HUMAN RIGHTS AND DUTIES- PAGE 6

HUMAN RIGHTS AND DUTIES MCQ- PAGE 6

1. Historically, human rights in the western world were shaped during the period of :
 (A) Ancient Greek city state (B) Renaissance
 (C) Reformation (D) Industrial Revolution
Ans: B

2. Which one of the following is not concerned with the protection of minorities ?
 (A) The Polish Treaty -1919 (B) The Nehru-Liaquat Pact - 1950
 (C) Shimla Agreement - 1972 (D) The Treaty of Lausanne - 1923
Ans: C

3. Which protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights added the right to education ?
 (A) Protocol I (B) Protocol II
 (C) Protocol III (D) Protocol IV
Ans: A

4. Who stated that “Freedoms are not only the primary ends of development they are also among its principal means” ?
 (A) Ambedkar (B) Narayana Guru
 (C) Rosa Luxemberg (D) Amartya Sen
Ans: D

5. The prisoner of war status is determined in accordance with Geneva Convention III :
 (A) Article 3 (B) Article 4
 (C) Article 5 (D) Article 6
Ans: B

6. Which article of the U.D.H.R. says that “Every person has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law” ?
 (A) Article 3 (B) Article 4
 (C) Article 6 (D) Article 9
Ans: C

7. The concept of the indigenous group was elucidated by the UN Special Rapporteur, 
 (A) Francesco Capotorti (B) Jose Martinez Cobo
 (C) Arjun Sengupta (D) Savitri Goonesekere
Ans: B

8. When was the ILO Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention (No.-111) prohibiting discrimination at work on grounds, including race, sex, religion, political opinion and social origin adopted ?
 (A) 1950 (B) 1956
 (C) 1958 (D) 1960 
Ans: D

9. Originally, the theory of judicial review was expounded by :
 (A) John Marshall (B) Madison
 (C) P.N. Bhagwati (D) A.V. Dicey
Ans: A

10. The first review conference on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) took place from 31 May to 11 June 2010 in :
 (A) Geneva (B) New York
 (C) Kampala (D) Hague
Ans: C

11. Which article of the Constitution of India says “No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the state” ?
 (A) Article 14 (B) Article 15
 (C) Article 16 (D) Article 17
Ans: C

12. In which case did Vishakha guidelines come to be discussed again by the Supreme Court ?
 (A) D.K. Basu v/s State of West Bengal
 (B) Nilabati Bahera v/s State of Orissa
 (C) Sheela Barse v/s Secretary, Children Aid Society
 (D) Apparel Export Promotion Council v/s A.K. Chopra
Ans: D

13. The establishment of the UN Human Rights Council signified the end of :
 (A) Centre for Human Rights
 (B) Human Rights Committee
 (C) Commission on Human Rights
 (D) High Commissioner for Human Rights
Ans: C

14. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) was established by a resolution of the :
 (A) General Assembly (B) Security Council
 (C) Economic and Social Council (D) Human Rights Council
Ans: C

15. The National Commission of Minorities is :
 (A) a constitutional body (B) a statutory body
 (C) an executive body (D) an NGO
Ans: B

16. D.K. Basu v/s State of West Bengal case is related to :
 (A) Gender Equality (B) Refugee Rights
 (C) Arrest and Detention (D) Right to Health 
Ans: C

17. Which article of the Constitution mandates the state to respect international law and treaty obligation including protection of human rights ?
 (A) Article 21 (B) Article 51
 (C) Article 51-A (D) Article 21-A
Ans: B

18. About which article of the Constitution of India, Dr. Ambedkar said that “It is the very soul of the Constitution” ?
 (A) Article 21 (B) Article 25
 (C) Article 30 (D) Article 32
Ans: D

19. In which of the following cases has the Supreme Court said that a person cannot be arrested and detained in prison merely on the ground of his inability to fulfil contractual obligation ?
 (A) Vishaka v/s State of Rajasthan
 (B) Jolly George Varghese v/s Bank of Cochin
 (C) Nilabati Bahera v/s State of Orissa
 (D) Hanif Qureshi v/s State of U.P.
Ans: B

20. How many members of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) are appointed from amongst persons having knowledge of or practical experience in matters relating to human rights ?
 (A) One (B) Two
 (C) Three (D) Four
Ans: B

21. Arrange the following thinkers in order of their era :
 I. Thomas Paine II. Antonio Gramsci
 III. Leo Tolstoy IV. J.S. Mill
Codes :
 (A) I, II, III, IV (B) IV, III, II, I
 (C) IV, I, III, II (D) I, IV, III, II
Ans: D

22. Arrange the following Indian NGOs working in the field of human rights in order of their year of establishment using the codes given below :
 I. People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL)
 II. People’s Union for Democratic Rights (PUDR)
 III. Bandhua Mukti Marcha
 IV. Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan
Codes :
 (A) I, II, III, IV (B) IV, III, II, I
 (C) II, III, I, II (D) III, IV, II, I 
Ans: A
23. Arrange the following Fundamental Duties as per their constitutional order using the codes given below :
 I. To strive towards excellence
 II. To develop the scientific temper
 III. To protect and improve the natural environment
 IV. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture
Codes :
 (A) I, II, III, IV (B) IV, III, II, I
 (C) II, III, IV, I (D) III, II, I, IV
Ans: B

24. Arrange the following draconian and repressive laws in sequence of their enactment :
 I. The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act
 II. The Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act
 III. The Prevention of Terrorism Act
 IV. The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act
Codes :
 (A) II, III, I, IV (B) III, II, IV, I
 (C) I, IV, III, II (D) IV, I, II, III
Ans: D

25. Arrange in the chronological order and choose the correct code :
 I. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
 II. Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons
 III. Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women
 IV. Declaration concerning the Aims and Purposes of ILO
Codes :
 (A) I, II, III, IV (B) I, IV, II, III
 (C) IV, I, II, III (D) I, IV, III, II
Ans: C

26. Arrange the following in the chronological order of their emergence and choose the correct code :
 I. WTO II. GATT
 III. GATS IV. TRIPS
Codes :
 (A) I, II, III, IV (B) I, III, II, IV
 (C) III, I, II, IV (D) II, IV, I, III
Ans: D

27. Arrange the following into chronological order and choose the correct answer :
 I. Simon Commission II. Quit India Movement
 III. Government of India Act IV. Salt Satyagraha
Codes :
 (A) I, IV, III, II (B) I, II, III, IV
 (C) I, II, IV, III (D) IV, I, III, II 
Ans: A

28. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I List – II
a. Lieber code i. 1899
b. St.Petersburg Declaration ii. 1859
c. Battle of Solferino iii. 1868
d. Hague Peace Conference iv. 1863
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) i iii iii iv
 (B) iii ii iv i
 (C) iv iii ii i
 (D) iii ii i iv
Ans: C

29. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I (Directives) List – II (Articles of Constitution of India)
a. Right to work and public assistance in unemployment i. 41
b. Early childhood care and education to children below six years ii. 42
c. Promotion of educational and economic interests of SC/STs iii. 45
d. Provision to maternity relief iv. 46 
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) i ii iii iv
 (B) i iii iv ii
 (C) ii iii iv i
 (D) i iv iii ii
Ans: B

30. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I List – II
a. Hedonistic calculus of pains and pleasure i. Pound
b. Social solidarity ii. Bentham
c. Social engineering iii. Ehrlich
d. Living Law iv. Duguit
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) ii iv i iii
 (B) i ii iii iv
 (C) ii i iii iv
 (D) ii iii i iv 
Ans: A

​31. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I (Rights) List – II
(Articles under ICCPR)
a. Right to life i. Article 17
b. Prohibition of torture ii. Article 18
c. Right to privacy iii. Article 6
d. Freedom of religion iv. Article 7
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) iv iii ii i
 (B) iii iv ii i
 (C) iv iii i ii
 (D) iii iv i ii
Ans: D

32. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I (Institutions) List – II (Year)
a. National Human Rights Commission i. 2007
b. National Commission for Minorities ii. 2004
c. National Commission for Scheduled Castes iii. 1992
d. National Commission for Protection of Child Rights iv. 1993
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) iv iii ii i
 (B) iii iv i ii
 (C) ii iii iv i
 (D) iii ii i iv
Ans: A

33. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I (Right Protected) List – II (Article of UDHR)
a. All human being are born free and equal in dignify and rights i. Article 9
b. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile ii. Article 1
c. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association iii. Article 19
d. Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression iv. Article 20
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) i ii iv iii
 (B) i ii iii iv
 (C) ii i iv iii
 (D) iv iii ii i 
Ans: C
34. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I List – II
a. UN Conference on Environment and Development i. Vienna
b. UN Conference on Women ii. Durban
c. World Conference on Human Rights iii. Rio de Janeiro
d. World Conference Against Racism iv. Beijing
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) iv i ii iii
 (B) ii iv i iii
 (C) iii i iv ii
 (D) iii iv i ii
Ans: D

35. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I (Person) List – II (Concept)
a. Aristotle i. Social Justice
b. Amartya Sen ii. Theory of Justice
c. John Rawls iii. Development as Freedom
d. B.R. Ambedkar iv. Distributive Justice
Codes :
 a b c d
 (A) ii iii i iv
 (B) iii ii iv i
 (C) iv iii ii i
 (D) i ii iii iv
Ans: C

36. Assertion (A) : International human rights law refers to the overarching mission to protect universal features of the human being from the exercise of sovereign power.
Reason (R) : Human rights possess international significance.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct. 
Ans: A

37. Assertion (A) : Freedom to manifest one’s religion or belief shall be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of public safety, for the protection of public order, health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
Reason (R) : Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Ans: B

38. Assertion (A) : Food safety and security legislations in India did not produce the full results of poverty alleviation.
Reason (R) : The implementation of these legislations was without sufficient administrative preparation and it had practical difficulties.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Ans: A

39. Assertion (A) : The right of men and women of marriageable age to marry and to found a family shall be recognised.
Reason (R) : The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Ans: A

40. Assertion (A) : Generally values are derived from systems of religion, morals or mores. The political costs of enforcing a reformative law that conflicts with a society’s norms or values may be too high if it results in a severe polarisation of society.
Reason (R) : Law is not an useful instrument of social change.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
 (D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Ans: C

41. Assertion (A) : Every refugee has duties to the country in which he finds himself, which requires in particular that he conform to its laws and regulations as well as to measures taken for the maintenance of public order.
Reason (R) : Refugee acquires a new nationality and enjoys the protection of the country of his new nationality.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is incorrect. 
Ans: B

​42. Assertion (A) : Directive principles of state policy are not as such justiciable in a court of law.
Reason (R) : The directive principles are not important and only moral obligations of the state.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Ans: C

43. Assertion (A) : States need to take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of employment in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, the same rights. 
Reason (R) : Full and complete development of a country requires the maximum participation of women on equal terms with men in all fields.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Ans: A

44. Assertion (A) : Human rights and human security are very different concepts. While rights signify the basic legal entitlements of individuals, security involves personal safety.
Reason (R) : The concept of human security is not useful in furthering human rights.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Ans: C

45. Assertion (A) : Development should not deprive the rights and belongings of tribals.
Reason (R) : Real development is inclusive of development of tribals and indigenous population.
 Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
 (B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
 (C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
 (D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct. 
Ans: A
Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow based on your understanding of the passage : (Question Nos. 46 – 50)

Reintegration denotes a process whereby a refugee is able to secure economic, social, and political conditions suitable for maintaining life, livelihood and dignity. Reintegration must enable socio-economic self-sufficiency, participation in community life, in addition to exercising citizenship rights. UNHCR defined it as being coterminous with “sustainable return”, which implies a situation where constructive relationship between returnees, civil society and the state consolidates. Sustainable reintegration is thus a product of interplay between the two factors identified above : sustainable livelihood and equal citizenship rights. A regime of political participation in terms of equal citizenship rights must reflect in access to public utilities, a system of protection of rights, and a fair system of governance in policy and administrative matters. 

Reintegration requires both external and internal support systems to be successful. External factors include international relief, development aid, and repatriation efforts by UNHCR, among others. Internal factors include equitable distribution of relief and development aid, prevalence of a democratic and participatory political system, evidence of a vibrant society with strong emotional ties that is reflected through a genuine sense of reconciliation and acceptance of returnees by the resident population. External factors help in economic and physical reintegration whereas internal support systems are crucial for social and emotional reintegration. Reintegration, holistically speaking, has economic, political, and social connotations. 

According to Harrell-Bond, there are three stages in reintegration programmes. Returnee aid begins with the transportation of refugees to the designated areas in their country of origin for initial resettlement. It includes a repatriation assistance package for the families. It is intended to support the survival of the refugee families in the initial weeks after repatriation and cushion the immediate absence of gainful employment. The second stage involves initiation of Quick Impact Projects (QIPs), tools, primary education, and other preliminary activities to get the returning refugees on ‘their own feet quickly’ with an underlying reminder that there will be a gradual reduction in material help in the ensuing months. “In the third stage aid is withdrawn, on the grounds that the refugees should by then be “self sufficient” and “integrated” into the local community”. 

46. Reintegration is coterminous with :
 (A) safe return
 (B) refugee’s return
 (C) sustainable return
 (D) facilitated return
Ans: C

47. Reintegration has :
 (A) economic, political and moral connotations.
 (B) economic, social and ideological connotations.
 (C) economic, political and educational connotations.
 (D) economic, political and social connotations.
Ans: D

48. The third stage of a reintegration programme involves activities to :
 (A) initiate impact projects
 (B) achieve political empowerment
 (C) provide initial settlement
 (D) enable self-sufficiency of the returnees
Ans: D

49. Internal factors of reintegration include :
 (A) equitable distribution of land and international relief.
 (B) equitable distribution of aid and a participatory political system.
 (C) development aid and repatriation.
 (D) physical reintegration and a democratic political system.
Ans: B
​
50. Sustainable reintegration is a product of interplay between :
 (A) sustainable livelihood and equal citizenship rights
 (B) sustainable livelihood and international security
 (C) sustainable return and citizenship rights
 (D) sustainable development and equal access to resources 
Ans: A

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