MASS COMMUNICATION AND JOURNALISM
MASS COMMUNICATION AND JOURNALISM MCQ-PAGE 2
1. When signs are organised into systems, they will become
(A) Codes (B) Letters
(C) Words (D) Attitudes
Ans: D
2. In a post-modern society, culture is
(A) Regulated
(B) Commodified
(C) Traditional
(D) Non-pluralistic
Ans: B
3. No new information is available in
(A) Dynamic communication
(B) Internal communication
(C) Phatic communication
(D) Conflict communication
Ans: D
4. Redundancy helps in solving the problems associated with
(A) the equipment
(B) the law
(C) the audience
(D) the political system
Ans: B
6. Which was the newspaper that Mahatma Gandhi edited in the year 1919 ?
(A) Indian Opinion
(B) National Herald
(C) Pioneer
(D) Satyagrahi
Ans: C
7. Reaching the maximum number of people at the least possible cost by media is called
(A) Media manipulation
(B) Mediated communication
(C) Media efficiency
(D) Media consistency
Ans: D
8. A variable that creates an alternative explanation of results is identified as
(A) Alternative variable
(B) Artifact
(C) Predictor variable
(D) Antecedent variable
Ans: C
9. Duplicating only the sampling and experimental procedures of a previous analysis is called
(A) Literal replication
(B) Instrumental replication
(C) Constructive replication
(D) Operational replication
Ans: B
10. Life style segmentation research investigates respondent’s
(A) Education
(B) Income
(C) Occupation
(D) Interests
Ans: B
11. A study of a specific population as it changes over a period of time is known as
(A) Demographic analysis
(B) Population analysis
(C) Cohort analysis
(D) Cluster analysis
Ans: A
12. In advertising, a document that describes the target market, budget, creative strategy and objective is known as
(A) Media profile
(B) Strategy document
(C) Media brief
(D) Audit plan
Ans: A
13. When a straight forward proposition is used in advertising, it is called
(A) Emotional approach
(B) Dogmatic approach
(C) Creative approach
(D) Typical approach
Ans: D
14. Specimens of advertisements are kept in
(A) the log book
(B) the sample book
(C) the copy book
(D) the guard book
Ans: B
15. Saatchi and Saatchi is an agency that specialises in
(A) Advertising
(B) Public Relations
(C) Event Management
(D) Opinion Surveys
Ans: A
16. Lobbying is an activity of
(A) Publicists
(B) Propagandists
(C) Public relationists
(D) Media Managers
Ans: C
17. When public relations personnel manage news in the media, it is termed ?
(A) Spin doctoring
(B) News commitment
(C) News control
(D) Perceived necessity
Ans: B
18. The readability test, Fog Index, was developed by
(A) Rudolph Flesch
(B) Robert Gunning
(C) James Reston
(D) Walter Cronkite
Ans: D
19. When words have the emotive potential, they are categorised as
(A) Metanyms
(B) Parawords
(C) Similes
(D) Metaphors
Ans: A
20. Curtain-raiser is part of a/an
(A) Investigative journalism
(B) Interpretative journalism
(C) Advocacy journalism
(D) Counter-media
Ans: D
21. Ballooning is a cartoon contains
(A) Picture
(B) Text
(C) Guidelines
(D) No information
Ans: B
22. Journalism that depends upon computer-assisted analysis of existing information is known as
(A) Database journalism
(B) Offline journalism
(C) CAA journalism
(D) Technical journalism
Ans: A
23. When a camera pans fast to a visual’s blur and steadies into a correct focus at a particular point, it is called
(A) Hand-held camera
(B) Whip pan
(C) Tilting
(D) Panning
Ans: B
(A) Codes (B) Letters
(C) Words (D) Attitudes
Ans: D
2. In a post-modern society, culture is
(A) Regulated
(B) Commodified
(C) Traditional
(D) Non-pluralistic
Ans: B
3. No new information is available in
(A) Dynamic communication
(B) Internal communication
(C) Phatic communication
(D) Conflict communication
Ans: D
4. Redundancy helps in solving the problems associated with
(A) the equipment
(B) the law
(C) the audience
(D) the political system
Ans: B
6. Which was the newspaper that Mahatma Gandhi edited in the year 1919 ?
(A) Indian Opinion
(B) National Herald
(C) Pioneer
(D) Satyagrahi
Ans: C
7. Reaching the maximum number of people at the least possible cost by media is called
(A) Media manipulation
(B) Mediated communication
(C) Media efficiency
(D) Media consistency
Ans: D
8. A variable that creates an alternative explanation of results is identified as
(A) Alternative variable
(B) Artifact
(C) Predictor variable
(D) Antecedent variable
Ans: C
9. Duplicating only the sampling and experimental procedures of a previous analysis is called
(A) Literal replication
(B) Instrumental replication
(C) Constructive replication
(D) Operational replication
Ans: B
10. Life style segmentation research investigates respondent’s
(A) Education
(B) Income
(C) Occupation
(D) Interests
Ans: B
11. A study of a specific population as it changes over a period of time is known as
(A) Demographic analysis
(B) Population analysis
(C) Cohort analysis
(D) Cluster analysis
Ans: A
12. In advertising, a document that describes the target market, budget, creative strategy and objective is known as
(A) Media profile
(B) Strategy document
(C) Media brief
(D) Audit plan
Ans: A
13. When a straight forward proposition is used in advertising, it is called
(A) Emotional approach
(B) Dogmatic approach
(C) Creative approach
(D) Typical approach
Ans: D
14. Specimens of advertisements are kept in
(A) the log book
(B) the sample book
(C) the copy book
(D) the guard book
Ans: B
15. Saatchi and Saatchi is an agency that specialises in
(A) Advertising
(B) Public Relations
(C) Event Management
(D) Opinion Surveys
Ans: A
16. Lobbying is an activity of
(A) Publicists
(B) Propagandists
(C) Public relationists
(D) Media Managers
Ans: C
17. When public relations personnel manage news in the media, it is termed ?
(A) Spin doctoring
(B) News commitment
(C) News control
(D) Perceived necessity
Ans: B
18. The readability test, Fog Index, was developed by
(A) Rudolph Flesch
(B) Robert Gunning
(C) James Reston
(D) Walter Cronkite
Ans: D
19. When words have the emotive potential, they are categorised as
(A) Metanyms
(B) Parawords
(C) Similes
(D) Metaphors
Ans: A
20. Curtain-raiser is part of a/an
(A) Investigative journalism
(B) Interpretative journalism
(C) Advocacy journalism
(D) Counter-media
Ans: D
21. Ballooning is a cartoon contains
(A) Picture
(B) Text
(C) Guidelines
(D) No information
Ans: B
22. Journalism that depends upon computer-assisted analysis of existing information is known as
(A) Database journalism
(B) Offline journalism
(C) CAA journalism
(D) Technical journalism
Ans: A
23. When a camera pans fast to a visual’s blur and steadies into a correct focus at a particular point, it is called
(A) Hand-held camera
(B) Whip pan
(C) Tilting
(D) Panning
Ans: B
24. ‘Taxonomy of News Values’ is written by
(A) Paul Lazarsfeld
(B) David M. White
(C) Stanley Cohen
(D) Galtung and Ruge
Ans: C
25. The first committee on National Communication Policy in India was headed by
(A) R.R. Diwakar
(B) Ram Vilas Paswan
(C) Balaram Jhakhad
(D) Jyothi Basu
Ans: C
26. Assertion (A) : News photographs and Magazine advertisements are mostly indexical and always iconic in nature.
Reason (R) : The categorisation is mostly arbitrary and insignificant in meaning production.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
27. Assertion (A) : In India, any law of privacy should be by enacting statutes in conformity with constitutional limitations.
Reason (R) : The law of torts in India is based on English law.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
28. Assertion (A) : The Union Government can exercise limited control over the volume of circulation of Indian newspapers.
Reason (R) : The control over the volume of newspaper circulation is prima facie an unreasonable restriction on the press freedom.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
29. Assertion (A) : Verbal language and photography are fine examples of representational codes.
Reason (R) : Both of them perform referential functions.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
30. Assertion (A) : Vladimir Propp’s Morphology of Folk Tales is a benchmark study for researchers in traditional media.
Reason (R) : India is rich in traditional media, and as such does not require western inputs much for research.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
31. Assertion (A) : German influences on Bollywood movies are facilitated by technology and black money.
Reason (R) : In India, movie making is a capital-intensive industry and needs strong public sector support.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
32. Assertion (A) : Traditional media in India are mostly mythological due to audience preference.
Reason (R) : Modern mass media are responsible for this as they have made audience prefer traditional media.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
33. Assertion (A) : Lower-case headlines are easier to read than all caps headlines.
Reason (R) : Research has shown that headlines set in all caps are read 12 percent slower than those set in caps and lower case letters.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
34. Identify correct sequence of television communication in India :
(A) Satellite Instructional Television experiment Television Stations started in Bombay and Madras, Television Centre in Delhi, Television colour transmission.
(B) Television Stations started in Bombay and Madras, Television colour transmission, Satellite Instructional Television Experiment, Television Centre in Delhi.
(C) Television Centre in Delhi, Television Stations started in Bombay & Madras, Satellite Instructional & Television experiment television colour transmission.
(D) Satellite Instructional Television Experiment, Television Colour Transmission, Television centre in Delhi, Television Stations
started in Bombay and Madras.
Ans: A
35. Identify correct sequence of government organisation established
(A) National Film Archives of India, Non-Aligned News Pool, Directorate of Field Publicity, Directorate of Film Festivals.
(B) Directorate of Field Publicity, Directorate of Film Festival, Non-Aligned News Pool, National Film Archives of India.
(C) Directorate of Field Publicity, National Film Archives of India, Directorate of Film Festivals, Non-Aligned News Pool.
(D) Directorate of Film Festivals, Non-Aligned News Pool, National Film Archives of India, Directorate of Field Publicity.
Ans: B
36. List the right sequence of the earliest known journals printed in the world from
(A) Egypt, Korea, China, Italy
(B) Korea, Egypt, Italy, China
(C) Italy, Korea, Egypt, China
(D) Italy, China, Egypt, Korea
Ans: A
37. Find out the correct chronological sequence of the following advertising agencies :
(A) O & M, B.B.D.O., Mudra, Lintas
(B) Lintas, Mudra, O & M, B.B.D.O.
(C) B.B.D.O., O & M , Lintas, Mudra
(D) Mudra, B.B.D.O., Lintas, O & M
Ans: A
38. Identify the correct sequence of five functional stages of developmental model for product, person and PR campaign.
(A) Distribution, participation, legitimacy, penetration, identification
(B) Identification, legitimacy, participation, penetration, distribution
(C) Participation, identification, penetration, distribution, legitimacy
(D) Legitimacy, participation, identification, Penetration, distribution
Ans: B
39. Identify right sequence of first Indian language newspaper published
(A) Utkal Dipika, Samachar Darpan, Digdarshan, Sambad Kaumudi
(B) Sambad Kaumudi, Digdarshan, Utkal Dipika, Samachar Darpan
(C) Samachar Darpan, Utkal Dipika, Sambad Kaumudi, Digdarshan
(D) Digdarshan, Samachar Darpan, Sambad Kaumudi, Utkal Dipika
Ans: C
40. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Defamation 1. Trial by media
b. Fair dealing 2. Possession of information against National security
c. Contempt of Court 3. Imputation of illegitimacy
d. Official secret 4. Motive behind making comments
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 1 4 2 3
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 4 1 3 2
(D) 2 3 4 1
Ans: A
41. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. B.G. Verghese 1. SITE
b. Rajendra Singh 2. Micro-finance
c. Mohammed Yunus 3. Aravale
d. Indira Gandhi 4. Project Chattera
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 4 2 1 3
(B) 4 2 3 1
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 4 1 3 2
Ans: D
42. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Harold D. Lasswell 1. Linear model of communication
b. Shannon & Weaver 2. Two-step flow of communication
c. Ruge & Galtung 3. Political communication
d. Elihu Katz 4. Selective gate Keeping
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 4 2 3 1
(B) 3 1 4 2
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 3 2 1 4
Ans: C
(A) Paul Lazarsfeld
(B) David M. White
(C) Stanley Cohen
(D) Galtung and Ruge
Ans: C
25. The first committee on National Communication Policy in India was headed by
(A) R.R. Diwakar
(B) Ram Vilas Paswan
(C) Balaram Jhakhad
(D) Jyothi Basu
Ans: C
26. Assertion (A) : News photographs and Magazine advertisements are mostly indexical and always iconic in nature.
Reason (R) : The categorisation is mostly arbitrary and insignificant in meaning production.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
27. Assertion (A) : In India, any law of privacy should be by enacting statutes in conformity with constitutional limitations.
Reason (R) : The law of torts in India is based on English law.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
28. Assertion (A) : The Union Government can exercise limited control over the volume of circulation of Indian newspapers.
Reason (R) : The control over the volume of newspaper circulation is prima facie an unreasonable restriction on the press freedom.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
29. Assertion (A) : Verbal language and photography are fine examples of representational codes.
Reason (R) : Both of them perform referential functions.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
30. Assertion (A) : Vladimir Propp’s Morphology of Folk Tales is a benchmark study for researchers in traditional media.
Reason (R) : India is rich in traditional media, and as such does not require western inputs much for research.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
31. Assertion (A) : German influences on Bollywood movies are facilitated by technology and black money.
Reason (R) : In India, movie making is a capital-intensive industry and needs strong public sector support.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: D
32. Assertion (A) : Traditional media in India are mostly mythological due to audience preference.
Reason (R) : Modern mass media are responsible for this as they have made audience prefer traditional media.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: A
33. Assertion (A) : Lower-case headlines are easier to read than all caps headlines.
Reason (R) : Research has shown that headlines set in all caps are read 12 percent slower than those set in caps and lower case letters.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C
34. Identify correct sequence of television communication in India :
(A) Satellite Instructional Television experiment Television Stations started in Bombay and Madras, Television Centre in Delhi, Television colour transmission.
(B) Television Stations started in Bombay and Madras, Television colour transmission, Satellite Instructional Television Experiment, Television Centre in Delhi.
(C) Television Centre in Delhi, Television Stations started in Bombay & Madras, Satellite Instructional & Television experiment television colour transmission.
(D) Satellite Instructional Television Experiment, Television Colour Transmission, Television centre in Delhi, Television Stations
started in Bombay and Madras.
Ans: A
35. Identify correct sequence of government organisation established
(A) National Film Archives of India, Non-Aligned News Pool, Directorate of Field Publicity, Directorate of Film Festivals.
(B) Directorate of Field Publicity, Directorate of Film Festival, Non-Aligned News Pool, National Film Archives of India.
(C) Directorate of Field Publicity, National Film Archives of India, Directorate of Film Festivals, Non-Aligned News Pool.
(D) Directorate of Film Festivals, Non-Aligned News Pool, National Film Archives of India, Directorate of Field Publicity.
Ans: B
36. List the right sequence of the earliest known journals printed in the world from
(A) Egypt, Korea, China, Italy
(B) Korea, Egypt, Italy, China
(C) Italy, Korea, Egypt, China
(D) Italy, China, Egypt, Korea
Ans: A
37. Find out the correct chronological sequence of the following advertising agencies :
(A) O & M, B.B.D.O., Mudra, Lintas
(B) Lintas, Mudra, O & M, B.B.D.O.
(C) B.B.D.O., O & M , Lintas, Mudra
(D) Mudra, B.B.D.O., Lintas, O & M
Ans: A
38. Identify the correct sequence of five functional stages of developmental model for product, person and PR campaign.
(A) Distribution, participation, legitimacy, penetration, identification
(B) Identification, legitimacy, participation, penetration, distribution
(C) Participation, identification, penetration, distribution, legitimacy
(D) Legitimacy, participation, identification, Penetration, distribution
Ans: B
39. Identify right sequence of first Indian language newspaper published
(A) Utkal Dipika, Samachar Darpan, Digdarshan, Sambad Kaumudi
(B) Sambad Kaumudi, Digdarshan, Utkal Dipika, Samachar Darpan
(C) Samachar Darpan, Utkal Dipika, Sambad Kaumudi, Digdarshan
(D) Digdarshan, Samachar Darpan, Sambad Kaumudi, Utkal Dipika
Ans: C
40. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Defamation 1. Trial by media
b. Fair dealing 2. Possession of information against National security
c. Contempt of Court 3. Imputation of illegitimacy
d. Official secret 4. Motive behind making comments
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 1 4 2 3
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 4 1 3 2
(D) 2 3 4 1
Ans: A
41. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. B.G. Verghese 1. SITE
b. Rajendra Singh 2. Micro-finance
c. Mohammed Yunus 3. Aravale
d. Indira Gandhi 4. Project Chattera
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 4 2 1 3
(B) 4 2 3 1
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 4 1 3 2
Ans: D
42. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Harold D. Lasswell 1. Linear model of communication
b. Shannon & Weaver 2. Two-step flow of communication
c. Ruge & Galtung 3. Political communication
d. Elihu Katz 4. Selective gate Keeping
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 4 2 3 1
(B) 3 1 4 2
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 3 2 1 4
Ans: C
43. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Construct 1. Scientific method
b. Positivism 2. Operational definition
c. Measurement 3. Logical reasoning
d. Empiricism 4. Intermediate level
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 2 3 1 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 2 3 4 1
(D) 2 4 3 1
Ans: A
44. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Age 1. Survey
b. Co-variation 2. Independent variable
c. Coding 3. Causation
d. Schedule 4. Content analysis
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 1 2 3 4
(C) 3 4 1 2
(D) 4 2 3 1
Ans: D
45. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Sex 1. More than one sound heard at the same time
b. Fading on 2. Sound effects
c. Segue 3. Performer moves towards microphones
d. Blend 4. Smooth transitions from one sound to another
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 3 2 1 4
(B) 1 4 3 2
(C) 2 3 4 1
(D) 4 1 2 3
Ans: B
Read the following passage and answer Question Nos. 46 to 50 :
Critics refer the cultural imperialism as cultural domination. John Tomlinson has emphasized that imperialism groups specific form of domination. In case of cultural imperialism in the third world, it points out towards the links between present domination and colonial past. The term is ambiguous between a set of economic and political meanings. To maintain specificity one must choose the term cultural imperialism as a pattern of inherited colonial attitudes and practices or as the practices and effects of on going system of economic relations within global capitalism. There are other ways of speaking about cultural imperialism as media imperialism as a discourse of global capitalism and as a critique of modernity. With reference to media imperialism, cultural imperialism places media at the centre of things. Many a times writers consider cultural imperialism and media imperialism as synonyms. On one hand mass media are constantly and rapidly expanding in terms of technical power, penetration coverage and representation of both public and private life in the west. Here media is considered as central cultural reference point of modern western capitalism. If so is the case cultural imperialism is a dominance of one’s culture’s media over another or as global spread of “mass mediated culture”. Further cultural imperialism poses a threat to national cultural identity. In dealing with this discourse of national cultures, we must think of the various levels of locality. Cultural imperialism is also considered critique of global capitalism and capitalism is an homogenizing cultural force. The perception here is that everywhere in the world is beginning to look and feel the same. Cities in any part of the world display uniform features. Further the spread of capitalism is the spread of culture of consumerism. The discourse of cultural imperialism which takes capitalism as its target needs to be connected with that which addresses the discontent of modernity itself. Cultural imperialism is not only effecting individuals but the world
itself. Modernity refers to main cultural direction of global development. Modernity and development though by no means necessarily linked as concepts, have become closely identified. This question is that what is the way of responding to the ambiguous cultural conditions of modernity.
46. What is cultural imperialism ?
(A) Study of cultures
(B) Negatively marked notions of power.
(C) Inherited attitudes and practices from past
(D) Forced ways of thinking exercised by notions.
Ans: A
47. What does media imperialism refer to ?
(A) Media’s role in reflecting cultures
(B) As inseparable concepts
(C) Media as a centre of reference point
(D) Media and cultural imperialism as two separate aspects
Ans: A
48. How does cultural imperialism poses a threat to nationality ?
(A) By invading the foreign cultures.
(B) By dominating specific cultures.
(C) By being functional in eroding local cultures.
(D) All the three mentioned above
Ans: C
49. How does cultural imperialism act as a critique of global capitalism ?
(A) Consumer culture is imposed on developing societies.
(B) Culture of capitalism is incapable of providing meaningful and satisfying cultural experiences.
(C) Process of cultural imperialism, have functional role to play in the spread of capitalism
(D) Capitalism implies a cultural totality of economic / social / political and social aspects.
Ans: B
50. How does modernity refer to the main cultural direction of global development ?
(A) By projecting ‘particular ways of life’ dominatingly.
(B) By homogenization of cultural diversity
(C) By relating the idea of modernity to that of capitalist society.
(D) By the way of projecting as destination of all cultural development.
Ans: C
List – I List – II
a. Construct 1. Scientific method
b. Positivism 2. Operational definition
c. Measurement 3. Logical reasoning
d. Empiricism 4. Intermediate level
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 2 3 1 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 2 3 4 1
(D) 2 4 3 1
Ans: A
44. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Age 1. Survey
b. Co-variation 2. Independent variable
c. Coding 3. Causation
d. Schedule 4. Content analysis
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 1 2 3 4
(C) 3 4 1 2
(D) 4 2 3 1
Ans: D
45. Match List – I with List – II :
List – I List – II
a. Sex 1. More than one sound heard at the same time
b. Fading on 2. Sound effects
c. Segue 3. Performer moves towards microphones
d. Blend 4. Smooth transitions from one sound to another
Codes :
a b c d
(A) 3 2 1 4
(B) 1 4 3 2
(C) 2 3 4 1
(D) 4 1 2 3
Ans: B
Read the following passage and answer Question Nos. 46 to 50 :
Critics refer the cultural imperialism as cultural domination. John Tomlinson has emphasized that imperialism groups specific form of domination. In case of cultural imperialism in the third world, it points out towards the links between present domination and colonial past. The term is ambiguous between a set of economic and political meanings. To maintain specificity one must choose the term cultural imperialism as a pattern of inherited colonial attitudes and practices or as the practices and effects of on going system of economic relations within global capitalism. There are other ways of speaking about cultural imperialism as media imperialism as a discourse of global capitalism and as a critique of modernity. With reference to media imperialism, cultural imperialism places media at the centre of things. Many a times writers consider cultural imperialism and media imperialism as synonyms. On one hand mass media are constantly and rapidly expanding in terms of technical power, penetration coverage and representation of both public and private life in the west. Here media is considered as central cultural reference point of modern western capitalism. If so is the case cultural imperialism is a dominance of one’s culture’s media over another or as global spread of “mass mediated culture”. Further cultural imperialism poses a threat to national cultural identity. In dealing with this discourse of national cultures, we must think of the various levels of locality. Cultural imperialism is also considered critique of global capitalism and capitalism is an homogenizing cultural force. The perception here is that everywhere in the world is beginning to look and feel the same. Cities in any part of the world display uniform features. Further the spread of capitalism is the spread of culture of consumerism. The discourse of cultural imperialism which takes capitalism as its target needs to be connected with that which addresses the discontent of modernity itself. Cultural imperialism is not only effecting individuals but the world
itself. Modernity refers to main cultural direction of global development. Modernity and development though by no means necessarily linked as concepts, have become closely identified. This question is that what is the way of responding to the ambiguous cultural conditions of modernity.
46. What is cultural imperialism ?
(A) Study of cultures
(B) Negatively marked notions of power.
(C) Inherited attitudes and practices from past
(D) Forced ways of thinking exercised by notions.
Ans: A
47. What does media imperialism refer to ?
(A) Media’s role in reflecting cultures
(B) As inseparable concepts
(C) Media as a centre of reference point
(D) Media and cultural imperialism as two separate aspects
Ans: A
48. How does cultural imperialism poses a threat to nationality ?
(A) By invading the foreign cultures.
(B) By dominating specific cultures.
(C) By being functional in eroding local cultures.
(D) All the three mentioned above
Ans: C
49. How does cultural imperialism act as a critique of global capitalism ?
(A) Consumer culture is imposed on developing societies.
(B) Culture of capitalism is incapable of providing meaningful and satisfying cultural experiences.
(C) Process of cultural imperialism, have functional role to play in the spread of capitalism
(D) Capitalism implies a cultural totality of economic / social / political and social aspects.
Ans: B
50. How does modernity refer to the main cultural direction of global development ?
(A) By projecting ‘particular ways of life’ dominatingly.
(B) By homogenization of cultural diversity
(C) By relating the idea of modernity to that of capitalist society.
(D) By the way of projecting as destination of all cultural development.
Ans: C
51. Robert Gunning’s readability formula attempts to identify the level of ______ in a piece of text.
(1) Fog (2) Excellence (3) Codification (4) Abstraction
Ans: 1
Read the following passage and answer questions from 52 to 56:
Brands have been around since ancient times. In 3000 BC, in Ancient Egypt, symbols were used to identify the bricks leading to pharaoh tombs; in 2000 BC, in ancient Palestine, signs were employed to distinguish pottery. The word brand comes from the Old Norse word brandr (North Germanic language of the Scandinavian peoples prior to 1350 AD) which means ‘to burn’ or, more specifically, to mark livestock. According to a widely accepted definition, a brand is a name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of these elements intended to identify and differentiate a product in the minds of concerned subjects. According to this definition, there are four ingredients which characterize a brand. Firstly, a brand consists of names, symbols, designs, or any other feature, which constitute its brand elements. These brand elements refer to the logotype, packaging and other tangible constituent parts of a product. Secondly, brands identify and differentiate a branded product, both roles being the fundamental functions of a brand. A brand identifies the goods and services of a seller and attests the product’s source. Identification is objective; it relies only on the capacity of names, symbols, designs and any other external cue to describe or insinuate where the offering comes from. Other than the purpose of identification, a brand differentiates the seller’s offering from that of competitors. Contrary to identification, differentiation is subjective and depends on consumers’ perceptions, attitudes and behaviour towards the brand. Differentiation does not occur just because the name or logotype on a product is distinct from that of competitors; differentiation implies that consumers perceive differences among brands in a product category. Therefore, it is possible that a brand name or logotype identifies a product but does not differentiate it from competitors. For example, brand name mentions product categories such as writing pads, rubbers, felt tip pens, markers and photocopy paper, where brands, despite having distinctive brand elements, do not differentiate. Hence, brand elements per se do not differentiate. In short, both functions are necessary and only when a brand identifies and differentiates a product is it possible to talk about a branded product. Thirdly, brands involve products. Products, in a wide sense, refer not only to physical goods and services, but also to experiences, retailers and distributors, events, people, geographical locations, properties, organizations, information and ideas. Hence, almost everything can be branded, as some well-known branding cases confirm. For example, a number of physical goods, once considered commodities, have been successfully branded in recent years. Also ‘products’ such as sports, political candidates and religions are actively branded today. Lastly, a brand’s identification and differentiation functions occur in the minds of the subjects concerned. A brand is thus ultimately something that resides in the subject’s memory.
52. What is the intended use of a brand ?
(1) To burn every product (2) To purchase livestock (3) To employ distinguished potters (4) To differentiate the product in the minds of consumers
Ans: 4
53. What purpose does the brand serve ?
(1) To identify the product’s source (2) To create more brands in the market. (3) To increase more marketing channels. (4) To give good names to products.
Ans: 1
54. What can brands do other than identification ?
(1) They offer free gifts. (2) They are an attractive logotypes. (3) They solicit frequent sellers. (4) They differentiate the selling price of one brand to another.
Ans: 4
55. What is the advantage of a brand ?
(1) Provides information and ideas. (2) Provides disinformation about a product. (3) Encourages relationship between sellers and retailers. (4) Prompts impulsive buying.
Ans: 1
56. What is the ultimate purpose of a brand ?
(1) It resides in subject’s memory. (2) It encourages creative ideas. (3) It decides the future of political candidates. (4) It drives people into depression.
Ans: 1
(1) Fog (2) Excellence (3) Codification (4) Abstraction
Ans: 1
Read the following passage and answer questions from 52 to 56:
Brands have been around since ancient times. In 3000 BC, in Ancient Egypt, symbols were used to identify the bricks leading to pharaoh tombs; in 2000 BC, in ancient Palestine, signs were employed to distinguish pottery. The word brand comes from the Old Norse word brandr (North Germanic language of the Scandinavian peoples prior to 1350 AD) which means ‘to burn’ or, more specifically, to mark livestock. According to a widely accepted definition, a brand is a name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of these elements intended to identify and differentiate a product in the minds of concerned subjects. According to this definition, there are four ingredients which characterize a brand. Firstly, a brand consists of names, symbols, designs, or any other feature, which constitute its brand elements. These brand elements refer to the logotype, packaging and other tangible constituent parts of a product. Secondly, brands identify and differentiate a branded product, both roles being the fundamental functions of a brand. A brand identifies the goods and services of a seller and attests the product’s source. Identification is objective; it relies only on the capacity of names, symbols, designs and any other external cue to describe or insinuate where the offering comes from. Other than the purpose of identification, a brand differentiates the seller’s offering from that of competitors. Contrary to identification, differentiation is subjective and depends on consumers’ perceptions, attitudes and behaviour towards the brand. Differentiation does not occur just because the name or logotype on a product is distinct from that of competitors; differentiation implies that consumers perceive differences among brands in a product category. Therefore, it is possible that a brand name or logotype identifies a product but does not differentiate it from competitors. For example, brand name mentions product categories such as writing pads, rubbers, felt tip pens, markers and photocopy paper, where brands, despite having distinctive brand elements, do not differentiate. Hence, brand elements per se do not differentiate. In short, both functions are necessary and only when a brand identifies and differentiates a product is it possible to talk about a branded product. Thirdly, brands involve products. Products, in a wide sense, refer not only to physical goods and services, but also to experiences, retailers and distributors, events, people, geographical locations, properties, organizations, information and ideas. Hence, almost everything can be branded, as some well-known branding cases confirm. For example, a number of physical goods, once considered commodities, have been successfully branded in recent years. Also ‘products’ such as sports, political candidates and religions are actively branded today. Lastly, a brand’s identification and differentiation functions occur in the minds of the subjects concerned. A brand is thus ultimately something that resides in the subject’s memory.
52. What is the intended use of a brand ?
(1) To burn every product (2) To purchase livestock (3) To employ distinguished potters (4) To differentiate the product in the minds of consumers
Ans: 4
53. What purpose does the brand serve ?
(1) To identify the product’s source (2) To create more brands in the market. (3) To increase more marketing channels. (4) To give good names to products.
Ans: 1
54. What can brands do other than identification ?
(1) They offer free gifts. (2) They are an attractive logotypes. (3) They solicit frequent sellers. (4) They differentiate the selling price of one brand to another.
Ans: 4
55. What is the advantage of a brand ?
(1) Provides information and ideas. (2) Provides disinformation about a product. (3) Encourages relationship between sellers and retailers. (4) Prompts impulsive buying.
Ans: 1
56. What is the ultimate purpose of a brand ?
(1) It resides in subject’s memory. (2) It encourages creative ideas. (3) It decides the future of political candidates. (4) It drives people into depression.
Ans: 1
57. Identify the chronological sequence of following AIR broadcasts :
(1) Vividh Bharathi, School broadcasts, External services, Rural broadcasts
(2) School broadcasts, Rural broadcasts, Vividh Bharathi, External services
(3) External services, Vividh Bharathi, Rural broadcasts, School broadcasts
(4) Rural broadcasts, External services, School broadcasts, Vividh Bharathi
Ans: 4
58. Identify the correct sequence of the following codes :
(1) Hays Code, Fairness Doctrine, Code of Athens, ASCI Code
(2) ASCI Code, Hays Code, Fairness Doctrine, Code of Athens
(3) Fairness Doctrine, Code of Athens, ASCI Code, Hays Code
(4) Code of Athens, ASCI Code, Hays Code, Fairness Doctrine
Ans: 1
59. Identify the correct sequence of feminist media perception advocates :
(1) Margaret Gallagher, A.N. Valdivia, G. Tuchman, Betty Friedan
(2) A.N. Valdivia, G. Tuchman, Betty Friedan, Margaret Gallagher
(3) G. Tuchman, Betty Friedan, Margaret Gallagher, A.N. Valdivia
(4) Betty Friedan, G. Tuchman, Margaret Gallagher, A.N. Valdivia
Ans: 4
60. Identify the correct sequence of following news agencies that operated in India :
(1) Free Press, Reuters, Associated Press of India, United Press of India
(2) Reuters, Associated Press of India, Free Press, United Press of India
(3) Associated Press of India, United Press of India, Reuters, Free Press
(4) United Press of India, Reuters, Associated Press of India, Free Press
Ans: 2
61. Write the correct chronological order of the following social media platforms :
(1) Linkedin, facebook, youtube, twitter
(2) facebook, youtube, twitter, Linkedin
(3) youtube, twitter, Linkedin, facebook
(4) twitter, Linkedin, facebook, youtube
Ans: 1
(1) Vividh Bharathi, School broadcasts, External services, Rural broadcasts
(2) School broadcasts, Rural broadcasts, Vividh Bharathi, External services
(3) External services, Vividh Bharathi, Rural broadcasts, School broadcasts
(4) Rural broadcasts, External services, School broadcasts, Vividh Bharathi
Ans: 4
58. Identify the correct sequence of the following codes :
(1) Hays Code, Fairness Doctrine, Code of Athens, ASCI Code
(2) ASCI Code, Hays Code, Fairness Doctrine, Code of Athens
(3) Fairness Doctrine, Code of Athens, ASCI Code, Hays Code
(4) Code of Athens, ASCI Code, Hays Code, Fairness Doctrine
Ans: 1
59. Identify the correct sequence of feminist media perception advocates :
(1) Margaret Gallagher, A.N. Valdivia, G. Tuchman, Betty Friedan
(2) A.N. Valdivia, G. Tuchman, Betty Friedan, Margaret Gallagher
(3) G. Tuchman, Betty Friedan, Margaret Gallagher, A.N. Valdivia
(4) Betty Friedan, G. Tuchman, Margaret Gallagher, A.N. Valdivia
Ans: 4
60. Identify the correct sequence of following news agencies that operated in India :
(1) Free Press, Reuters, Associated Press of India, United Press of India
(2) Reuters, Associated Press of India, Free Press, United Press of India
(3) Associated Press of India, United Press of India, Reuters, Free Press
(4) United Press of India, Reuters, Associated Press of India, Free Press
Ans: 2
61. Write the correct chronological order of the following social media platforms :
(1) Linkedin, facebook, youtube, twitter
(2) facebook, youtube, twitter, Linkedin
(3) youtube, twitter, Linkedin, facebook
(4) twitter, Linkedin, facebook, youtube
Ans: 1
62. Who is the author of ‘Saving the Media’ ?
(1) Anil Dharkar (2) Julia Cage (3) Desmond Titu (4) Olivier Blanchard
Ans: 2
63. John Fiske considers speech as a
(1) non-contiguous code (2) social code (3) unreal code (4) disabling code
Ans: 2
64. Truth of the statement is not a defence against
(1) defamation (2) breach of privilege (3) official secret violation (4) contempt of court
Ans: 4
65. Examination of professionalism is derived from the public’s right to ____
(1) know (2) liberty
(3) education (4) legal remedies
Ans: 1
66. The technique of propaganda is used in international communication to manipulate _____
(1) Lifestyles (2) Pricing
(3) Trade flow (4) Cognitions
Ans: 4
67. The protagonist of cultural imperialism theory was
(1) D.R. Mankekar (2) William Hachten
(3) Dennis Morris (4) Everett Dennis
Ans: 1
68. Name the influential scholar who applied liberation theology to educaiton and communication in development context.
(1) Paolo Freire (2) Dennis Goulet
(3) E.F. Schumacher (4) Alan Inkeles
Ans: 1
69. The notion of multiplicity of paradigm is elaborated by
(1) Majid Tehranian (2) Denis McQuail
(3) Thomas L. Jacobson (4) Jan Servaes
Ans: 4
70. The dependency theory has identified obstacles to development as
(1) internal (2) external
(3) neutral (4) traditional
Ans: 2
71. A systematically-qualitative data set is amenable to ______ analysis.
(1) non-progressive (2) entropical
(3) grounded theory (4) contrived
Ans: 3
(1) Anil Dharkar (2) Julia Cage (3) Desmond Titu (4) Olivier Blanchard
Ans: 2
63. John Fiske considers speech as a
(1) non-contiguous code (2) social code (3) unreal code (4) disabling code
Ans: 2
64. Truth of the statement is not a defence against
(1) defamation (2) breach of privilege (3) official secret violation (4) contempt of court
Ans: 4
65. Examination of professionalism is derived from the public’s right to ____
(1) know (2) liberty
(3) education (4) legal remedies
Ans: 1
66. The technique of propaganda is used in international communication to manipulate _____
(1) Lifestyles (2) Pricing
(3) Trade flow (4) Cognitions
Ans: 4
67. The protagonist of cultural imperialism theory was
(1) D.R. Mankekar (2) William Hachten
(3) Dennis Morris (4) Everett Dennis
Ans: 1
68. Name the influential scholar who applied liberation theology to educaiton and communication in development context.
(1) Paolo Freire (2) Dennis Goulet
(3) E.F. Schumacher (4) Alan Inkeles
Ans: 1
69. The notion of multiplicity of paradigm is elaborated by
(1) Majid Tehranian (2) Denis McQuail
(3) Thomas L. Jacobson (4) Jan Servaes
Ans: 4
70. The dependency theory has identified obstacles to development as
(1) internal (2) external
(3) neutral (4) traditional
Ans: 2
71. A systematically-qualitative data set is amenable to ______ analysis.
(1) non-progressive (2) entropical
(3) grounded theory (4) contrived
Ans: 3
72. The normal distribution shape of standard deviations from the mean is sometimes referred to as
(1) error distribution (2) value table
(3) property range (4) bell curve
Ans: 4
73. Placing a unit of analysis into a content category is called _____
(1) Decoding (2) Coding
(3) Messaging (4) Texting
Ans: 2
74. Heliodisplay refers to
(1) Photographs (2) Cell phones
(3) TV monitors (4) Films
Ans: 2
75. Fairness doctrine is related to
(1) political advertising (2) corrective advertising
(3) non-corrective advertising (4) non-business advertising
Ans: 2
76. Grapevine communication is part of _____
(1) advertising (2) communication ethics
(3) religious communication (4) public relations
Ans: 4
77. The publicity model of mass communication focuses on
(1) negative opinions (2) ideation
(3) attention (4) criticism
Ans: 3
78. In 1999, the Indian government permitted foreign equity in film production to the tune of
(1) 40 per cent (2) 60 per cent
(3) 80 per cent (4) 100 per cent
Ans: 4
79. Two networks are inter-connected by using the same technology with a
(1) link (2) bridge (3) bond (4) gate
Ans: 2
80. The World Association of Community Radio Broadcasters was launched in
(1) Brazil (2) Sri Lanka (3) Canada (4) Argentina
Ans: 3
81. Television viewing is considered as
(1) a business process (2) a negative process (3) an active process (4) a formal process
Ans: 3
82. Find out the correct chronological order of the following committees :
(1) Chanda Committee – Vidyalankar Committee – Parthasarathy Committee – Verghese Committee
(2) Verghese Committee – Vidyalankar Committee – Chanda Committee – Verghese Committee
(3) Parthasarathy Committee – Chanda Committee – Vidyalankar Committee – Verghese Committee
(4) Vidyalankar Committee – Chanda Committee – Verghese Committee – Parthasarathy Committee
Ans: 4
83. Identify the correct sequence of stages of growth as propounded by Walt Rostow :
(1) Traditional society, drive to maturity, pre-conditions for take-off, take-off, age of mass consumption.
(2) Traditional society, age of mass consumption, take-off, pre-conditions for take-off, drive to maturity.
(3) Traditional society, take-off, pre-conditions for take-off, drive to maturity, age of mass consumption.
(4) Traditional society, pre-conditions for take-off, take-off, drive to maturity, age of mass consumption.
Ans: 4
84. Find the correct chronological order of the following :
(1) The Official Secrets Act – The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Press Council of India Act – The Right to Information Act.
(2) The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Official Secrets Act – The Press Council of India Act – The Right to Information Act.
(3) The Official Secrets Act – The Press Council of India Act – The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Right to Information Act.
(4) The Official Secrets Act – The Right to Information Act – The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Press Council of India Act.
Ans: 1
85. Write the correct chronological order for the development of Internet.
(1) RAND, ARPA, TCP/IP, Hypertext, WWW
(2) ARPA, TCP/IP, RAND, Hypertext, WWW
(3) TCP/IP, Hypertext, WWW, ARPA, RAND
(4) Hypertext, WWW, TCP/IP, ARPA, RAND
Ans: 1
86. Arrange the stages a brand passes through from its birth to its final eclipse :
(1) Maturity, Growth, Introduction, Decline
(2) Decline, Growth, Introduction, Maturity
(3) Growth, Maturity, Introduction, Decline
(4) Introduction, Maturity, Growth, Decline
Ans: 1
(1) error distribution (2) value table
(3) property range (4) bell curve
Ans: 4
73. Placing a unit of analysis into a content category is called _____
(1) Decoding (2) Coding
(3) Messaging (4) Texting
Ans: 2
74. Heliodisplay refers to
(1) Photographs (2) Cell phones
(3) TV monitors (4) Films
Ans: 2
75. Fairness doctrine is related to
(1) political advertising (2) corrective advertising
(3) non-corrective advertising (4) non-business advertising
Ans: 2
76. Grapevine communication is part of _____
(1) advertising (2) communication ethics
(3) religious communication (4) public relations
Ans: 4
77. The publicity model of mass communication focuses on
(1) negative opinions (2) ideation
(3) attention (4) criticism
Ans: 3
78. In 1999, the Indian government permitted foreign equity in film production to the tune of
(1) 40 per cent (2) 60 per cent
(3) 80 per cent (4) 100 per cent
Ans: 4
79. Two networks are inter-connected by using the same technology with a
(1) link (2) bridge (3) bond (4) gate
Ans: 2
80. The World Association of Community Radio Broadcasters was launched in
(1) Brazil (2) Sri Lanka (3) Canada (4) Argentina
Ans: 3
81. Television viewing is considered as
(1) a business process (2) a negative process (3) an active process (4) a formal process
Ans: 3
82. Find out the correct chronological order of the following committees :
(1) Chanda Committee – Vidyalankar Committee – Parthasarathy Committee – Verghese Committee
(2) Verghese Committee – Vidyalankar Committee – Chanda Committee – Verghese Committee
(3) Parthasarathy Committee – Chanda Committee – Vidyalankar Committee – Verghese Committee
(4) Vidyalankar Committee – Chanda Committee – Verghese Committee – Parthasarathy Committee
Ans: 4
83. Identify the correct sequence of stages of growth as propounded by Walt Rostow :
(1) Traditional society, drive to maturity, pre-conditions for take-off, take-off, age of mass consumption.
(2) Traditional society, age of mass consumption, take-off, pre-conditions for take-off, drive to maturity.
(3) Traditional society, take-off, pre-conditions for take-off, drive to maturity, age of mass consumption.
(4) Traditional society, pre-conditions for take-off, take-off, drive to maturity, age of mass consumption.
Ans: 4
84. Find the correct chronological order of the following :
(1) The Official Secrets Act – The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Press Council of India Act – The Right to Information Act.
(2) The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Official Secrets Act – The Press Council of India Act – The Right to Information Act.
(3) The Official Secrets Act – The Press Council of India Act – The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Right to Information Act.
(4) The Official Secrets Act – The Right to Information Act – The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act – The Press Council of India Act.
Ans: 1
85. Write the correct chronological order for the development of Internet.
(1) RAND, ARPA, TCP/IP, Hypertext, WWW
(2) ARPA, TCP/IP, RAND, Hypertext, WWW
(3) TCP/IP, Hypertext, WWW, ARPA, RAND
(4) Hypertext, WWW, TCP/IP, ARPA, RAND
Ans: 1
86. Arrange the stages a brand passes through from its birth to its final eclipse :
(1) Maturity, Growth, Introduction, Decline
(2) Decline, Growth, Introduction, Maturity
(3) Growth, Maturity, Introduction, Decline
(4) Introduction, Maturity, Growth, Decline
Ans: 1
Read the following passage and answer the questions no. from 87 to 91 :
New technologies, political upheavals, changed concepts of human rights – all these conspire to make this an important moment for rethinking and reformulating speech freedom and regulation in a global environment. The ability of any state fully to control the images that permeate its territory is questioned everywhere. During the 1990s, destiny seemed to lie with the freedom to receive and impart ideas regardless of national boundaries. But it would be naive to see the world as a place where information moves without various forms of restriction. Redefined state power and changes in modes and practices of authority are more likely than what is often characterized as state decline. States have undergone a frenzied testing of new and modified techniques aimed at regulating, if not mastering, the market for speech in response to the forces that seem to undercut their autonomy. In particular, there is a shift away from the singularly inward forms of state control to outward-looking, regional, or multilateral approaches, and away from law and regulation toward negotiation and agreement. The tentacles of influence by one state over the media of another are hardly new, but the process of interaction, through treaty or agreement on the flow of ideas, information, and sheer data, is everyday, intensifying. Globalization of media encompasses more than the pervasive activities of big conglomerates and the extent to which messages they produce dominate the world’s consciousness. The global media market is far more enveloping than a forum for trade in films and television programmes. It is also an increasingly interdependent site for the development and application of formal and informal rules that shape common narratives, a space in which ideologies compete and forge allegiances that ultimately determine the persistence of governments and nations themselves, and an arena where imagery becomes a supplement or substitute for force. Pressure to affect policy formulation and public opinion abroad has always been a preoccupation of those holding or seeking power as governments attempt to influence populations through propaganda, both inside and beyond their boundaries. With the stakes greatly raised since September 11, 2001, governments, more explicit, now, about the interplay between conflict, instability, ideology, recognize their need to affect hearts and minds abroad.
87. Why is speech freedom reformulating its regulation in a global environment ?
(1) National boundaries (2) Political upheavals
(3) New thinking (4) Ideological orientation
Ans: 2
88. For which reason, states are regulating speech freedom ?
(1) Information transfer
(2) Globalization
(3) Attempts to curtail state autonomy
(4) Human rights
Ans: 3
89. What factor is intensifying the State’s power ?
(1) Process of interaction (2) Law and regulation
(3) New media (4) States influence
Ans: 1
90. How does the state try to influence the population ?
(1) Pressure (2) Propaganda
(3) Globalization of ideas (4) Big Conglomerates
Ans: 2
91. What is the realization of the State or Government ?
(1) To affect minds abroad (2) Reformate the state
(3) Formal rules (4) Inward looking
Ans: 1
New technologies, political upheavals, changed concepts of human rights – all these conspire to make this an important moment for rethinking and reformulating speech freedom and regulation in a global environment. The ability of any state fully to control the images that permeate its territory is questioned everywhere. During the 1990s, destiny seemed to lie with the freedom to receive and impart ideas regardless of national boundaries. But it would be naive to see the world as a place where information moves without various forms of restriction. Redefined state power and changes in modes and practices of authority are more likely than what is often characterized as state decline. States have undergone a frenzied testing of new and modified techniques aimed at regulating, if not mastering, the market for speech in response to the forces that seem to undercut their autonomy. In particular, there is a shift away from the singularly inward forms of state control to outward-looking, regional, or multilateral approaches, and away from law and regulation toward negotiation and agreement. The tentacles of influence by one state over the media of another are hardly new, but the process of interaction, through treaty or agreement on the flow of ideas, information, and sheer data, is everyday, intensifying. Globalization of media encompasses more than the pervasive activities of big conglomerates and the extent to which messages they produce dominate the world’s consciousness. The global media market is far more enveloping than a forum for trade in films and television programmes. It is also an increasingly interdependent site for the development and application of formal and informal rules that shape common narratives, a space in which ideologies compete and forge allegiances that ultimately determine the persistence of governments and nations themselves, and an arena where imagery becomes a supplement or substitute for force. Pressure to affect policy formulation and public opinion abroad has always been a preoccupation of those holding or seeking power as governments attempt to influence populations through propaganda, both inside and beyond their boundaries. With the stakes greatly raised since September 11, 2001, governments, more explicit, now, about the interplay between conflict, instability, ideology, recognize their need to affect hearts and minds abroad.
87. Why is speech freedom reformulating its regulation in a global environment ?
(1) National boundaries (2) Political upheavals
(3) New thinking (4) Ideological orientation
Ans: 2
88. For which reason, states are regulating speech freedom ?
(1) Information transfer
(2) Globalization
(3) Attempts to curtail state autonomy
(4) Human rights
Ans: 3
89. What factor is intensifying the State’s power ?
(1) Process of interaction (2) Law and regulation
(3) New media (4) States influence
Ans: 1
90. How does the state try to influence the population ?
(1) Pressure (2) Propaganda
(3) Globalization of ideas (4) Big Conglomerates
Ans: 2
91. What is the realization of the State or Government ?
(1) To affect minds abroad (2) Reformate the state
(3) Formal rules (4) Inward looking
Ans: 1
92. The first Indian language newspaper was :
(1) Bangadoota (2) Samachar
(3) Digdarshan (4) Mirat - ul - Akhbar
Ans: 3
93. In wheel type of communication, _________ is dominant.
(1) One person (2) One group
(3) One chain (4) One nation
Ans: 1
94. The concept of mindful journalism has drawn inspiration from :
(1) Hinduism (2) Daoism
(3) Christianity (4) Buddhism
Ans: 4
95. According to Haebermas, modern mass media are influenced by :
(1) A high degree of ethical conduct (2) New cultural trends
(3) Massive public participation (4) Empty political spectacle
Ans: 4
96. Jean Baudrillard has described mass media as a :
(1) Social powerhouse (2) Prosperous middle man
(3) Political institution (4) Speech without response
Ans: 4
97. When an operating model of communication represents some aspect of reality , it represents :
(1) Stimulation (2) Stagnation (3) Simulation (4) Stratification
Ans: 3
98. In symbolic interaction, artificial signs that produce highly predictable responses are known as :
(1) Signals (2) Signs (3) Symbols (4) Variants
Ans: 1
99. Initial stage of interpersonal communication is called :
(1) The phatic stage (2) The intimate stage
(3) The personal stage (4) The public stage
Ans: 1
100. ‘Mental images’ that enable people to classify objects and to structure responses are known as :
(1) Stereotypes (2) Verbal commands
(3) Non verbal cues (4) Typifications
Ans: 4
(1) Bangadoota (2) Samachar
(3) Digdarshan (4) Mirat - ul - Akhbar
Ans: 3
93. In wheel type of communication, _________ is dominant.
(1) One person (2) One group
(3) One chain (4) One nation
Ans: 1
94. The concept of mindful journalism has drawn inspiration from :
(1) Hinduism (2) Daoism
(3) Christianity (4) Buddhism
Ans: 4
95. According to Haebermas, modern mass media are influenced by :
(1) A high degree of ethical conduct (2) New cultural trends
(3) Massive public participation (4) Empty political spectacle
Ans: 4
96. Jean Baudrillard has described mass media as a :
(1) Social powerhouse (2) Prosperous middle man
(3) Political institution (4) Speech without response
Ans: 4
97. When an operating model of communication represents some aspect of reality , it represents :
(1) Stimulation (2) Stagnation (3) Simulation (4) Stratification
Ans: 3
98. In symbolic interaction, artificial signs that produce highly predictable responses are known as :
(1) Signals (2) Signs (3) Symbols (4) Variants
Ans: 1
99. Initial stage of interpersonal communication is called :
(1) The phatic stage (2) The intimate stage
(3) The personal stage (4) The public stage
Ans: 1
100. ‘Mental images’ that enable people to classify objects and to structure responses are known as :
(1) Stereotypes (2) Verbal commands
(3) Non verbal cues (4) Typifications
Ans: 4
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