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AGRONOMY​


AGRONOMY SYLLABUS

(These syllabus may change from time to time. Please check with the relevant Public Service Commission websites for any changes in the syllabus)​
​
Agro-climatic zones of India and Rajasthan and their characteristics, tillage: objectives, types and modern concepts in tillage: zero, minimum and conservation tillage, climate change and agriculture, precision farming, plant growth regulators and their role in agriculture, growth and development, crop growth analysis, cardinal points, source-sink relationship.

Weather and climate: variables and their relation with crop production, solar radiation: characteristic and energy balance in atmosphere, photosynthesis and efficiency of radiation utilization by crops. Weather forecasting and remote sensing in India, atmospheric pollution and its impact on climate and crop production. 

Water resources of India, importance of irrigation, its statistics in India, soil-water-plant atmosphere relationship, mechanism of water movement in soil, theories and mechanism of water absorption, soil moisture measurement, water requirement of field crops, irrigation: methods, evaluation and scheduling, moisture stress and its mitigation, management of excess soil water and drainage, water saving techniques under irrigated conditions and conjuctive use, micro irrigation and fertigation, management of salt-affected soils and brackish irrigation water, consumptive use and water- use efficiency.

Criteria of essentiality of plant nutrients, functions and their deficiency symptoms, soil fertility and productivity concept, forms of nutrients uptake, nitrogen:  transformation in soil, mineralization of N-compounds, losses of N in soil, methods to increase N-use efficiency, phosphorus : availability and P-fixation, practices of increasing effectiveness of applied and native phosphorus. Potassium : fixation and
release of potassium, bio-fertilizers, N, P and K fertilizers and their application methods, secondary and micro nutrients, integrated nutrient management.

Weeds: iology, ecology and classification. Herbicides: history, classification, mode of action, basis of selectivity, weed management practices in common field crops, weed control under specific situations viz. non-cropped area, noxious farm weeds, parasitic weeds and their control, persistence of herbicides in soil, integrated weed management, herbicide resistance in weed and crops.

Dry land farming: role in economy, constraints in dry land farming, moisture stress, mechanism of crop adaptation for dry land, in situ moisture conservation techniques, contingent planning and mid-season corrections for aberrant weather situations, water harvesting, watershed management, improved dryland technology, alternate land use system, soil erosion: types and management and land capability
classification.

Cropping systems: Principles and practices, cropping systems under irrigated and rain fed situations, assessment of yield advantages, integrated farming system: meaning, scope and different models, crop residue management, crop diversification. Organic farming, its certification and accreditation, sustainable agriculture, natural resources management. 

Introduction, origin, history, production, distribution, cultural practices, plant protection and varieties of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fibre, forage sugar and commercial crops.

Principles of experimental design, correlation and regression analysis. Analysis of variance and co-variance. Statistical Designs used in Agronomical Experiments, transformation of data

AGRONOMY MCQs

​1 What is the test weight of Phalaris minor seed (in grams) ?
  1. 4
  2. 6
  3. 2
  4. 8
Ans: 3

2 Which one of the following gram varities has green colour of mature grains ?
  1. Aparna
  2. Aruna
  3. Arpan
  4. Abhar
Ans: 1

3 High quality malt variety of barley is :-
  1. RD 2849
  2. RD 2508
  3. RD 2502
  4. RD 2503
Ans: 1

4 Sesamum Indicum has chromosome number :-
  1. 32
  2. 64
  3. 26
  4. 42
Ans: 3

5 Maru Bahar is the variety of :-
  1. Urd
  2. Arhar
  3. Moong
  4. Moth
Ans: 4

6 The most favourable light for the growth of crops is :-
  1. Red
  2. Infrared
  3. Blue
  4. Green
Ans: 1

7 What is the meaning of Sod Seeding ?
  1. Minimum tillage
  2. Soil compaction
  3. Soil Puddling
  4. Zero tillage
Ans: 4

8 Which one is not the variety of baby corn ?
  1. Golden
  2. Sangam
  3. Shakti
  4. PAC-792
Ans: 2

9 Which crop has the capacity to fix most of CO2 in the form of organic acid in drought condition ?
  1. soyabean
  2. Gram
  3. Moong
  4. Urd
Ans: 1

10 Calvin cycle occurs in :-
  1. Sudan grass
  2. Pearl millet
  3. Finger millet
  4. Cowpea
Ans: 4

11 Which one of the following is different in its action ?
  1. Hydrated Lime
  2. Chalk
  3. Cycocel
  4. Kaoline
Ans: 3

12 Which one of the following plant has minimum transpiration ratio ?
  1. Maize
  2. Sorghum
  3. Sugarcane
  4. Pineapple
Ans: 4

13 Which one of the following elements does not act as an enzyme activator?
  1. Calcium
  2. Magnesium
  3. Iron
  4. Zinc
Ans: 3

14 The tea yellow disease is caused by the deficiency of ?
  1. Sulphur
  2. Nitrogen
  3. Calcium
  4. Boron
Ans: 1

15 What is the isolation distance of certified seed production in pearl millet ?
  1. 400 metre
  2. 200 metre
  3. 800 metre
  4. 100 metre
Ans: 2

16 The most common plant harmone indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) was first isolated from ?
  1. Human urine
  2. Avena Coleoptile
  3. Fungus Fusarium
  4. Corn germ oil
Ans: 1

17  Which one of the following herbicides inhibit the photosynthesis of the crop ?
  1. 2,4 - D
  2. Propanil
  3. Isoproturon
  4. Glyphosate
Ans: 3

18 In which crop auricles are completely absent ?
  1. Wheat
  2. Barley
  3. Triticale
  4. Oats
Ans: 4

19. Per cent sulphur content in ordinary super phosphate is :-
  1. 12
  2. 21
  3. 09
  4. 15
Ans: 1​

20 which one of he following mode of action of herbicides is different from other ?
  1. Hill reaction
  2. Inhibit protein synthesis
  3. Electron transfer
  4. CO₂ fixation
Ans: 2

21 Allelopathic chemical left in the soil by the roots of :-
  1. Sunflower
  2. Sorghum
  3. Gram
  4. Maize
Ans: 1

22 Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?
  1. Magnesium - Green veins in old
  2. leaves Iron - Green veins in new leaves
  3. Copper - Yellow veins in new leaves
  4. Manganese - Yellow veins in old leaves
Ans: 4

23 Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched ?
  1. Upper Gangetic Plains - Bikaner
  2. Central Plateau and Hills - Churu
  3. Transgangetic Plains - Sri Ganganagar
  4. Southern Plateau and Hills - Alwar
Ans: 3

24 What is the effect of nitrification on soil pH:- (1) Increases  (2) Decreases
  1. Codes 1,2 and 3
  2. Codes 1 and 3
  3. Code 2 only
  4. Codes 1 and 2
Ans: 3

25 Which of these orgamisms involved in denitrification process in soil is not a heterotroph ?
  1. Pseudomonas
  2. Bacillus
  3. Achromobacter
  4. Thiobacillus
Ans: 4

26 Azorhizobium produces stem nodules on :-
  1. Sesbania rostrata
  2. Sesbania grandiflora
  3. Sesbania aculeata
  4. Sesbania quadrata
Ans: 1

27 A healthy plant foliage contains approximately ____ as much sulpher as nitrogen :-
  1. 1/10 th
  2. 1/5 th
  3. 1/2 th
  4. 1/20 th
Ans: 1

28 In alkali soils, the form of phosphorus that predominates is :-
  1. Calcium phosphate
  2. Iron phosphate
  3. Aluminum phosphate
  4. Nitro phosphate
Ans: 1

29 The salt index of urea is :-
  1. 1.61 per unit of N
  2. 2.99 per unit of N
  3. 3.25 per unit of N
  4. 6.00 per unit of N
Ans: 1

30 Which of the following satellites is the example of those orbiting in equatorial plane of the earth ?
  1. SARAL
  2. RISAT -1
  3. KALPANA -1
  4. IRS -1A
Ans: 3
​31 Kharif pulse crop, sometimes also called as vegetable meat is :-
  1. Blackgram
  2. Greengram
  3. Pigeonpea
  4. Cowpea
Ans: 4

32 Castor belongs to the family :-
  1. Solanaceae
  2. Convolvulaceae
  3. Euphorbiaceae
  4. ​Chenopodiaceae
Ans: 3

33 Which of these is a correct pair of International system of units and centimeter-gram-second unit relationship with reference to solar
radiation ?
  1. 697.93 watt/m² = 1 calory/cm²/min.
  2. 797.93 watt/m² = 1 calory/cm²/min.
  3. 897.93 watt/m² = 1 calory/cm²/min.
  4. 997.93 watt/m² = 1 calory/cm²/min.
Ans: 1

34 The analysis component of precision agriculture which provides data storage, retrieval and transformation to spatial data is :-
  1. Global Information System (GIS)
  2. Global Positioning System (GPS)
  3. Decision Support System (DSS)
  4. Variable Rate Technology (VRT)
Ans: 1

35 The part of radiation utilized by plants in respiration is called :-
  1. Metabolic heat
  2. Latent heat
  3. Sensible heat
  4. Soil heat flux
Ans: 1

36 The expression PET = KETₒfor the estimation of potential evapotranspiration from free water evaporation was given by :-
  1. Penman (1948)
  2. Blaney riddle (1950)
  3. Jensen and Haize (1963)
  4. Thornthwaite (1948)
Ans: 1

37 The medium irrigation projects have cultivable command area of :-
  1. 2000-10,000 ha
  2. 10,000-15,000 ha
  3. 15,000-20,000 ha
  4. 20,000-25,000 ha
Ans: 1

38 Find out the depth of irrigation water if one hectare area is irrigated with an average discharge of 25 liters per second for 6 hours :-
  1. 5.4 cm
  2. 6.2 cm
  3. 6.8 cm
  4. 7.2 cm
Ans: 1

39 The loss of water on way between source and point of utilization for irrigation is denoted by :-
  1. Water application efficiency
  2. Water distribution efficiency
  3. Water storage efficiency
  4. Water conveyance efficiency
Ans: 4

40 The mycoherbicide 'De-vine' contains fungal spores of :-
  1. Colletotrichum gloesporiodes
  2. Phytopthora palmivora
  3. Streptomycus hygroscopicus
  4. Bipolaris sorghicola
Ans: 2

41 Oxyfluorfen belongs to the herbicide family ?
  1. Imidazolinones
  2. Substituted aromatic acids
  3. Substituted ureas
  4. Diphenyl ethers
Ans: 4

42 Which of these herbicides produces H2O2  in plants ?
  1. Paraquat
  2. Metsulfuron
  3. Glyphosate
  4. Imazethapyr
Ans: 1

43 A weed that has become an integral part of a crop ecosystem is termed as :-
  1. Facultative weed
  2. Obligate Weed
  3. Satellite weed
  4. Alien weed
Ans: 3

44 Which species of Orobanche has branched stem :-
  1. O. ramosa
  2. O. aegyptica
  3. O. crenata
  4. O. minor
Ans: 1

45 The seed rate (kg/ha) of taramira pure crop is about :-
  1. 2
  2. 5
  3. 8
  4. 10
Ans: 2

46 The optimum temperature for germination of wheat seeds is about :-
  1. 12-16° C
  2. 20-22° C
  3. 25-28° C
  4. 10-12° C
Ans: 2

47 Zea mays indurata is :-
  1. Flint Maize
  2. Dent maize
  3. Sweet maize
  4. Pop corn
Ans: 1

48 In reference to cotton crop, a "count" is :-
  1. No. of hanks of 761 m each weighing 0.453 kg
  2. No. of hanks of 840 m each weighing 1.00 kg
  3. No. of hanks of 900 m each weighing 0.50 kg
  4. No. of hanks of 1000 m each weighing 1.20 kg
Ans: 1

49 Which one of the following varieties of sugarcane is not suitable for ratooning ?
  1. Co-997
  2. Co-1007
  3. Co-8145
  4. Co-419
Ans: 4

50 Kodo millet is :-
  1. Setaria italica
  2. Panicum miliaceum
  3. Paspalum scrobiculatum
  4. Echinochloa frumentacea
Ans: 3

51 Which of the following varieties of groundnut has spreading growth habit ?
  1. JL-24
  2. Pratap mungfali - 1
  3. GG - 2
  4. M - 13
Ans: 4

52 Calculate the sodium adsorption ratio of a soil, if soil analysis revealed that saturated extract contained 20, 10 and 100 meq/liter of Ca⁺², Mg⁺² and Na⁺¹ , respectively :-
  1. 34.8
  2. 31.8
  3. 28.8
  4. 25.8
Ans: 4

53 The result of soil moisture stress due to imbalance between available soil moisture and evoporation of a crop is :-
  1. Agricultural drought
  2. Meteorological drought
  3. Atmospheric drought
  4. Hydrological drought
Ans: 1

54 Recommended nitrogen dose for frenchbean ranges between :-
  1. 50-60 kg/ha
  2. 60-70 kg/ha
  3. 80-90 kg/ha
  4. 110-120 kg/ha
Ans: 4

55 For measuring energy status of soils water, tensiometer works well within narrow moisture range upto :-
  1. 0.8 bars
  2. 1.2 bars
  3. 1.5 bars
  4. 1.8 bars
Ans: 1

56  The moisture retention curve obtained by gradual wetting of an initially dry soil is termed as :-
  1. Cohesion
  2. Adhesion
  3. Desorption
  4. Sorption
Ans: 4

57 What will be the plant population per hectare if cotton is sown at a spacing of 100 cm X 50 cm ?
  1. 15000
  2. 20000
  3. 40000
  4. 50000
Ans: 2

58 Select the correct pair with respect to crop and insect :-
  1. Mustard - grass hopper
  2. Sugarcane - top borer
  3. Cotton - pink borer
  4. Maize - shoot fly
Ans: 2

59 Find out the maize equivalant yield of maize + green gram intercropping system with the given information :-
 (1) Maize yield 30q/ha
(2) Green gram yield 4q/ha
(3) Cost of maize Rs. 44 q/ha 40 q/ha 36 q/ha 32 q/ha
  1. 44 q/ha
  2. 40 q/ha
  3. 36 q/ha
  4. 32 q/ha
Ans: 3

60. The parabolic response curve to describe plant population and yield relationship has been expressed as :-
  1. ​y = Ap + 1/(1+Abp)
  2. y = a + bp + cp²
  3. y = a + bp + c√p
  4. ​1/w = a + bp + cp²
Ans: 2

61 The correct label colour for foundation seed tag is :-
  1. Golden yellow
  2. White
  3. Blue
  4. Opal green
Ans: 2
​62 Which one is not an important use of covariance analysis in agricultural research ?
  1. To control experimental error and to adjust treatment means
  2. To estimate missing data
  3. To aid in interpretation of experimental result
  4. To compute relative range of parameters
Ans: 4

63 The probe unit of neutron moisture meter consist a mixture of :-
  1. Americium & beryllium
  2. Barium & americium
  3. Helium & beryllium
  4. Radium & barium
Ans: 1

64 The highest clouds are :-
  1. Cirrus
  2. Stratus
  3. Cumulus
  4. Cumulo-nimbus
Ans: 1
​
65 1 ha-cm water equals to :-
  1. 1000 liter
  2. 10,000 liter
  3. 1,00,000 liter
  4. 10,00,000 liter
Ans: 3

66 Water potential of atmosphere in a humid weather is about :- -
  1. -100 MPa
  2. -10 MPa
  3. -1 MPa
  4. -0.1 MPa
Ans: 2

67 National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management is situated at :-
  1. Baramati
  2. Gorakhpur
  3. Gurudaspur
  4. Karnal
Ans: 1

68 Censor mechanism of seed dispersal is found in :-
  1. Celosia argentea
  2. Chloris virgata
  3. Crotolaria burhia
  4. Calotropis procera
Ans: 1

69 Which ingradient of safflower oil makes it most suitable for heart patients?
  1. Oxalic acid
  2. Erucic acid
  3. Linoleic acid
  4. Mafenic acid
Ans: 3

70 The concept of multiple cropping index was proposed by :-
  1. Dalrymple
  2. Chuang
  3. Easton
  4. Donald
Ans: 1

71 Which among the following is a multicut variety of sorghum ?
  1. SSG 59-3
  2. Pratap Chari
  3. Rajasthan chari -1
  4. Rajasthan chari -2
Ans: 1

72 What will be the harvest index (%) if maize grain yield is 60 q/ha and stover yield is 140 q/ha ?
  1. 20
  2. 30
  3. 40
  4. 50
Ans: 2

73 Who developed the "System of Rice Intensification" ?
  1. Father Henri de Laulanie
  2. Dr. Norman Uphoff
  3. Father Charles
  4. Dr. Ten Berge
Ans: 1

74 In Plants the majot use of 'Abscisic acid' is :-
  1. Lodging preventer
  2. Dormancy breaker
  3. Plant cell growth regulator
  4. Defoliant
Ans: 4

75 The weed which is commonly known as field bind weed is ?
  1. Sorghum halpense
  2. Convolvulus arvensis
  3. Echnichloa colona
  4. Digitaria sanguinalis
Ans: 2

76 The bubble system of irrigation is preferably suitable for
  1. Closely planted vegetables
  2. Closely planted cereals
  3. Widely spaced fruit crop
  4. Big lawns
Ans: 3

77 Durum wheat variety recommended for irrigated conditions :-
  1. Raj 1555
  2. Raj 3077
  3. Raj 4037
  4. Raj 4083
Ans: 1

78 Lycine and tryphtophane rich variety of maize is :-
  1. HQPM - 1
  2. Ganga - 1
  3. Navjot
  4. HQPM - 10
Ans: 1

79 Farm implement that is not considered as primary tillage implement :-
  1. Indigenous Plough
  2. Mouldboard Plough
  3. Chisel plough
  4. Blade Harrow
Ans: 4

80 Which among the following is the major constituent of atmospheric brown clouds ?
  1. Dust
  2. Fly ash
  3. Nitrates
  4. Sulphate
Ans: 4

81 Which of the following crops has higher water use efficiency ?
  1. Rice
  2. Potato
  3. Wheat
  4. Maize
Ans: 2

82 Which among the following is an organic fertilizer ?
  1. Calcium cyanamide
  2. Ammonium chloride
  3. Calcium ammonium nitrate
  4. Ammonium sulphate
Ans: 1

83 How many days it generally takes to convert urea into nitrate form ?
  1. About 3 days
  2. About 7 days
  3. About 15 days
  4. About 20 days
Ans: 2

84 In the process of nitrogen mineralization, the first step is called :-
  1. Aminization
  2. Nitrification
  3. Ammonification
  4. Immobilization
Ans: 1

85 Which among the following herbicides is known as soybean herbicide ?
  1. Quizalofop - ethyl
  2. Pendimethalin
  3. Alachlor
  4. Metribuzin
Ans: 4

86 What will be the selectivity index of atrazine on maize, if the plants can tolerate it upto 6 kg/ha and the minimum dose to kill weeds is 1 kg/ha ?
  1. 3.5
  2. 6.0
  3. 8.0
  4. 9.0
Ans: 2

87 Land capability class VIII in maps is represented by the colour :-
  1. Green
  2. Brown
  3. Purple
  4. Red
Ans: 3

88 Traditional method of cultivating the land when pond water receds in arid region is :-
  1. Farm pond
  2. Taungya cultivation
  3. Khadin cultivation
  4. Tanka cultivation
Ans: 3

89 Krishnan and Mukhtar singh (1968) classified climate on the basis of moisture deficit index (MDI) into :-
  1. 4 classes
  2. 6 classes
  3. 8 classes
  4. 10 classes
Ans: 3

90 What will be the cropping intensity of a farm if a farmer is growing three crops in a year on a piece of land ?
  1. 100%
  2. 200%
  3. 300%
  4. 400%
Ans: 3
91. Soybean is originated from which country ? 
(A) China
(B) India
(C) Brazil
(D) Mexico
Ans: A

92 Delta in irrigation is measured in which unit ?
A.      cm
B.      Hours
C.      Cusec
D.      Liter/Second/ha.
Ans: A
 
93. Study of desert and dry land management is studied under :-
A.      Ecology
B.      Dry land farming
C.      Xerophic Science
D.      Eremology
Ans: D
 
94 Threshold wind velocity for chemical spray in field crops is :-
A. < 1 km/h
B. < 2 km/h
C. < 3 km/h
D. < 4 km/h
Ans: C
 
95 Mallika is variety of which crop ?
A.      Khejari
B.      Babool
C.      Groundnut
D.      Black gram
Ans: C
 
96 Weed index is calculated as :
A.      [ (crop yield of weed free plot - crop yield of treated plot) / (Crop yield of weed free plot ) ] X 100
B.      [ (crop yield of weed free plot - crop yield of treated plot) / (crop yield of treated plot) ] X 100
C.      [ (Weed dry matter production in treated plot - weed dry matter production in weed free plot) / (Weed dry matter production in treated plot) ]  X 100
D.      [ (Weed dry matter production in treated plot - weed dry matter production in weed free plot) / (weed dry matter production in weed free plot) ]  X 100
Ans: A
 
97. All India severe drought year is declared when spatial coverage of drought is more than :-
A.      20%
B.      40%
C.      60%
D.      80%
Ans: B 
 
98. Celiec disease in human being is caused by :-
A.      Gluten allergy
B.      Tryptophane Allergy
C.      Lycine Allergy
D.      Zein Allergy
Ans: A

99 Which type of corn comes under primitive type ?
A.      Flint corn
B.      Sweet corn
C.      Pod corn
D.      Waxy corn
Ans: C
 
100. Which type of N fertilizers should be avoided in paddy crop ?
A.      Nitrate
B.      Ammonical
C.      Amide
D.      Cynamide
Ans: A

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