97. Angle between centre line of kingpin of tractor and vertical line is called
1) Tilt angle 2) Camber Angle 3) Caster angle 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
98. Jointer and coulter are the parts of
1) Disc plough 2) Harrow plough 3) Indigenous plough 4) MB plough
Ans: 4
1) 2-10 liters/day 2) 2-10 liters/hr 3) 2-10 liters/min 4) 2-10 liters/sec
Ans: 2
50. Sprinkler irrigation is recommended in :
1) Highly undulating area
2) Soils having high infiltration rate
3) Irrigation source is a tube well
4) In all the above situations
Ans: 4
51. The soil property for good ground water yield is :
1) Porosity 2) Effective size > 0.1 mm
3) Uniformity coefficient > 3 4) Uniformity coefficient < 2
Ans: 4
52. Vertical interval (VI) of bench terrace for a vertical cut is given as :
1) (100S)/W 2) (100S)/S 3) (100/(WS) 4) (WS/100)
Ans: 4
53. Mole drains are suitable for
1) Very coarse soil 2) Medium coarse soil 3) Sandy loam soil 4) Fine texture soil
Ans: 4
54. Hydraulically most efficient cross-section of an open channel is
1) Triangular 2) Rectangular 3) Semi-circular 4) Trapezoidal
Ans: 3
55. Sediment yield is the
1) Total soil loss from an area 2) Product of gross erosion and delivery ration
3) Both 1) and 2) 4) None of the above
Ans: 1
56. Chute spillway is used in control a drop of
1) 0-3 m 2) 1-4 m 3) 2-4 m 4) 3-6 m
Ans: 4
57. Soil loss in geologic erosion is
1) Les than accelerated erosion 2) Greater than accelerated erosion
3) Medium 4). None of the above
Ans: 3
58. Self priming centrifugal pump has impellor of following type
1) Backward curved vane impeller2) Radial vane impeller
3) Forward curved vane impeller 4) Combination of radial and forward curved vane impeller.
Ans: 1
59. Toe-in and toe-out are related with
1) Front axle of tractor b) Rear axle of tractor c) Tractor steering d) Transmission system
Ans: 1
60. In the Rational formula Q = 0.0028 C.I.A., I is the intensity of rainfall in
1) mm per hour 2) cm per hour 3) m per hour 4) cm per minute
Ans: 1
61. Separation of liquids from solids by the application of pressure is known as:
1)Extraction 2) Expression 3) Filtration 4) Leaching.
Ans: 2
62. In size reduction of fine powders, which of the following laws in more applicable:
1) Kick’ Law 2) Rittinger’s Law 3) Bond’s Law 4) All of the above
Ans: 2
63. The percentage of bran received from paddy:
1) 5 2) 10 3) 15 4) 20
Ans: 1
64. Increasing the cylinder speed results in
1) Increase the threshing efficiency 2) Reduce cylinder loss
3) Increase seed damage 4) All of the above
Ans: 4
65. In a rubber roll paddy sheller, the direction or rotation and peripheral speeds of the Rollers are respectively
1) Same and equal 2) Same and different
3) Opposite and equal 4) Opposite and different
Ans: 4
66. In dry milling process of pulses, prior to treatment with oil, the following operation is done
1) Conditioning 2) Grading 3) Pitting 4) scalping
Ans: 3
67. In case of intermittent drying, total drying time reduces as exposure time
1) Increases 2) Decreases 3) No effect 4) None of the above.
Ans: 2
68. Generally temperature in multiple effect evaporators will___in subsequent effects
1) Decrease 2)Increase 3) remains constant 4) None of the above
Ans: 1
69. Theoretically number of ways to increase cyclone efficiency when particle size reduces from 10 micron to 5 micron diameter are
1) By increasing entrance velocity 2) By increasing length of cyclone
3) Temperature in the cyclone 4) 1 and 2
Ans: 4
70. Milk and fruit juice are deaerated before they are allowed to flow through pasteurizer. This is done in order to:
1) reduce fouling of pasteurizer 2) increase rate of heat transfer
3) reduce oxidative deterioration 4) reduce microbial load
Ans: 3
71. Thermal vapour compression is used in
1) Evaporator 2) Homogenizer 3) Pasteurizer 4) None of the above
Ans: 1
72. The specific gravity of skim milk is
1) lower than whole milk 2) same as whole milk
3) higher than whole milk 4) same as water
Ans: 3
73. Centrifugal discharge is used in
1) belt conveyor 2) chain conveyor 3) screw (auger) conveyor 4) bucket elevator
Ans: 4
74. The removal of few large particles in an initial process is
1) Scalping 2) Cleaning 3) Grading 4) Sorting
Ans: 1
75. Disc separator separates materials on the basis of
1) Length 2) Width 3) Weight 4) Shape
Ans: 1
76. For biological materials, the relationship between EMC and RH was given by
1) Janssen 2) Rankine 3) Henderson 4) Chung Fast
Ans: 3
77. In ball mill, the size of food grains is reduced due to
1) Crushing 2) Shearing 3) Impact 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
78. In a godown extra space for alleyways for inspection and disinfection of stacks is provided which is generally about
1) 30 % 2) 20 % 3) 5 % 4) 1 %
Ans: 1
79. In stanchion barn, the cows are housed and milked in
1)Different building 2)open space 3)same buildings 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
80. In deep litter poultry house, the depth of litter in centimeters should be
1)15-20 2)20-25 3)10-15 4) 30-40
Ans: 1
81. Herring bone is a
1)Milking parlour 2)fencing 3)barn 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
82. The velocity required to operate a wind mill is more than
1)5 KMPH 2)10 KMPH 3) 5 miles per hour 4) 10 miles per hour
Ans: 2
83. Main constituent of biogas is
1) Methane 2) Ethane 3) Butane 4) Carbon dioxide
Ans: 1
84. In floating type biogas plant, the gasholder is made of
1) Metal 2) Wood 3) Cement and Bricks 4) All of the above
Ans: 1
85. The gas production per unit volume of digester capacity will be maximum when the diameter to depth ratio of digester will be in the range of
1) 0.66 to 1.00 2) 0.75 to 1.20 3) 0.85 to 1.30 4) 0.90 to 1.40
Ans: 1
86. The wet process of biomass digestion involve
1) Pyrolysis and Gasification 2) Hydrogenation and liquefaction
3) Liquefaction and Pyrolysis 4) Anaerobic digestion and fermentation
Ans: 4
87. Tilt angle in a disc plough varies from:
1) 5-10 deg. 2) 10-15 deg 3) 15-25 deg. 4) 25-30 deg.
Ans: 3
88. Increasing length of land side of a one bottom right hand mould board plow will:
1) Increase the amount of offset on the tractor
2) Decrease the amount of offset
3) No affect
4) None of the above
Ans: 3
89. Disc type furrow openers are especially suited to
1) Stoney and root infested soils
2) Poorly prepared bed in trashy soils
3) Hard and sticky ground with considerable amount of debris and mulch
4) All of the above
Ans: 3
90. A power tiller is most suited for rotary cultivation because
1).It generates negative draft
2).Its traction requirement is low
3).It provides high degree of soil pulverization
4).All of the above
Ans: 1
91. The most used and least efficient power outlet of a tractor is
1) Power take-off shaft in the front 2) Drawbar in the rear
3) P.T.O. in the rear 4) None of the above
Ans: 3
92. If the travel speed of a tillage tool is increased. The draft will
1) Increase linearly 2) Decrease linearly
3) Increase quadratically 4) Decrease quadratically
Ans: 3
93. The penetration of animal-drawn disc harrows can be increased by:
1) increasing the disc angle 2) decreasing the tilt angle
3) adding more dead weight 4) All of the above
Ans: 4
94. The use of a pressurized radiator cap in forced-circulation water cooling system in tractor engines helps in
1) reducing the evaporation losses 2) increasing the engine-operating temperature
3) increasing the boiling temperature of water 4) increasing the radiator-cooling capacity
Ans: 3
95. The common type of fertilizer metering mechanism used on animal-drawn seed cum fertilizer drills is
1) star-wheel feed 2) Auger
3) Stationary opening 4) Edge cell vertical rotor
Ans: 1
96. The firing order of 4 stroke 4cylinder engine is
1) 1-3-2-4 2) 1-3-4-2 3) 1-4-3-2 4) 1-2-3-4
Ans: 2
97. Angle between centre line of kingpin of tractor and vertical line is called
1) Tilt angle 2) Camber Angle 3) Caster angle 4) All of the above
Ans: 3
98. Jointer and coulter are the parts of
1) Disc plough 2) Harrow plough 3) Indigenous plough 4) MB plough
Ans: 4
99. The function f(x) represents a normal distribution whose standard deviation and mean are 1 and 5,respectively. The value of f(x) at x = 5 is
(A) 0.0 (B) 0.159 (C) 0.282 (D) 0.398
Ans: D
100. A watershed area of 1851 hectare has maximum distance of 7.12 km from the outlet to the farthest point on the divide line. The form factor of the watershed is
(A) 2.60 (B) 2.73 (C) 0.365 (D) 0.385
Ans: C
(A) 0.0 (B) 0.159 (C) 0.282 (D) 0.398
Ans: D
100. A watershed area of 1851 hectare has maximum distance of 7.12 km from the outlet to the farthest point on the divide line. The form factor of the watershed is
(A) 2.60 (B) 2.73 (C) 0.365 (D) 0.385
Ans: C